技术创新的市场制度比较

©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:(1968-),,()200314(4)JournalofNanjingAgriculturalUniversity(SocialSciencesEdition)(,210095):,,,,,,,,:;;:F124:A:16717465(2003)04006207,:,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,19451989,27[4](P134)2090,,,,1998,HIB6,20,[4](P134),,21,,,:,,,,7,,,,,70%,30%,(19966%),(199640%),(199649%)(1)46()©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(%)[5](p.155)\61510402724-2742492015511990%,1.2%,63%,98.8%37%,,62.9%,1971,18.8%([]:198526),,,,,,,,,,,,,,70,49%28%,198120%(1979),,,199060,1999400,,,,(R&D)(GNP),19300.2%19973.2%,,,,,19951786,19961843,1999225060%,564:©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[4](P59),,,,R&D,,,1995,R&D20.5%,72.2%,R&D52.5%,34.5%,10%,R&D,,,(GDP)2%3%,R&D,77%,1900,19988,199719968%,,,19972000,,200017,,,GDP2%3%,,GDP,,,,,50%-70%,60%70%,,,,,,,40,50%,,,,,1,66()©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:(2002),,,,,19871,,1991,1993,1992-199612%,,11.8%9.9%,9.3%7.8%[6](P60),19904000,7000,,,,,,,,,,,764:©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[][1].[M].:,1995.[2][],.[M].:,2002.[3].[M].:,2000.[4].[M].:,2002.[5].[M].:,2002.[6][Z].1997,(10).[7],.90[J].,2000(3).InternationalcomparisonsoftechnologyinnovationmarketsystemXUHuai2fu(CollegeofEconomicsandTrade,NanjingAgriculturalUniversity,Nanjing,China,210095)Abstract:Practicesofdevelopedcountriesshowthatsystemarrangementplaysakeyroleintech2nologyinnovation.Agoodsystemarrangementcouldmobilizetheenthusiasmoftechnologyinnovationtothelargestextent,allocateresourcestothebesteffect,enabletheprincipalpartoftechnologyinno2vationtogainthemaximumincomeandacceleratetechnologyinnovation.TechnologyinnovationsystemofsomecountriessuchastheU.S.,Germany,Japanarecomparedtothrowlightonourtechnologyinnovationarrangements.Keywords:technologyinnovation;systemarrangement;comparison86()