岩土工程专业英语单词表

专业外语一。综合类1.geotechnicalengineering岩土工程2.foundationengineering基础工程3.soil,earth土4.soilmechanics土力学cyclicloading周期荷载unloading卸载reloading再加载viscoelasticfound粘弹性地基viscousdamping粘滞阻尼shearmodulus剪切模量5.soildynamics土动力学6.stresspath应力路径二．土的分类1.residualsoil残积土groundwaterlevel地下水位2.groundwater地下水groundwatertable地下水位3.clayminerals粘土矿物4.secondaryminerals次生矿物5.landslides滑坡6.boreholecolumnarsection钻孔柱状图7.engineeringgeologicinvestigation工程地质勘察8.boulder漂石9.cobble卵石10.gravel砂石11.gravellysand砾砂12.coarsesand粗砂13.mediumsand中砂14.finesand细砂15.siltysand粉土16.clayeysoil粘性土17.clay粘土18.siltyclay粉质粘土19.silt粉土20.sandysilt砂质粉土21.clayeysilt粘质粉土22.saturatedsoil饱和土23.unsaturatedsoil非饱和土24.fill(soil)填土三．土的基本物理力学性质1.ccCompressionindex2.cuundrainedshearstrength3.cu/p0ratioofundrainedstrengthcutoeffectiveoverburdenstressp0(cu/p0)NC,(cu/p0)ocsubscriptsNCandOCdesignatednormallyconsolidatedandoverconsolidated,respectively4.cvanecohesivestrengthfromvanetest5.e0naturalvoidratio6.Ipplasticityindex7.K0coefficientof“at-rest”pressure,fortotalstressesσ1andσ28.K0’domainforeffectivestressesσ1‘andσ2’9.K0nK0fornormallyconsolidatedstate10.K0uK0coefficientunderrapidcontinuousloading,simulatinginstantaneousloadingoranundrainedcondition11.K0dK0coefficientundercyclicloading(frequencylessthan1Hz),asapseudo-dynamictestforK0coefficient12.kh,kvpermeabilityinhorizontalandverticaldirections,respectively13.Nblowcount,standardpenetrationtest14.OCRover-consolidationratio15.pcpreconsolidationpressure,fromoedemetertest16.p0effectiveoverburdenpressure17.psspecificconepenetrationresistance,fromstaticconetest18.quunconfinedcompressivestrength19.U,Umdegreeofconsolidation,subscriptmdenotesmeanvalueofaspecimen20.u,ub,umporepressure,subscriptsbandmdenotebottomofspecimenandmeanvalue,respectively21.w0wLwpnaturalwatercontent,liquidandplasticlimits,respectively22.σ1,σ2principalstresses,σ1‘andσ2’denoteeffectiveprincipalstresses四．渗透性和渗流1.Darcy’slaw达西定律2.piping管涌3.flowingsoil流土4.sandboiling砂沸5.flownet流网6.seepage渗透（流）7.leakage渗流8.seepage(force)pressure渗透压力9.permeability渗透性10.hydraulicgradient水力梯度11.coefficientofpermeability渗透系数五．地基应力和变形1.softsoil软土2.(negative)skinfrictionofdrivenpile打入桩（负）摩阻力3.effectivestress有效应力totalstress总应力4.fieldvaneshearstrength十字板抗剪强度5.lowactivity低活性6.sensitivity灵敏度7.triaxialtest三轴试验8.foundationdesign基础设计9.recompaction再压缩10.bearingcapacity承载力11.soilmass土体12.contactpressure接触应力13.concentratedload集中荷载14.asemi-infiniteelasticsolid半无限弹性体15.homogeneous均质16.isotropic各向同性17.stripfooting条基18.squarespreadfooting方形独立基础19.underlyingsoil(stratum,strata)下卧层（土）20.deadload=sustainedload恒载持续荷载21.liveload活载22.short–termtransientload短期瞬时荷载23.long-termtransientload长期荷载24.reducedload折算荷载25.settlement沉降deformation变形26.casing套管27.dike=dyke堤（防）28.clayfraction粘粒粒组29.physicalproperties物理性质30.subgrade路基31.well-gradedsoil级配良好土32.poorly-gradedsoil级配不良土33.sieve筛子34.Mohr-Coulombfailurecondition摩尔-库仑破坏条件35.FEM=finiteelementmethod有限元法36.limitequilibriummethod极限平衡法37.porewaterpressure孔隙水压力38.preconsolidationpressure先期固结压力39.modulusofcompressibility压缩模量40.coefficentofcompressibility压缩系数41.compressionindex压缩指数42.swellingindex回弹指数43.geostaticstress自重应力44.additionalstress附加应力45.totalstress总应力46.finalsettlement最终沉降47.slipline滑动线六．基坑开挖与降水1.excavation开挖（挖方）2.dewatering（基坑）降水3.failureoffoundation基坑失稳4.bracingoffoundationpit基坑围护5.bottomheave=basalheave（基坑）底隆起6.retainingwall挡土墙7.pore-pressuredistribution孔压分布8.dewateringmethod降低地下水位法9.wellpointsystem井点系统（轻型）10.deepwellpoint深井点11.vacuumwellpoint真空井点12.bracedcuts支撑围护bracedexcavation支撑开挖bracedsheeting支撑挡板七．深基础deepfoundation1.pilefoundation桩基础1)cast–in-place灌注桩divingcastingcast-in-placepile沉管灌注桩boredpile钻孔桩special-shapedcast-in-placepile机控异型灌注桩pilessetintorock嵌岩灌注桩rammedbulbpile夯扩桩2)belledpierfoundation钻孔墩基础drilled-pierfoundation钻孔扩底墩under-reamedboredpier3)precastconcretepile预制混凝土桩4)steelpile钢桩steelpipepile钢管桩steelsheetpile钢板桩5)prestressedconcretepile预应力混凝土桩prestressedconcretepipepile预应力混凝土管桩2.caissonfoundation沉井（箱）3.diaphragmwall地下连续墙截水墙4.frictionpile摩擦桩end-bearingpile端承桩5.(pile)shaft桩身6.waveequationanalysis波动方程分析7.pilecaps承台（桩帽）8.bearingcapacityofsinglepile单桩承载力9.lateralpileloadtest单桩横向载荷试验10.ultimatelateralresistanceofsinglepile单桩横向极限承载力11.staticloadtestofpile单桩竖向静荷载试验12.verticalallowableloadcapacity单桩竖向容许承载力13.lowpilecap低桩承台14.high-risepilecap高桩承台15.verticalultimateupliftresistanceofsinglepile单桩抗拔极限承载力16.silentpiling静力压桩17.upliftpile抗拔桩18.anti-slidepile抗滑桩19.pilegroups群桩20.efficiencyfactorofpilegroups群桩效率系数（η）21.efficiencyofpilegroups群桩效应22.dynamicpiletesting桩基动测技术23.finalset最后贯入度24.dynamicloadtestofpile桩动荷载试验25.pileintegritytest桩的完整性试验26.pilehead=butt桩头27.piletip=pilepoint=piletoe桩端（头）28.pilespacing桩距29.pileplan桩位布置图30.arrangementofpiles=pilelayout桩的布置31.groupaction群桩作用32.endbearing=tipresistance桩端阻33.skin(side)friction=shaftresistance桩侧阻34.pilecushion桩垫35.piledriving(byvibration)打桩（振动）36.pilepullingtest拔桩试验37.pileshoe桩靴38.pilenoise打桩噪音39.pilerig打桩机八．地基处理（groundtreatment）1.technicalcodeforgroundtreatmentofbuilding建筑地基处理技术规范2.cushion垫层法3.preloading预压法4.dynamic