中西饮食文化对比

中西饮食文化对比TheComparisonofDietaryCulturebetweenChinaandWesternCountriesAbstract:Duringthecourseofhumandevelopment,everycountryhasshapeditsownspecialdietaryculturegradually.Indifferentplacespeoplehavedifferentdietsanddietaryideasbecauseofdifferentculturesofhistory,language,tradition,andreligion.Justlikeanoldsaying“Oneman’smeatisanotherman’spoison.”Itmeansthatonlywhentheyareintheirlivinginhabits,theycanunderstandtheirdietaryculturebetter.TherearegreatdifferencesbetweenChinaandWestcountriesindietaryconcepts,dietarycontents,anddietarymanners.Basedonthepastresearches,theresearchwillfurtheranalyzethediversitiesofdietaryconcepts,dietarycontents,anddietarymannersbetweenChinaandWesterncountries.ByprobingthedifferencesofdietaryculturebetweenChinaandWesterncountries,wewilltrytoleadpeopletounderstandthedifferencesbettersoastoachievesuccessfulcommunication.Keywords:ChineseandWesterndietarycultures;differences;dietaryconcepts；dietarycontents;dietarymanners摘要：在人类的发展过程中，各国逐渐形成了自己独特的饮食文化。由于不同的历史，语言，传统，和宗教等文化原因，不同的地区便有了不同的饮食和饮食概念。正如有句俗话，“某人之佳肴即他人之毒药。”这就意味着只有当人们生活在自己的文化圈子里时，他们才能更好的理解自己的饮食文化。中西方在饮食观念，饮食内容，饮食方式上有很大的区别。本文将会在过去研究的基础上进一步分析中西方在饮食观念，饮食内容和饮食方式这三方面的多样性。希望通过探讨中西方饮食文化的差异，能够引导人们更好地了解中西方在饮食文化方面的差异以便实现成功的交际。关键词：中西饮食文化；差异；饮食观念；饮食内容；饮食方式ContentsI.Introduction…………………………………………….………………...1II.ResearchReview………………….………….………………………….2A.ConceptsofChinesedietaryculture……………..……..........................3B.Conceptsofwesterndietaryculture……..………..................................3Ⅲ.TheComparisonofDietaryConcepts……….…….…..……….........3A.Extravagancevs.Simplicity………..….……………...…..……….….....3B.Collectivismvs.Individualism……….…..………………………..…......4Ⅳ.TheComparisonofDietaryContents…….……….............................5A.Dietarymaterialsandstructures………..…….………...…………......5B.Specialtyandtastevs.conventionandnutrition…………....….…….......6Ⅴ.TheComparisonofDietarymanners………..….…………..................7A.Chopsticksvs.forkandknife………………………….……………..…7B.Latenessvs.punctuality………….……………………………............8Ⅵ.Conclusion……………………………….…………….…………......9WorksCited……………………………………….………………………10TheComparisonofDietaryCulturebetweenChinaandWesternCountries第1页共10页I.IntroductionThereisanoldsayingthat“Foodiseatingwell-deservedforhumanlife.”Diet,anbasicactionforexistence,isthemaincontentinhumansociallife.Withtimegoingon,dietderivatesadietaryculture.However,seenfromallaspectsofdietindifferentregions,itreflectsacountry’sorarace’sculturespirit.AnoldEnglishsaying,“Oneman’smeatisanotherman’spoison.”whichmeansallhumanbeingsdon’thavethesamedietorformthesamedietaryhabits.ClydeKluckhohn,aworld-famousanthropologist,stateshisopinionlikethis“Whatheeatsisofcourselimitedbyavailability,butisalsopartlyregulatedbyculture”(HuReadings39).Thatis,culturehasinfluenceondiet,onthecontrary,dietformsaspecialdietaryculture.Chinesediethasamorethantwothousandyearslonghistory.Itcreatesinnumerablemagnificentcivilizations.UnderthoseculturalinfluencesChinesediethasshapedeightcuisinegroups.AndChinesecookingmethodiscuriousandsuperb.Dishesonthetablehaveastonishingexquisiteness.Whilesomewesterncountriesoncewerecoloniesandtheirdietaryhabitsweregreatlyaffectedbyothercountries.Theyadaptedothercountries’excellentdietarycontentsandshapedtheirowncomprehensivespeciality.Fromthewholeconditionsoftwoparties,twokindsofdietarycultureshavetwospecialties.Forexample,Chinesedietemphasizestasteandenjoyment,whilewesterndietemphasizesnutritionandliving.Nowadaystheglobalizationisdevelopingfast.Asweallknow,itisabigproblemforpeopletohavedinnerwithforeignersbecauseofculturaldifferences.AccordingtoProfessorHuWenzhong,“Theglobalizationistohelpincreasepeople’scross-culturalawarenesssothatfewerproblemsariseintheirinteractionwithpeopleofanotherculture.Soastodothis,itisnecessarytocompareculturestoestablishsimilaritiesandidentifydifferences”(HuCommunication7).Inordertoprovidesomehelpforcross-culturalcommunicativepeople,thisthesiswillanalyzetheculturaldifferencesfromtheaspectsofconcept,content,andmanners.BytheanalysisofthedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesterndietarycultures,wecancomprehendtherespectiveculturaltraditionsofChinaandthewest.What’smore,wecanleadpeopletounderstandthedifferences,andachievesuccessfulcommunication.TheComparisonofDietaryCulturebetweenChinaandWesternCountries第2页共10页Ⅱ.ResearchReviewTheChineseandwesterndiethavethedifferencesthatcannotbeignoredinconcepts.NobodywilldenythattheWesterndietisarationalconcept,regardlessofthecoloroffood,incense,flavorandshape,butnutritionmustbeassured.Chinesedietisasenseofbeautydiet.Themainstressistheoverallco-ordination.ThebeautyofChinesecuisineisclearlyoverridingtherationalpursuit.ItcontainsawealthofdialecticsofChinesephilosophy,andallthesedependonthedegreeofthewonderfulflavorandharmonyofdish.A.ConceptsofChinesedietarycultureChinesedietaryculture,probablylongerthananyotherdietarytradition,hasalongdocumentedhistory,whichcanbetracedbacktotheancienttimes.ItbeginswiththeQinDynasty(庞杰1).Chinesepeopleareamongthepeopleoftheworldwhohavebeenparticularlypreoccupiedwithfoodandeatingforthesimplereason.Confuc