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当前位置:首页 > 中学教育 > 初中教育 > Unit-1-Wise-men-in-history知识要点解析
-1-Unit1Wisemeninhistory(1)Date:_______name:_______【知识要点】★必记单词goldenadj.金的;金色的Olympicsn.[pl.]奥运会agreementn.同意;应允potn.罐doubtv.不能肯定;对……没把握realadj.真的;正宗的truthn.真相;实情seemv.好像;似乎solvev.解决;处理fillv.装满;注满bowln.碗;盆braveadj.勇敢的;无畏的metaln.金属certainadj.确定的;肯定的prisonn.监狱;牢狱hitv.(hit,hit)(用手或器具)击;打correctadj.准确无误的;正确的mistaken.错误lessdet.(与不可数名词连用)较少的;更少的★常考短语inancientGreece在古希腊(be)happywith(对某人或事物)满意的=bepleased/satisfiedwithfill…with…用……把……装满thinkabout=consider考虑;思考befilledwith=befullof充满;装满runover溢出asksbforsth向某人要某物one…theother…一个……另一个……sendsbtoprison把某人关进监狱tellthetruth说实话makesure确保;设法保证somethingelse别的东西both…and………和……都……bemadeof+看得见的原材料由……制成bemadefrom+看不见的原材料由……制成bemadeby+sb.被某人制成★课文解析1.Atfirst,hewasveryhappywithit.(1)atfirst起初辨析:atfirst与firstofall-2-AtfirstIdidn'twanttogo,butIsoonchangedmymind.起初我不想去,可是不久我改变了主意。Firstofall,openthewindows,thenturnoffthegas,andifnecessary,callanambulance.首先,打开窗子,然后关掉煤气,如果需要,叫一辆救护车。(2)behappywithsb./sth意为“对某人或事物满意的”,=bepleased/satisfiedwithsb./sthHisteacherishappywithhim.他的老师对他很满意。SheishappywithwhatI'vedone.她对我做的很满意。2.Later,however,hebegantodoubtthatitwasarealgoldencrown.(1)however然而辨析:however与but,二者都有“然而,但是”的意思,其区别如下:however“然而;不过”,比较正式,可以放在分句之首、之中或之尾;其前面或后面要用逗号隔开,如在句中,其前后都要加逗号。It'sraininghard,however,they'restillworkinginthefield.雨下得很大,然而他们仍然在地里干活。but“但是”,表示很明显的对比,转折的意味比however要强,从语序上看,but总是置于引出的分句之首。I'dliketogoswimmingwithyou,butIhavetotidythegardennow.我很想和你一起去游泳,但是我现在必须整理花园。(2)begintodosth.意为“开始做某事”,同义词组为begindoingsth.。WhencanIbegintowork?我什么时候能开始工作呢?WhenIgotthere,thesingerhadalreadybegunsinging.当我到那儿时,歌手已经开始唱歌了。(3)doubt此处用作及物动词,意为“不能肯定,对……无把握”。Hedoubtsthetruthofthenews.他怀疑那件新闻的真实性。Idon'tdoubtthatshe'llcome.她一定来,我不怀疑。【拓展】①doubt用作不及物动词,意为“怀疑”,其后常接of,about。Shedoubtsabouteverything.她对一切都怀疑。atfirst起初;当初相当于atthebeginning,与后来发生的事相对照,其反义词组为atlast(最后,终于)firstofall首先,第一相当于first,表示顺序,是时间上或一系列行动的开始,后面往往接next,then等-3-Hedoubtsofhissuccess.他怀疑他能否成功。②doubt后接宾语从句时,名词从句用if/whether引导,名词从句也可用that引导。Idoubtif/whethershewillkeepherword.我怀疑她是否会遵守诺言。Idon'tdoubtthatwewillwin.我们会获胜是没有疑问的。(4)real形容词,意为“真的,正宗的”,其副词形式为really。Thisisarealdog,notatoy.那是一条真正的狗,不是玩具狗。辨析:real与true3.“Isitmadecompletelyofgold?”hewondered.bemadeof由……制成。辨析:bemadeof与bemadefrom【中考﹒链接】Booksaremadepaperwhilepaperismainlymadewood.A.of;ofB.from;fromC.of;fromD.from;of4.“Thisproblemseemsdifficulttosolve.WhatshouldIdo?”thoughtArchimedes.seem用作连系动词,意为“似乎,好像”,本句中后接形容词作表语,这种用法较常见,可以和seemtobe相互转换。Heseemsveryangry.=Heseemstobeveryangry.他好像非常生气。用作实意动词,可接todosthHeseemstosing.他似乎在唱歌。5.Archimedeswasstillthinkingaboutthisproblemashefilledhisbathwithwater.fill…with…意为“用……把……装满”,其被动语态形式为befilledwith,相当于befullof6.…soI'mcertainthatit'snotcompletelymadeofgold.certain用作形容词,意为“确定的,肯定的”。常用结构:①becertain+从句一定……real强调客观存在,并非想象的或虚构的,即某物外表与实质之间有一致性ChristmasFatherisn'tarealperson.圣诞老人不是真实的人物。true强调事实与实际情况相符,并非杜撰、捏造的,符合一定标准、一定模式Isittruethatheisdead?他死了,是真的吗?bemadeof看得出原材料Thetableismadeofwood.这张桌子是由木头做成的bemadefrom看不出原材料Thewineismadefromgrain.这酒是用粮食酿造的。-4-I'mnotcertainwherehelives.我不敢肯定他住在哪儿。②becertaintodosth.肯定要做某事Heiscertaintofinishthetaskontime.他肯定会按时完成任务。③becertainof/aboutsth.对……确信,有把握We'recertainofsuccess.我们有把握成功。④becertainofdoingsth.有把握做某事Heiscertainofwinningthematch.他确信能赢这场比赛。7.What'swrongwithit?What'swrong(withsb./sth)?是用来询问“某人发生了什么事情或某物出了什么毛病/故障”等最常用的句型之一。其同义句型为:What'sthematte/troublewith...?What'swrongwithyou?你怎么了(出什么事了)?8.That'swhyI'mangry.That'swhy...意为“那就是……的原因”,why引导的是表语从句,用陈述语序。表语从句是在句中作表语的从句,常位于连系动词be,look等的后面。Thealarmclockdidn'tgooff.That'swhyhewaslateforschool.闹钟没有响。那就是他上学迟到的原因。9.HowdidArchimedesdiscoverthetruth?辨析:discover与invent这两个词都用作及物动词,都指人们首先见到新鲜事物,但含义不同。Recentlytheydiscoveredgold.最近他们发现了黄金。Edisoninventedtheelectriclightbulb.爱迪生发明了电灯泡。10.However,Helen,abravewoman,wantedtowatchhersonrun.watchsb.dosth意为“看某人做了某事或经常做某事”,表示看见动作发生、进行的全过程。其中do为省略to的不定式,作宾语补足语。Iwatchedhergooutoftheroomjustnow.刚才我看到她从房间里出来了。【拓展】和watch用法相同的动词(组)还有see,hear,make,feel,notice,lookat等。DidyouhearJackcallyou?你听见杰克叫你了吗?(动作结束)discover发现指发现或偶然发现原本存在的,但一直未被认识或不为人知的东西invent发明指创造发明出新的、原来并不存在的东西注意:Watchsb.doingsth.意为“看某人正在做某事”,表示看见动作正在进行。其中doing为现在分词,作宾语补足语。Hestoppedtowatchusworking.他停下来看我们干活。-5-WeoftenhearthegirlsingEnglishsongs.我们经常挺大了那个女孩唱英文歌曲。(动作经常发生)Iheardthesongwindblowingwhenitwasrainingheavily.下大雨的时候我听见狂风呼啸。(动作正在进行)11.Whenyouhavewrittensomething,youshouldcheckyourworktomakesurethespelling,grammarandpunctuationareallcorrect.(1)makesure意为“确保,设法保证”,后可接宾语从句或of短语。Makesurethattheyknownothingaboutourplan.绝对不能让他们知道我们的计划。Theyscoredanothergoalandmakesureofvictory.他们又进了一个球,这就赢定了。(2)correct此处用作形容词(=right),意为“正确的”,其副词为correctly(正确地)。【拓展】correct用作动词,意为“改正;纠正”correctthemistakes改正错误12.…writewhatkindofmistakeitis…mistake用作可数名词,意为“错误”,常用短语:makeamistake/mistakes犯错;bymistake错误地You'vemadeseveralgrammaticalmistakesinthecomposition.你在作文中犯了几处语法错误。Igotonthewrongbusbymistake.我搭错了公共汽车。【拓展】mistake还可用作动词,意为“弄错,搞错”。常用短语:mistake…for…“把…误认为…”Shedidn'tspeakveryclearly,soImistookwhatshesaid.她说话不是很清楚,所以我误解了她的意思。Heisoftenmistakenforafamousactor.他常常被误认为是个名演员。13.However,noonecouldfindascalelargeenough.①enough此处用作副词,意为“足够地”
本文标题:Unit-1-Wise-men-in-history知识要点解析
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