Modern-American-Literature分析

TheModernPeriodofAmericanliterature1918-1945ModernAmericanLiteratureAmericanliteratureafterWorldWarIAmericanLiteraturebetweenWorldWarIandII(1914——1945)Modernism（现代主义）•appearedafterWorldWarI•cuttingoffhistoryandasenseofdespairandloss•refusingtoacceptthetraditionalconceptofvalueandalltraditionalideologicalinfluencesFeaturesorchangesoftheperiod1,Increasingindustrialization2,Deepeningurbanization3,Highspeeddevelopmentoftechnologyandscience4,Traumaofthefirstworldwar5,1930seconomicdepression6,Collapseofsocialvaluesystem7,Droppingmoralstandards8,Commondepression,fear,senseoflossFeaturesoftheworksFreud’spsychoanalysis,WilliamJamesstreamofconsciousnesstheoryandarchetypalsymbolhadgreatimpactonthewritersofmodernAmericanwriters.Theypayspecialattentiontotheinnerworldofthepeople,duringthisperiod,themostcompellingliteraturemovementisthewriter’sselfexile,alsoknownasthesecondAmericanrenaissance特征：美国现代主义文学不再以塑造人物性格为核心，以情节为主的结构框架，而是以非连续性的结构，碎片式的描写，高度实验性的语言为其基本特征，以表达与传统的决裂。美国现代主义文学的特征也体现在对“人”这一概念的诠释上，通过注重人性的丑恶面，阐述人物的非英雄化本质，以及内心世界的混乱无序，呈现出一幅病态的物质世界里生活着一群病态的人的画面。美国现代主义文学还体现在对意识流的成熟运用上，其实质上是突破了传统现实文学的时空结构，从根本上否定事件，思维发展的连贯性和因果关系。ModernAmericanLiteratureAmericanLiteraturebetweenWorldWarIandII(1914——1945)poets(imagists)意象派诗人whosepoemsfocusonstrong,concreteimages•EzraPound（伊兹拉.庞德）——thebeginneroftheImagists•T.S.Eliot（艾略特）dominatedtheModernisminpoetryTheWasteLand《荒原》(1922)•RobertFrost（罗伯特.弗罗斯特）oneoftheundisputedmastersofmodernAmericanpoetrythebestknownandthemostwelcomeoftheNewEnglandpoetsNorthofBoston《波士顿以北》(1914)AmericanLiteraturebetweenWorldWarIandII(1914——1945)ModernAmericanLiteraturepoets(imagists)意象派诗人E.E.Cummings（肯明斯）WallaceStevens（华莱士.史蒂文斯）WilliamCarlos（威廉.卡洛斯）theforerunnerofconcretepoetry（具像诗）andvisualpoetry（视觉诗歌）ModernAmericanLiteratureAmericanLiteraturebetweenWorldWarIandII(1914——1945)novelists——theLostGeneration“迷惘的一代”(1920s)thenovelistswhoproducedaliteratureofdisillusionmentintheaftermathofWorldWarI,andsomeofthemlivedabroad.•usedtheirwartimeexperienceasthebasisfortheirworks•werecutofffromoldvaluesyetunabletocometotermswiththenewera•wonderedpointlesslyandrestlessly•werefrustratedbythewar•spokesman——HemingwayModernAmericanLiteratureAmericanLiteraturebetweenWorldWarIandII(1914——1945)novelists——theLostGeneration“迷惘的一代”(1920s)•ErnestHemingway（欧内斯特.海明威）•oneofthegreatestAmericanwritersinthe20thcentury•NobelPrizewinnerforliterature(1954)TheSunAlsoRises《太阳照常升起》(1923)AFarewelltoArms《永别了，武器》(1929)ForWhomtheBellTolls《丧钟为谁而鸣》（1940）TheOldManandtheSea《老人与海》（1952）•F.ScottFitzgerald（斯科特.菲兹杰拉德）capturedtherestless,pleasure-hungry,defiantmoodofthe1920sModernAmericanLiteratureAmericanLiteraturebetweenWorldWarIandII(1914——1945)novelists——theLostGeneration“迷惘的一代”(1920s)TheGreatGatsby《了不起的盖茨比》（1925）TenderIstheNight《夜色温柔》（1934）ModernAmericanLiteratureAmericanLiteraturebetweenWorldWarIandII(1914——1945)novelists——theLostGeneration“迷惘的一代”(1920s)•WilliamFaulkner（威廉.福克纳）•oneofthemostimportantAmericannovelistsofthe20thcentury•NobelPrizewinnerforliterature(1949)TheSoundandtheFury《喧哗与骚动》(1929)LightinAugust《八月之光》(1932)ModernAmericanLiteratureAmericanLiteraturebetweenWorldWarIandII(1914——1945)theLostGenerationJazzEra（爵士年代）Americanliteratureofthe1920sModernAmericanLiteratureAmericanLiteraturebetweenWorldWarIandII(1914——1945)novelists(1930s)•JohnSteinbeck（约翰.斯坦贝克）•MargaretMitchell（玛格丽特.米切尔）TheGrapesofWrath《愤怒的葡萄》(1939)GonewiththeWind《飘》/《乱世佳人》(1936)——historicalfictionModernAmericanLiteratureAmericanLiteraturebetweenWorldWarIandII(1914——1945)dramaEugeneO’Neill（尤金.奥尼尔）•themostfamousplaywrightinAmerica•leadingdramatist•theNobelPrizewinnerforliterature(1936)DesireUndertheElms《榆树下的欲望》(1924)MourningBecomesElectra《悲悼》(1931)TheIcemanCometh《卖冰的人来了》(1939)LongDay’sJourneyintoNight《长夜漫漫路迢迢》(1940)