高中英语名词性从句-.ppt

toourEnglishclass理解概念很关键掌握逻辑是重点大句子套小句子从句的特点1.从句也要符合句子的基本结构2.从句只是做为句子某一成分出现的3.从句的关联词很关键,通常来讲,它们是从句开始的标志1.Tomisagoodboy.2.Heiswalking./Wedisagree.3.Iloveyou.4.Iconsiderhimhandsome/ahandsomeboy.5.Hegavemeapresent.从句名词性从句形容词性从句副词性从句:定语从句:状语从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句谓语动词/介词名词WhenweshallholdthemeetingdependsonwhetherJohncanreturntomorrow.系动词TheproblemiswhenJohnwillcomeback.Weexpressedourhopethatwecouldvisitthecountryagain.Haveatry:Whatkind?•Idon’tknowwhobrokethewindow.•Shewalkeduptowhereshestood.•Whattheyneedisagoodtextbook.•Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmwelcome.•Thisiswhereourproblemis.•Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.•TheforeignerexpressedhishopethathewasgoingtovisittheGreatWallagain.•Weconsideritnecessarythatheshouldimprovehispronunciation.OSOPSAOOTaskI.什么叫“名词性从句”？•名词性从句在功能上相当于名词主语{Hisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant.表语Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.{宾语{Idon’tlikehisjob.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.同位语{Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.NounClauses名词性从句一个句子,在连词的引导下,在一个句子中当名词使用,叫名词性从句．根据句法功能,名词性从句可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句．引导词的分类123that,whether,ifwho,whom,whose,which,what,whatever,whoever,whichever,when,where,how,why从属连词连接代词连接副词名词性that-从句1）由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。that只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语，例如：主语：Thatheisstillaliveissheerluck.同位语：Thefactthathehasnotbeenseenrecentlydisturbseveryoneinhisoffice.形容词宾语：Iamgladthatyouaresatisfiedwithyourjob.•★★It’sapitythatyoumissedthefilm.•Itmakesnodifferencewhetherhewillattendthemeetingornot.•ItissaidthatthenovelhasbeentranslatedintoEnglish.注意2)it做为形式主语和宾语•为了避免头重脚轻，通常用做形式主语，将真正的主语从句后置•What引导的主语从句例外。•★★动词think,make,feel,consider，find等后常用it作形式宾语来代替that引导的宾语从句。•Weallthinkitgoodnewsthatwewillhaveaholidaythisweekend.•OurschoolhasmadeitarulethatallthestudentsshouldwearschooluniformonMondaymorning.•Iconsideritnecessarythatweshouldaskhimforadvice.•巧记•It作形式代词真能干，可把不定式、动名词或从句来代办，而让它们后面站！提示：介词一般不与that连用。但inthat，exceptthat除外Mandiffersfrombrutesinthattheycanthinkandspeak.Practicetime:用形式代词it转换下列名词性从句•1.Whobroketheglassyesterdayisnotclear.•2.Whyhedidtheworkiseasytounderstand.•3.Thatherhairwasturninggreyworriedherabit.•4.Hehadwonthefirstprize.Wethoughtitwasgoodnews.Hedidn’tmake____clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.(07Tianjin1)AthisB.thatC.itD.theseItisnoneofyourbusiness____otherpeoplethinkaboutyou.Believeyourself.(07Fujian35)A.HowB.whatC.whichD.when•1.Thatshewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.•2.SheexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaoneday.•3.Youproblemisthatyoulackself-confidence•4.Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.•5.ShesaidthatshewouldgothereonFridayandthatshewouldreturnthenextday。•6.Wethinkitimportantthatyoushoulddoitatonce.•7.Ididn’ttellhimanythingexceptthatIwasn’tabletofindmywayback.••在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中，that不能省略。•宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略：•（1）当that从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个that不能省；1）由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。wh-词包括who,whom,whose,what,which,---ever等连接代词和where,when,how,why等连接副词。连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。连接代词在从句中做主，宾，表语。连接副词在句中做表，状语。例如：主语：Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.宾语：Theclubwillgivewhoeverwinsaprize.表语：Myquestioniswhowilltakeoverthepresident.宾语补足语：Shewillnamehimwhatevershewantsto.同位语：Ihavenoideawhenhewillreturn.形容词宾语：I'mnotsurewhysherefusedtheirinvitation.介词宾语：Thatdependsonwhereweshallgo.wh-从句作主语也常用先行词it做形式主语，而将wh-从句置于句末，例如：Itisnotyetdecidedwhowilldothatjob.what既可表疑问，也可没有疑问，作为缩合连词相当于allthat,everythingthat,thepersonwho…不表疑问。在从句中做主语，宾语或表语。Theyreached___isnowpartofAmerica.A.whatB.whereCwhichD.thatHeis_____isknownasahacker---helikestoshowoffontheinternetandattackwebsites.A.whatB.whoC.thatDwhichwhich表疑问，哪一个who,whom表疑问，谁whoever,whomever----无论是谁，不管是谁。=anyonewhothosewhowherewhenwhy既可表疑问，也可不表疑问Istillremember_____thisusedtobeaquietvillage.Whynottryyourluckdowntown---that’s______goodjobsare.whether与if均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下用whether：1.whether引导主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句应当用whether，2.whether引导从句作介词的宾语。I’mnotinterestedinwhetherthey’llgoornot.3.whether可以直接跟动词不定式连用。Ididn’tknowwhethertolaughortocry.4.从句后有“ornot”时Iwonderwhetherhewillcomeornot.5.discuss后whether与if的辨用1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.2.______wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.3.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.4.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.5.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.6.Thequestionis_________heshoulddoit.7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion______theoldmanwillrecoversoon.8.Idon’tknow_______togo.9.______youarenotfreetomorrow,I’llgowithoutyou.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherIf总原则：看从句中缺少什么成分，根据意思选择适当连接词语；如不缺成分且句意完整，则选用that.一找二查三选：从句：缺少什么成分：意思适合的关联词Haveatry:Chooseaproperone1._____hasbeenannouncedisthatwemusthandinourgraduationpapersbeforetheendofJune.What2.___healwaysservesthepeopleiswell-known.3.____theEnglisheveningwillbeheld,onMondayorTuesday,hasnotyetbeendecided.4.Iwanttoknow____hehastoldyou.5.Everythingdependson_______wehaveenoughmoney.6.Thatis_____hedidn’tcometothemeeting.7.Thenews____wewonthegamewasexciting.ThatWhenwhatwhetherwhythatTaskII.名词性从句单复数概念•1.ThatIcanpaybackthehelppeoplegiveme___