高中阶段常见英语同义近义表达

1高中阶段常见英语同义/近义表达在课堂上，英语老师总是不厌其烦地告诉同学们可用A单词或短语来代替B单词或短语之类的语言知识。一些同学很容易有厌烦心理，觉得掌握一个意思的一种表达就足够了。这种想偷懒的心态可不对，因为在英语学习中，掌握一个意思的多种表达非常重要，其作用主要体现在以下方面：1.在阅读理解中，题干或选项通常不会照搬原文原话，而是对其进行同义或近义替换。掌握一个意思的多种表达，是迅速定位出解题依据，准确判断选项说法与原文说法是否一致的重要前提。请看这一道阅读理解题：例1：FarmlandinAfrica________.A.isoftensmallinsizeB.canproducemorethanenoughcropsforAfricansC.isshortofimportantnutrientsD.hasgottheattentionofscientistsaroundtheworld根据文中这一句话“StudiesshowfarmlandinAfricaisoftenlackinginimportantnutrients.”可选出正确答案C。C选项中，使用了beshortof…对原文的belackingin…进行了同义替换。2.表达多样化是优秀的书面表达的要求。英文写作中讳忌重复。写作时，应尽量避免上下文重复，使用多样的表达。请看这一篇书面表达的范文片段：例2：I'mwritingtoapologizefornotbeingabletotakeatriptoBeijingwithyounextweekendasweplannedbeforehand…Again,IwanttoexpressmysincereapologyforalltheinconvenienceIhavecaused.下文用了expressone’sapologyfor…代替上文的apologizefor…避免行文重复。一、动词短语1.achieveagoal达到目标=reachagoal2.attractone’sattention吸引某人的注意力=drawone’sattention=catchone’sattention3.beawareof…意识到=beconsciousof…4.bebasedon...以……为基础、依据=befoundedon...5.bebeneficialto…对……有益处=beofbenefitto…26.beconcernedabout…担心，烦恼=beworriedabout…7.beconcernedwith…关系到，关于=beabout…8.befilledwith…充满，挤满=befullof…9.befondof...喜欢=like10.beintendedtodosth为了做某事=bemeanttodosth11.besatisfiedwith…对……感到满意的=becontentwith…12.beshortof…缺乏=lack…=belackingin…13.betiredof…对……感到厌倦=beboredwith…=befedupwith…14.beusedto…习惯于=beaccustomedto…15.burstintolaughter突然大笑起来=burstoutlaughing16.burstintotears突然大哭起来=burstoutcrying17.datebackto…追溯到；起源于=datefrom…18.callsbup打电话给某人=ringsbup=callsbonthephone=phonesb=givesbacall=givesbaring19.comeabout发生=happen20.comeacross…偶然遇到=meetwith…=runinto…21.consistof…由……组成/构成=bemadeupof…22.consult查阅=referto323.dependon…依靠=relyon…=counton…24.determinetodosth下定决心做某事=makeupone’smindtodosth25.drawaconclusion得出结论=arriveataconclusion=cometoaconclusion=reachaconclusion26.earnone’sliving谋生=makeone’sliving27.deliveraspeech做演讲=makeaspeech28.fixone’sattentiononsth将注意力集中于……=focusone’sattentiononsth=beabsorbedin…=beburiedin…29.giveriseto…导致，引起=cause30.gettoone’sfeet站起来=risetoone’sfeet=standup31.gothrough经历=experience32.harm损害，危害=doharmto…=beharmfulto…33.haveagoodtime玩得开心=havefun=enjoyoneself34.keepone’spromise履行承诺=keepone’sword35.lookafter…照顾=takecareof…=carefor36.loseone’shearttosb爱上某人=fallinlovewithsb37.makecertain弄清楚，弄明白=makesure38.observe庆祝=celebrate39.oppose反对=beopposedto…=beagainst…440.playarolein…在……扮演角色，在……起作用=playapartin…41.playjokeson…戏弄；开玩笑=playtrickson…=makefunof…42.preventsb(from)doingsth阻止某人某某事=keepsbfromdoingsth=stopsb(from)doingsth43.realizeone’sdream实现某人的梦想=makeone’sdreamcometrue44.reserve预定=book45.searchfor寻找=lookfor46.setdown写下，记下=writedown=putdown=takedown47.setaboutdoingsth开始做某事=setouttodosth48.represent象征=standfor=symbolize49.takesthintoaccount考虑，顾及=takesthintoconsideration50.watchoutforsth注意，小心=lookoutforsth二、名词1.baggage行李=luggage2.humanrace人类=humanbeing(s)=mankind3.present礼物=gift4.touristattraction旅游胜地=scenicspot5三、形容词1.considerate体贴的，周到的=thoughtful2.invaluable无价的=priceless3.valueless没有价值的=worthless四、副词1.besides此外=inaddition2.furthermore而且，此外=moreover=what’smore3.meanwhile（在此）期间，（与此）同时=inthemeanwhile=inthemeantime=atthesametime五、介词1.atpresent现在=now2.becauseof…因为，由于=dueto…=owingto…3.beforelong很快=soon4.bychance偶然地，意外地=byaccident5.despite尽管，虽然=inspiteof=regardlessof6.everyotherday每隔一天=everytwodays=everysecondday7.freeofcharge免费=forfree8.inadvance提前=aheadoftime=aheadofschedule9.intheend最后，终于6=finally=atlast10.onpurpose故意，有意=bydesign=deliberately11.ontime按时=punctually12.tomakemattersworse更糟糕的是=what’sworse=worsestill六、连词短语1.aslongas…只要=solongas…=ontheconditionthat…=providedthat…2.evenif即使，即便=eventhough3.asif好像，似乎=asthough