完形填空中的一词多义和搭配

2009年高考完型填空AlfredNobelbecameamillionaireandchangedthewaysofmining，construction，andwarfareastheinventorofdynamite（炸药）.OnApril12，1888，Alfred'sbrotherLudwigdiedofheartattack.AmajorFrenchnewspaper21mistookhisbrotherforhimandcarriedanarticle22announcingthedeathofAlfredNobel.“Themerchantofdeathisdead.”Thearticleread.“Dr.AlfredNobel，whobecame23richbyfindingwaystokillmorepeoplefasterthaneverbefore，diedyesterday.”Nobelwas24upsettofindout68%89.5%notthathehaddied，butthat，whenhistimewasup，hewouldbethoughtofonlyasonewhoprofitedfrom25deathanddestruction.Tomakesurethathewas26rememberedwithloveandrespect.Nobelarrangedinhis27willtogivethelargestpartofhismoneyto28establishtheNobelprizes，whichwouldbeawardedtopeoplewhomadegreat29contributionstothecausesofpeace，literature，andthesciences.So30basically，Nobelhadtodiebeforeherealizedwhathislifewasreallyabout.2009年高考完型填空68.4%76.3%94.7%will:E.g.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.e.g.Hashemadeawillyet?e.g.Thingsturnedouttobeagainsthiswill.①意志②遗嘱③意愿cause:n.e.g.Whatwasthecauseoftheaccident?e.g.Youhavenocausetocomplain.e.g.Worldpeaceisacauseweshouldallworkfor.争取世界和平是一项我们都应该为之而努力的事业。①起因②理由③目标,理想,事业cause:vt.①causesb.todosth.e.g..Whatcausedhimtoquithisjob?是什么原因使他辞职的?②causesb.trouble/problems/inconveniencee.g..I'mafraidI'mcausingyoumuchtrouble.我怕给你增添很多麻烦。导致；使发生polysemy(一词多义)Awordhasmorethanonemeaningoutofcontext(themeaningsarerelatedtooneanother)e.g..A：Doyouknowwhathappenstoliarswhentheydie?B：Yes,sir.Theyliestill.A:你知道说谎的人死的时候会怎样吗?B:我知道。他们依然撒谎/躺在那儿一动不动。①Wetakejobstostayaliveandprovidehomesforourfamiliesalwaysmakingourselvesbelievethatthisstyleoflifeismerelyatemporarystateofaffairsalongtheroadtowhatwereallywanttodo.(2006年广东阅读D篇)②Youcanaddasmanyusersasyouwant,provided/providingtheyeachhaveaWindowsaccount.(2007年完型填空)1.provide提供；供应；供给只要；以......为条件；假如①Thehotelprovidesashoe-cleaningservice___guests.②Theprojectisdesignedtoprovideyoungpeople____work.③________wemeetourprofittargets,wewilldonateonemilliondollarstocharity1.providev.&conj.forwithProvided2.account①Youcanaddasmanyusersasyouwant,providedtheyeachhaveaWindowsaccount.(2007年完型填空)②TheissuehereisnottheaccuracyofTolstoy’sdescription--itseemsnotthatfarofffromhistoricalaccountsbuthischoiceoffacts：otherthingsthatcouldbesaidofthemanarenotsaid.(2008阅读C篇)帐户描述；叙述；2.account①Inthemagazine,CookgivesacolorfulaccountofhisfirstmeetingwithHamilton.②Canyouchargethistomyaccountplease?③Afro-Americansaccountfor12%oftheUSpopulation.④Recentpressureatworkmayaccountforhisbehavior.⑤Thesefiguresdonottakeaccountofchangesintherateofinflation(通货膨胀).描述；叙述帐户占…比例解释考虑3.course①Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir39(natural)course..（2008语法填空）②openuniversitycourse(2005听力获取信息)③attendingsummercourses(2006年听力)④Don’ttaketoomanycourses(2008听力)过程；方式课程3.courseduring/in/throughout/overthecourseofsomething①Duringthecourseofourconversation,itemergedthatBobhadbeeninprison.②Theshipwasblownoffcourse.③Theplanechangedcoursetoavoidthestorm.④Theticketincludesentryandafour-coursemeal.过程；进程航向一道菜4.state①Wetakejobstostayaliveandprovidehomesforourfamiliesalwaysmakingourselvesbelievethatthisstyleoflifeismerelyatemporarystateofaffairsalongtheroadtowhatwereallywanttodo.(2006年广东阅读D篇)状态,状况4.state①Allmattershavethreestates:solid;liquidandgas.②Whenweboughtthehouse,itwasinaterriblestate.③QueenslandisoneofthestatesofAustralia.④WhichpartoftheStateswouldyousuggestIvisit?⑤Thereceiptclearlystatesthatrefundsarenotallowed.⑥Thewitnessstatedthathehadnotseenthewomanbefore.规定州;邦状态,状况陈述;敘述美国5.term①InasceneinBookThreeofWarandPeace,thewarshavingreachedthecriticalyearof1812,NapoleonreceivesarepresentativefromtheTsar(沙皇),whohascomewithpeaceterms.(2008阅读C篇)②He,nottheTsar,istheonetomaketheterms.③MostlyborrowedfromEnglishandChinese,thesetermsareoftenchangedintoformsnolongerunderstoodbynativespeakers.（NMET2003.D篇）这些术语，主要从英语和汉语引入，经常会变成不再被说本族语的人们理解的形式。条款术语;字眼5.term①It’samistaketothinkofFloridaonlyintermsofitstouristattractions.②Manylegaltermshavemorethanonemeaning.③Itwashewhocoined(=invented)theterm.④ItwasalwaysclearthatSchmidt'sthirdterminofficewouldproveadifficultone.⑤Weweresoononfirst-nameterms.⑥Weareongoodtermswithallourneighbours.从…方面来说；就…而言术语任期关系6.charge①Becausetheideaofriskalsocarrieswithitthepossibilityoffailure,manyofususuallywaitforotherstotakecharge.(2005广东阅读B篇)②Sayastoreclerkfailstochargeusforanitem.(2007年阅读B篇)③Ontheotherhand,ifwetelltheclerkabouttheunchargeditem,theclerkwouldbegratefulandthankusforourhonesty.(2007年阅读B篇)④WhateverdepartmentintheAussiegovernmentinchargeofsuchthingsisnowmovingtomakethepracticeillegal,which…(2009年广东任务型写作文章)负起责任；挺身而出收费负责6.charge①Thechildrenwereleftinthechargeofanurse.②Leavethebatteryonchargeallnight.③Heappearedincourtonamurdercharge.④Anadditionalchargeof15%willbeaddedtoyourbillforservice.⑤Thegallerychargesanentrancefee.⑥Wilsonchargedthedrinkstohisroom.⑦Gibbonshasbeenchargedwithmurder.⑧Theboyschargednoisilyintothewater.⑨Thebearchargedtowardsheratfullspeed.有某人照料向……方向冲去把…记在帐上收费指控充电向…袭击;扑向7.given①Candidateswillhavetogiveapresentationonagiventopic.②TheDirectorwastheonlyonewhowascalledbyan