语法复习AdverbialClauses(状语从句)

AdverbialClauses-语法要点•状语可用来修饰谓语动词、形容词、整个句子等等，状语主要由副词或与之相当的其他词类、短语或从句担任，下面主要讲述状语语从句，及状语从句中的注意事项。1.AdverbialClausesofTime:（时间…….）DifferentKindsofAdverbialClauses:2.AdverbialClausesofReason(原因…….）3.AdverbialClausesofConditions(条件…….）4.AdverbialClausesofPlace(地点…….）5.AdverbialClausesofPurpose(目的…….）6.AdverbialClausesofResult（结果…….）7.AdverbialClausesofComparison（比较）8.AdverbialClausesofConcession(让步…….）9.AdverbClausesofManner(方式…….)1.AdverbialClausesofTime:（时间状语从句）when,while,as,before,after,since,until,assoonas,themoment,immediately,theminute,thesecond….everytime,eachtime,bythetime1)Whenhecomesheretomorrow,I’llcallyou.(atthattime)I.when2)Sorry，Iwasoutwhenyoucalledme.1)Whilehewaswalkinginthestreet,hemetTim.(分词短语）Whilewalkinginthestreet,hemetTim.Walkinginthestreet,hemetTom.2)HelearnedtospeakEnglishwhilehewashere.3)Iliketeawhileshelikescoffee.(表示对比)IIwhileIII.as(一边...一边,随着）1)Astheywerepickingtea,thegirlsweresinginghappily.2)Shesangassheworked.区别---When,while,aswhen从句的重点不在动作本身发生的状态，而只是把它作为一个时间点when从句的动词大多是瞬时动词When引导的从句中动作，往往发生在主句动作之前或之后When:主句动作正在进行，从句中动作往往出乎意料区别---When,while,aswhile从句的侧重点在于描述动作正在发生的状态while从句一般用的是正在进行时，而另一件事的状态没有硬性的要求，根据具体情况而定while表示的是一段时间，是一个过程区别---When,while,as•While：•如果含有“一段时间”的含义的时候，就可以用while。例如：•Strikewhiletheironishot.趁热打铁。（趁着铁是热的这段时间，赶紧打铁）•Strikewhentheironishot.（铁只热了一下，打一下，然后铁就冷了）区别---When,while,as•as从句表示的也是一件事情正在发生，另一件事也正在进行当中•as从句用的一般不用正在进行时，而只是一般过去时Thestudentstooknotesastheylistened．学生们边听课边做笔记。Aswetalkedon,hegotmoreandmoreexcited.我们继续往下谈的时候,他越来越兴奋。Thelittlegirlssangastheywent．小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。IV.BeforeItwon’tbelongbeforehefinisheshiswriting.Iknockedthedoorseveraltimesbeforeyoucametoopenit.V.AfterAfterhe(had)finishedhiswork,heleftthere.He(had)finishedhisworkbeforehelefthere.Afterfinishinghiswork,helefthere.Havingfinishedhiswork,helefthere.VI.since(fromthetimethat)1)Ihaveknownhimeversincehewasaboy.2)IhaveworkedheresinceIgraduatedfromtheuniversity.*3)Itis(hasbeen)twoyearssincehecamehere.VII.until(till)(uptothetimethat)1)Hewillnotgotobeduntil(till)hismothercomes.2)Untilshetoldme,Ihadnoideaofwhattheyhadsaid.3)Itisnotuntilhismothercomeshomethathewillgotobed.(强调结构）VIII.assoonas1)Assoonasshegothome,shebegantocook.Ongettinghome,shebegantocook.*IX.everytime,eachtime,themoment1)Everytime/eachtimeIcatchacold,Ihavepaininmyback.2)Therewasanapplausethemoment(assoonas)sheappearedonthestage.X.bythetime1)Bythetimehearrived,thetrainhadalreadygone.2)Bythetimehecomes,wewillalreadyhaveleft.Exercises:1.Theywalkedoutoftheroom_________themeetingwasover.2.Theymuststayinschool_________theyaresixteen.3.Takethemedicine_________yougotobed.assoonasbythetimebefore4.Iknewnothingaboutit_______hetoldme.5.Itismorethanfiveyears_____westartedtolearnEnglish.6._______hetalkedon,hegotmoreandmoreexcited.7.Weshouldstrike_______theironishot.untilsinceAswhile2.AdverbialClausesofReason(原因状语从句）because,since,as,nowthat,forI.because1)Theshipchangeditscoursebecausetherewasastorm.Theshipchangeditscoursebecauseofthestorm.2)Becausehewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.Hewasill,sohedidn’tgotoschool.Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.II.since1)Sinceyouareill,you’dbettergotoseethedoctor.2)Sinceyoudonotunderstand,Iwillexplainagain.III.as1)Asshewaslateforclass,shehadtosaysorry.2)AsJanewastheoldestinthisfamily,shehadtolookaftertheothers.IV.nowthat1)Nowthatclassisover,let’sgotoplayfootball.V.For（非直接原因）Hemustbeill,forheisabsenttoday.Exercises:1.Theteachermustbestrictwithyou_____theywantyoutomakegreatprogress.2.______yourfatheriswellagain,younolongerhaveanythingtoworryabout.3.Thedaybreaks,____thebirdsaresinging.1.because2.Since3.for3.AdverbialClausesofCondition(条件状语从句）I.if1)Ifhehadworkedharder,hewouldhavepassedtheexam.2)Ifyouworkharder,youwillsucceed.Workharder,andyouwillsucceed.Workharder,oryouwon’tsucceed.Workingharder,youwillsucceed.II.unless1)Wecan’twritetoMaryunlessshetellsusheraddress.Wecan’twritetoMaryifshedoesn’ttellusheraddress.*III.aslongas(只要)1)IwillnevergiveuplearningaslongasIlive.2)Youmayborrowthebookaslongasyoukeepitclean.*IV.onconditionthat（条件是）We’llletyouusetheroomonconditionthatyoukeepittidy.*V.incase(万一）You’dbettertakeyourraincoatwithyouincaseitrains.4.AdverbialClausesofPlace(地点……）Youmayfindhimwherehisparentslive.5.AdverbialClausesofPurpose(目的……）sothat/inorderthatTheysetoutearlysothat(inorderthat)theymightarrivethereintime.Theysetoutearlyinorderto(soasto)arrivethereintime.6.AdverbialClausesofResult（结果状语从句）so…that…,such…that…1)ItissogoodastorythatI’llneverforgetit.ItissuchagoodstorythatI’llneverforgetit.2)such+a/an+adj.+名词+thatclause3)so+adj./adv.a/an+名词+thatclause4)so+many/few+复数名词+thatclausemuch/little+不可数名词7.AdverbialClausesofComparison（比较）as…as,notas(so)…as,more/-er…than,less…than1)Hedoesn’tworksohardasyoudo.2)ThereisasmuchinkinbottleAasinbottleB.3)Themoreyouworry,thelessyou’llsucceed.4)Goldismuchheavierthananyothermetal.8.AdverbialClausesofConcession(让步）1)Although(Though)heisold,heworkshard.Heisold,butheworkshard.*2)Eventhough(evenif)yousayso,Idon’tbelieveit.(即使)*3.Difficultastheworkis,we’llfinishitontime.Thoughtheworkisdifficult,we’llfinishit