家用智能电热水器控制器设计

I摘要随着人们生活质量的提高，人们对电热水器的要求越来越趋向于智能化和数字化。其中，电热水器控制器性能的好坏不仅是电热水器性能好坏的体现，更关系到人身安全等重要内容。因此，电热水器控制器的设计是智能电热水器的需要，同时也是电热水器的重要组成部分。论文首先结合当前电热水器的发展现状和发展趋势，介绍了电热水器控制器研究的目的及意义。在确定控制参数的基础上，详细介绍了控制器的各功能组成模块及工作原理。根据电热水器工作原理进行控制器的硬件电路设计和软件设计。最后深入介绍了控制器的调试方法和过程，以及对整个控制器的设计与实现工作进行总结。硬件电路设计中充分利用51单片机的特点，主要对水温控制、水位控制和漏电检测模块进行了详细地分析设计。其中，通过采用自制分段式水位传感器，实现了水位测量的低成本设计；对水温控制进行了完整的理论分析和算法设计，测量精度达到±1℃；通过分析漏电检测原理，在理论计算基础上设计了漏电检测电路。软件部分在硬件平台的基础上实现电热水器的控制工作，包括液晶显示程序、按键扫描程序、水位控制程序、温度控制程序、漏电检测程序以及声音提示程序等。本系统在软硬件设计的基础上，使用了计算机仿真演示。通过计算机仿真，该控制器可以实现对水位控制、温度控制等功能，并能动态监测电热水器工作状况，这也验证了此设计的正确性。【关键词】电热水器漏电检测温度控制水位控制IIAbstractWiththeimprovementofqualityofpeople'slives,people’sdemandforwaterheaterstendtobemoreintelligentanddigital.Amongthem,whethertheelectricwaterheatercontrollerperformanceisgoodornotisnotonlytheembodimentofthewaterheaterperformance,butalsorelatedtopersonalsafetyandotherimportantcontent.Therefore,theelectricwaterheatercontrollerdesignisnotonlytheneedofintelligentwaterheater;butalsoisanimportantpartofelectricwaterheater.Firstlywiththeelectricwaterheaters’currentdevelopmentsituationandtrend,thepurposeandsignificanceoftheelectricwaterheatercontrollerwasintroducedinthispaper.Basedondeterminingthecontrolparameters,thefunctionalcomponentandtheworkingprincipleofthecontrollerwereintroducedindetail.Thecontrollerhardwareandsoftwareweredesignedbyknowingtheworkingprincipleofthewaterheaters.Finally,thepaperdescribedthedebuggingprocessandmethodindetail,thedesignandimplementationofthecontrolsystemalsowassummarized.Fulluseoffeatures51MCUinhardwaredesign,mainlyanalysisthewatertemperaturecontrol,watercontrolandleakagedetectionmoduleindetail.Amongthem,thewatertemperaturecontrolforacompletetheoreticalanalysisandalgorithmdesign,measurementaccuracyof±1℃,throughtheuseofhome-madesub-typelevelsensors,levelmeasurementanddisplaytoachievealow-costdesign.Byanalyzingtheleakagedetectionprinciple,wedesigntheleakagedetectioncircuitbasedonthetheoreticalcalculation.Softwarecomponentscouldcontroltheelectricwaterheatersbasedonthehardwareplatform,whichincludesliquidcrystaldisplayprogram,keyscanner,waterlevelcontrolprocedures,temperaturecontrolprocedures,leakagetestprocedures,andproceduresforvoiceprompts.Thesystemusecomputersimulationshowsbasedonhardwareandsoftwaredesign.Throughcomputersimulation,thecontrollercanrealizethewaterleveldetection,temperaturedetectionandotherfunctions,andcandynamicallymonitortheworkingconditionsofelectricwaterheaters,whichalsoverifiedthecorrectnessofthisdesign.【Keywords】ElectricwaterheaterleakagedetectiontemperaturecontrolwaterlinecontrolIII目录前言....................................................................................................................-1-第一章绪论..........................................................................................................-2-第一节电热水器发展现状及发展趋势..........................................................-2-一、电热水器发展现状................................................................................-2-二、电热水器控制技术历程及趋势............................................................-2-第二节课题研究的目的及意义......................................................................-3-第三节本文研究的主要内容..........................................................................-4-第四节本章小结..............................................................................................-5-第二章系统总体设计..........................................................................................-6-第一节系统概述..............................................................................................-6-第二节硬件总体选型......................................................................................-7-一、主要元器件选型原则............................................................................-7-二、主要元器件选型....................................................................................-7-第三节软件总体设计......................................................................................-8-一、单片机系统资源分配............................................................................-8-二、系统软件总体设计................................................................................-9-第四节本章小结............................................................................................-10-第三章系统实现................................................................................................-11-第一节硬件设计............................................................................................-11-一、电源电路设计......................................................................................-11-二、单片机最小系统电路设计..................................................................-12-三、人机交互电路设计..............................................................................-13-四、水位控制电路设计..............................................................................-14-五、温度控制电路设计..............................................................................-16-六、漏电检测电路设计..............................................................................-17-七、声音提示模块...........................................