考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(21)

英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析（21）Whenitcomestotheslowingeconomy,EllenSperoisn’tbitinghernailsjustyet.Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn’tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe’dliketo,either.Mostofherclientsspend$12to$50weekly,butlastmonthtwolongtimecustomerssuddenlystoppedshowingup.Speroblamesthesofteningeconomy.“I’magoodeconomicindicator,”shesays.“Iprovideaservicethatpeoplecandowithoutwhenthey’reconcernedaboutsavingsomedollars.”SoSperoisdownscaling,shoppingatmiddle-browDillard’sdepartmentstorenearhersuburbanClevelandhome,insteadofNeimanMarcus.“Idon’tknowifotherclientsaregoingtoabandonme,too”shesays.EvenbeforeAlanGreenspan’sadmissionthatAmerica’sred-hoteconomyiscooling,lotsofworkingfolkshadalreadyseensignsoftheslowdownthemselves.FromcardealershipstoGapoutlets,saleshavebeenlaggingformonthsasshopperstempertheirspending.Forretailers,wholastyeartookin24percentoftheirrevenuebetweenThanksgivingandChristmas,thecautiousapproachiscomingatacrucialtime.Already,expertssay,holidaysalesareoff7percentfromlastyear’space.Butdon’tsoundanyalarmsjustyet.Consumersseemonlymildlyconcerned,notpanicked,andmanysaytheyremainoptimisticabouttheeconomy’slong-termprospects,evenastheydosomemodestbelt-tightening.Consumerssaythey’renotindespairbecause,despitethedreadfulheadlines,theirownfortunesstillfeelprettygood.Homepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.InManhattan,“there’sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4millionto$10millionrange,predominantlyfedbyWallStreetbonuses,”saysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran.InSanFrancisco,pricesarestillrisingevenasfrenziedoverbiddingquiets.“Insteadof20to30offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwoorthree,”saysjohnTealdi,aBayAreareal-estatebroker.Andmostfolksstillfeelprettycomfortableabouttheirabilitytofindandkeepajob.Manyfolksseesilverliningstothisslowdown.Potentialhomebuyerswouldcheerforlowerinterestrates.Employerswouldn’tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessaryingredienttoasustainedboom.Dinersmightseeanupside,too.GettingatableatManhattan’shotnewAlainDucasserestaurantneedtobeimpossible.Notanymore.Forthat,Greenspan&Co.maystillbeworthtoasting.31.By“EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet”(Line1,Paragraph1),theauthormeans[A]Sperocanhardlymaintainherbusiness.[B]Speroistoomuchengagedinherwork.[C]Sperohasgrownoutofherbadhabit.[D]Speroisnotinadesperatesituation.32.Howdothepublicfeelaboutthecurrenteconomicsituation？[A]Optimistic.[B]Confused.[C]Carefree.[D]Panicked.33.Whenmentioning“the$4millionto$10millionrange”(Lines3,Paragraph3)，theauthoristalkingabout[A]goldmarket.[B]realestate.[C]stockexchange.[D]ventureinvestment.34.Whycanmanypeoplesee“silverlinings”totheeconomicshowdown?[A]Theywouldbenefitincertainways.[B]Thestockmarketshowssignsofrecovery.[C]Suchaslowdownusuallyprecedesaboom.[D]Thepurchasingpowerwouldbeenhanced.35.Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?[A]Anewboom,onthehorizon.[B]Tightenthebelt,thesingleremedy.[C]Cautionallright,panicnot.[D]Themoreventures,themorechances.名师解析31.By“EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet”(Line1,Paragraph1),theauthormeans通过说“艾伦·斯拜罗还不至于咬手指”(第一段第一行)，作者的意思是[A]Sperocanhardlymaintainherbusiness.斯拜罗几乎无法维持自己的生意。[B]Speroistoomuchengagedinherwork.斯拜罗过分投入于自己的工作。[C]Sperohasgrownoutofherbadhabit.斯拜罗已经戒掉了坏习惯。.[D]Speroisnotinadesperatesituation.斯拜罗没有到绝望的境地。【答案】D【考点】词义和句意题。【分析】此类题目一般会考超纲词汇、熟词僻义、特殊场合用法等，本题属于考熟词僻义。“bitingone’snails”是习语，但是绝大多数考生是不会知道的。这个时候就必须将其放在上下文中来考虑。文章第一句和第二句之间的转折词“but”是推断出这个句子意思的关键“……斯拜罗还不至于‘bitinghernails’，但是(她的生意已经不如从前)这位四十七岁的指甲修饰师修剪、锉磨、上油的指甲数量却难遂其愿了。她的大多数顾客每周花费十二至五十美元，可上月两位长期客户突然不来了;她本人也不再去高档商场而去中档商场了。”由此可以推断出，第一句肯定是说她的境况还不至于糟糕到非常困难的地步。[B]、[C]肯定是可以排除的，而选项[A]“斯拜罗几乎无法维持自己的生意”则很具有迷惑性，可是如果考生把[A]带进原文读一遍就会发现这个选项和“but”无法连用，“斯拜罗几乎无法维持自己的生意，但是她的生意已经大不如从前”在逻辑上是讲不通的，所以只能选择[D]，这样一来，这句话的意思就是“(虽然)斯拜罗还没有到绝望的境地，但是她的生意已经大不如从前了”，语义上完全可以接受。32.Howdothepublicfeelaboutthecurrenteconomicsituation?公众对目前的经济形势怎么看？[A]Optimistic.乐观的。[B]Confused.迷惑的。[C]Carefree.无忧无虑的。[D]Panicked.恐慌的。【答案】A【考点】事实细节题。【分析】本题属于事实细节题，考查公众对经济形势的看法。文章中关于公众的看法出现在第二段最后几句“不过，目前还不必敲什么警钟。消费者看起来只是适度关注，并没有恐慌。许多人虽然稍微勒紧腰带，但他们说对于经济的长期前景还是乐观的。”由此可以判定正确答案是选项[A]。33.Whenmentioning“the$4millionto$10millionrange”(Lines2-3,Paragraph3)theauthoristalkingabout当提及“400万到1,000万美元之间”(第三段第二、三行)时，作者在谈论[A]goldmarket.黄金市场。[B]realestate.房地产。[C]stockexchange.证券交易所。[D]ventureinvestment风险投资。【答案】B【考点】词义和句意题。【分析】引用别人的话来证明自己的观点叫引证，用例子来证明自己的观点叫例证。我们来看看作者引用这句话是为了证明什么“在大多数地区房屋价格保持稳定。经纪人巴巴拉·考克兰说，在曼哈顿‘出现了对400万至1,000万美元之间房子的淘金热(抢购)，资金来源以华尔街股票红利为主。’在旧金山，高价抢购现象虽然销声匿迹了，可价格依旧看涨。海湾地区房地产经纪人约翰·梯尔迪说：‘以前总是有20到30个卖主，而现在也许只有两三个。’”读懂这句话，就会明白，作者是在证明有人在投资房地产。选项[A]是出题人故意利用“goldrush”这个短语的字面意思来迷惑考生的，“goldrush”指淘金热，但是这里指的是“投资房产的狂热”。选项[C]股票市场是利用考生可能会被华尔街误导而出的干扰项。至于选项[D]风险投资本章没有提及。34.Whycanmanypeoplesee“silverlinings”totheeconomicshowdown?为什么许多人能够在经济放缓中看到“银色的边”?[A]Theywouldbenefitincertainways.他们可能以某些方式收益。.[B]Thestockmarketshowssignsofrecovery.股票市场显现了复苏的迹象。[C]Suchaslowdownusuallyprecedesaboom.经济繁荣之前通常会有这样的滑坡。[D]Thepurchasingpowerwouldbeenhanced.购买力会增强。【答案】A【考点】推断题。【分析】文章并没有直接说“银色的边”是什么意思，但是这却是理解的一个比较关键的地方。英语中有句谚语叫“Everycloudhasasilverli