公差标准-GDT

目录目录目录目录主题主题主题主题几何特性符号…………………………………………………………………………2通用符号………………………………………………………………………………3术语和定义……………………………………………………………………………4半径和控制半径………………………………………………………………………6统计公差符号…………………………………………………………………………7形体控制框……………………………………………………………………………8一般原则………………………………………………………………………………9基准……………………………………………………………………………………12平面度…………………………………………………………………………………33直线度…………………………………………………………………………………34圆度……………………………………………………………………………………36圆柱度…………………………………………………………………………………37垂直度…………………………………………………………………………………38倾斜度…………………………………………………………………………………40平行度…………………………………………………………………………………42轮廓度公差带…………………………………………………………………………44面轮廓度………………………………………………………………………………45共平面轮廓度…………………………………………………………………………46线轮廓度………………………………………………………………………………47轮廓/位置度边界控制…………………………………………………………………48复合轮廓度应用………………………………………………………………………50圆跳动…………………………………………………………………………………52全跳动…………………………………………………………………………………53独立原则位置度（应用于孔）………………………………………………………54最大实体原则位置度（应用于孔）…………………………………………………55最小实体原则位置度（应用于孔）…………………………………………………56最大实体原则位置度（应用于同轴圆）……………………………………………57最大实体原则位置度（应用于有效条件基准的同轴圆柱形体）………………58最大实体原则位置度（应用于非圆柱形体））……………………………………59位置度（双向控制）…………………………………………………………………60TableofContentSubjectGeometricCharacteristicSymbols………………………………………………………………………2CommonSymbols…………………………………………………………………………………………3TermsandDefinitions……………………………………………………………………………………4RadiusandcontrolledRadius…………………………………………………………………………6StatisticalTolerancingSymbol……………………………………………………………………………7FeatureControlFrame……………………………………………………………………………………8GeneralRules………………………………………………………………………………………………9Datums……………………………………………………………………………………………………12Flatness……………………………………………………………………………………………………33Straightness…………………………………………………………………………………………………34Circularity……………………………………………………………………………………………………36Cylindricity…………………………………………………………………………………………………37Perpendicularity……………………………………………………………………………………………38Angularity…………………………………………………………………………………………………40Parallelism…………………………………………………………………………………………………42ProfileToleranceZone……………………………………………………………………………………44ProfileofaSurface………………………………………………………………………………………45ProfileofCoplanarSurfaces……………………………………………………………………………46ProfileofaLine……………………………………………………………………………………………47Profile/PositionBoundaryControl………………………………………………………………………48CompositeProfileApplication……………………………………………………………………………50CircularRunout……………………………………………………………………………………………52TotalRunout………………………………………………………………………………………………53PositionRFS(appliedtoahole)…………………………………………………………………………54PositionMMC(appliedtoahole)………………………………………………………………………55PositionLMC(appliedtoahole)………………………………………………………………………56PositionMMC(appliedtoacoaxialdiameter)…………………………………………………………57PositionMMC(appliedtoacoaxialdiameterwithvirtualconditiondatum)…………………………58PositionMMC(appliedtoanon-cylindricalfeature-of-size)…………………………………………59Position(asabi-directionalcontrol)……………………………………………………………………60Position(appliedtoaelongatedholes-boundaryconcept)……………………………………………61位置度（应用于长形孔-边界形）……………………………………………………61位置度（用于控制对称度）…………………………………………………………62延伸公差带……………………………………………………………………………63固定联结件位置度计算公式…………………………………………………………64浮动联结件位置度计算公式…………………………………………………………65复合位置公差…………………………………………………………………………66多组合位置公差………………………………………………………………………68位置度为零的最大实体原则…………………………………………………………70同轴度…………………………………………………………………………………71对称度…………………………………………………………………………………72转换图…………………………………………………………………………………73表面特性定义…………………………………………………………………………74表面特性符号…………………………………………………………………………75表面特性………………………………………………………………………………75公英制转换……………………………………………………………………………771Position(usedtocontrolsymmetry)……………………………………………………………………62ProjectedToleranceZone………………………………………………………………………………63TheFixedFastenerFormula……………………………………………………………………………64TheFloatingFastenerFormula…………………………………………………………………………65CompositePositionTolerancing………………………………………………………………………66Position(multiplesinglesegmentcontrol)……………………………………………………………68ZeroToleranceatMMC…………………………………………………………………………………70Concentricity…………………………………………………………………………………………71Symmetry…………………………………………………………………………………………………72ConversionChart………………………………………………………………………………………73SurfaceTextureDefinitions……………………………………………………………………………74SurfaceTextureSymbols………………………………………………………………………………75SurfaceTexture…………………………………………………………………………………………75ConversionofMetrictoInch…………………………………………………………………………771几何特性符号几何特性符号几何特性符号几何特性符号使用参考基准公差类型特性符号直线度平面度圆度不用形状圆柱度线轮廓度有时用轮廓面轮廓度倾斜度垂直度方向平行度位置度同轴度位置对称度圆跳动常用跳动全跳动2GeometricCharacteristicSymbolsUSEDADATUMREFERENCETYPEOFTOLERANCECHARACTERISTICSYMBOLSTRAIGHTNESSFLATNESSCIRCULARITY(ROUNDNESS)NEVERFORMCYLINDRICITYPROFILEOFALINESOMETIMESPROFILEFROFILEOFASURFACEANGULARITYPERPENDICULARITYORIENTATIONPARALLELISMPOSITIONCONCENTRICITYLOCATIONSYMMETRYCIRCULARRUNOUTALWAYSRUNOUTTOTALRUNOUT2用符号用符号用符号用符号下图所示是在工程图中几何公差或其他尺寸要求使用最广泛的符号。标有“X”的符号为新的符号或原Y14.5M-1982标准修订而来的术语符号特性控制框直径球径最大实体原则最小实体原则独立原则NONE延伸公差带自由状态○F切面○T统计公差半径R控制半径CR球的半径SR基本尺寸基准特征基准目标目标点X尺寸源位置数量8X沉孔埋头孔深度正方形□整个圆周非比例尺寸150圆弧长度之间斜度CommonSymbolsShownbelowarethemostcommonsymbolsthatareusedwithgeometrictolerancingandotherrelateddimensionalrequirementsonengineeringdrawings.Thesymbolsmarkedwithan“X”arenewofrevisedfromthepreviousY14.5M-1982standard.TERMSYMBOLFeatureControlFrameDiameterSphericalDiameterM