Lashcon-IMO-货物绑扎IMO-Lashcon软件及使用说明

LASHCON™IMOUSERGUIDEBYDETNORSKEVERITASVersion:9.0Date:2003-12-081General1.1IntroductionLASHCONTMisaMSEXCELbasedcalculationtoolforevaluationofsemi-andnon-standardisedsecuringarrangements.Theprogramcalculatesaccelerationsandbalanceofforcesinsemi-andnon-standardisedlashingarrangementsinaccordancewithannex13totheCodeofSafePracticeforCargoStowageandSecuring(theCSScode)fromIMO.1.2SystemrequirementsLASHCONTMrequiresMicrosoftWindowsversion3.1orlater,withMicrosoftExcel5.0installed.ResourcesneededtorunMicrosoftExcel5.0aredescribedin“MicrosoftExcelUser’sGuide”.1.3UserrequirementsTheusershouldbefamiliarwithMicrosoftproductssuchasExcelandWord.Thisincludestheuseofmousepointer.NOTE:Thedecimalseparatormaydifferfromtheexamplesgiveninthisbooklet.Normallyeither“.”or“,”isused.2.Userguide2.1Inputsequence1.OnceLASHCONTMhasbeenstarted,thefollowingscreenpicturewillappear:2.InputcellsaremarkedwhiteinLASHCONTM.Notallinputcellsarenecessaryforsuccessfulcomputation.Shipnameandidentificationissolelyforuserreference.Vesselmainparticularsareusedforaccelerationcomputationandmustbefilledinbeforeproceeding.See2.2InputDatafordetails.3.Aftersuccessfulcompletionoftheinputdata,clickonthebutton“NextPage”proceedtothe“Cargoandlashingdatasheet”.Thefollowingpicturewillthenappear:Forhelponinputdata,pressthe“?”buttontotherightoftherespectiveinput.Theinputparametersarethesameasexplainedin“CodeofSafePracticeforCargoStowageandSecuringAnnex13.4.Fillintheinthe“Inputofcargounitdata”field.5.Selectthe“Cargounitstowageposition(verticalandlongitudinal)byusingthedrop-downselectionboxesintheupperrightcornerofthescreen.6.Selectthedesiredmethodofcalculation.-Advancedcalculation,see2.3CalculationMethods-Alternativecalculation,see2.3CalculationMethods7.Givetheapplicablelashingparticulars-MSLoflashing.[kN]-Lashingdirectionfordropdownboxes.-Verticalsecuringangle[deg]-Horizontalsecuringangle[deg](Alternativemethodonly.)-Horizontalsecuringpointdistance[m]8.Calculationresultsareshownintheyellowarea.“Actualforces”istheforcesactingonthecargounitduetothe“Accelerations”atthegivenlashingposition.“Securingcapacity”istheaccumulatedlashingforcesfromappliedlashings.Ifsufficientnumberoflashingsisapplied,compliancewillbeshownby“OK”inredfontstotherightofeachcapacity.9.Accelerationdataforthewholeshipcanbeextractedfromthe“Tablesandgraphs”sheet.Thiscanbeaccessedbyeitherpressingthe“Showgraph”buttonorbypressingthe“Tablesandgraphs”tab.Chartandtableshowingtheaccelerationsalongtheshiplength,basedontheannex13totheIMOCSScode.2.2InputdataMainshipdata:Lpp-Lengthbetweenperpendicularsinmeters[m]B-Shipbreadthinmeters[m]V-Shipspeedinknots[knots]GM-ShipGMvalueinmeters[m]Maincargodata:m-Massofcargounitintonnes[ton]μ-Coefficientoffriction[-]Aw-Windexposedareainsquaremeters.[m2]As-Seaexposedarea,2metersaboveBL,inmeters.[m2]a-Leverarmoftipping,i.e.heightofcargounitCGabovedeck,inmeters.[m]b-Leverarmofstablenessinmeters.[m]PORTSTBDFyTippingaxisaCGbc2Advancedcalculation,lashingparameters:MSL-Maxsecuringload[kN]α-Verticalsecuringangle[degrees]d-Leverarmofsecuringforce[m]Alternativecalculation,lashingparameters:MSL-Maxsecuringload[kN]α-Verticalsecuringangle[degrees]β-Horizontalsecuringangle[degrees]d-Leverarmofsecuringforce[m](SeeAdvancedCalculation,lashingparameters)2.3CalculationmethodsAdvancedcalculationmethodTheadvancedmethodisbasedonforceequilibriumofinternalinertiaforcesandexternallashingforces.Additionally,theriskoftippingisevaluatedonbasisofmomentequilibrium.Forcesduetowind,seaandfrictionareaccountedfor.Elasticcharacteristicsoflashingsarenotincluded.Inadvancedcalculationsonlytheverticalangleoflashings,αααα,isincluded.Calculatedstrengthoflashing,CS,isMSL/1.5.Fordetailedtheoryoutline,pleaserefertoCSS,Annex13.AlternativecalculationmethodThealternativecalculationmethodisbasedonforceequilibriumofinternalinertiaforcesandexternallashingforces.Additionally,theriskoftippingisevaluatedonbasisofmomentequilibrium.Forcesduetowind,seaandfrictionareaccountedfor.Elasticcharacteristicsoflashingsarenotincluded.Thealternativemethodaccountsforboththeverticaloflashings,αααα,andhorizontalangleoflashingββββ.Thealternativemethodapproachisregardedasmoreaccuratethantheadvancedmethod.Hencetheutilizationoflashingstrengthishigher.Calculatedstrengthoflashing,CS,isMSL/1.35.Whichcalculationmethodtochoose?Thealternativecalculationmethodisthemostsophisticatedwithrespecttoforceequilibrium.Hence,theallowableusageoftheMSLisslightlyhigher.Thismethodisthereforerecommended.Itshouldbenotedthatnoneofthecalculationmethodsincludestheelasticpropertiesofthelashings.Itisthereforeimportantthatthecargounitislashedwithlashingsofsametype,withapproximateequalelasticity.Lahingropesandchainsshouldnotbecombined.Itisrecommendedtokeepthelashingsofapproximatelysamelengths.2.4SpecialfeaturesofLashconIMOStackfunction:LASHCONTMoffersthepossibilityofsavingyourresultsinastack.Lashingresults,togetherwithbasicinputissavedinacompactforminatable.Inthisway,theeffectofdifferentlashingarrangementsorstowingpositionscanbecomparedinaneasymanner.Stackbuttons:“Savetostack