框架结构中学教学楼毕业设计计算书

四川理工学院毕业设计摘要在实际工程中，钢筋混凝土框架结构是一种较为普遍结构形式，广泛应用于住宅、办公、学校等公共建筑。本设计主要对多层框架教学楼的横向框架进行了设计。在进行设计时首先查《荷载规范》对结构的恒载、活载、风荷载以及地震荷载进行计算。竖向荷载利用分层法、水平荷载利用D值法进而得到各种作用下结构各杆件的内力标准值。然后按照最不利组合方式，对各种作用下的内力进行组合。最后在组合中找出各杆件最不利的一组或几组对构件进行截面设计，选取最安全的结果进行配筋并绘出施工图。本设计还对基础、楼板、楼梯等进行了设计，并绘出了结构施工图。除对本框架进行手算外，还利用了PKPM对本结构进行了电算。通过本次毕业设计并充分结合我四年来学到的基本知识使我了解了框架结构设计的全过程，达到了从理论到实践的飞跃。同时通过设计中使用的建筑方面的规范和软件，使我更加熟悉了规范和软件的使用操作，为我以后工作打下了良好的基础。关键字：框架结构；荷载；分层法；D值法四川理工学院毕业设计AbstractInpracticalengineering,thereinforcedconcreteframestructurehasbeenacommonstructuralformowingtotheirsuccessfulapplicationsinmanyareassuchasresidence,office,schoolsandotherpublicbuildings.Thisthesisisaimedatthedesignfortransverseframeofteachingbuildingswithmultistoryframe.First,deadloads,liveloads,windloadandseismicloadofthestructurearecomputedreferringto“LoadStandards”.Thenthestandardvaluesofeachmembersofstructureunderhorizontalloadandverticalloadcanbeobtainedbyusingstratificationmethodand“D”methodrespectively.Next,theinternalforcesundervariousloadarecombinedaccordingtothemostunfavorablecombinationmode.Finally,themostunfavorableoneorseveralonesintheabovecombinationstorealizesectiondesignformembersisfound.Inthisway,thesafestresultstoreinforceischosenandWorkingDrawingisPainted.thebasement,thefloorandthestairsarealsodesignedandstructuralworkingdrawingarepaintedinthisthesis.Moreover,thestructurecomputerizationisshownviaemployingPKPM.Thankstothisgraduationdesign,andcombiningwithknowledgeI’velearnedinthepastfouryears,Imastertheentireprocessofthedesignforframestructure,andrealizetheleapfromtheorytopractice.Meanwhile,Ibecomemorefamiliarwiththestandardsandoperationsofrelativesoftwaresthanbefore.Allthesehavebuiltagoodfoundationformyfuturework.Keywords:framestructure;load;stratification;“D”method四川理工学院毕业设计目录前言..............................................................1第一部分建筑设计...................................................21.1建设项目名称及概况.............................................21.2建筑地点.......................................................21.3设计资料.......................................................21.4建筑要求.......................................................2第二部分：结构设计..................................................32.1柱网布置.......................................................32.2主要构件材料及尺寸估算.........................................32.2.1主要构件材料...............................................32.2.2主要构件的截面尺寸.........................................32.3框架结构计算简图和结构平面布置图...............................4第三部分楼板设计...................................................53.1屋面和楼面板的荷载计算.........................................53.2楼板计算.......................................................63.2.1标准层楼板计算.............................................73.2.2屋面板计算.................................................9第四部分次梁计算..................................................114.1荷载计算......................................................114.2次梁计算......................................................114.2.1弯矩计算..................................................114.2.2剪力计算..................................................124.3.截面设计......................................................12第五部分竖向荷载作用下框架结构的内力计算..........................145.1横向框架计算单元..............................................145.2梁、柱线刚度计算..............................................145.3.恒载荷载计算..................................................155.3.1线荷载....................................................155.3.2集中荷载..................................................165.3.3集中荷载引起的偏心弯矩M...................................18四川理工学院毕业设计5.3.4屋面层梁上作用的恒载......................................195.3.5楼面层梁上作用的恒载......................................205.4恒载内力计算..................................................205.5活载荷载计算..................................................275.5.1线荷载....................................................275.5.2集中荷载..................................................275.5.3集中荷载引起的偏心弯矩M...................................284.5.4屋面层梁上作用的活载......................................295.5.5楼面层梁上作用的活载......................................305.6活载内力计算..................................................305.7竖向荷载作用下梁、柱内力计算..................................37第六部分横向荷载作用下框架结构的内力计算..........................436.1风荷载作用楼层剪力的计算......................................436.2梁、柱线刚度计算..............................................436.3框架柱的侧移刚度D值计算......................................436.4风荷载作用下的位移验算及内力计算..............................456.5水平地震作用下的内力计算......................................486.5.1各层柱、梁、板重力荷载....................................486.5.2.各层墙自重标准值计算......................................496.5.3各层（各质点）自重标准值计算..............................516.6重力荷载代表值计算............................................516.7等效总重力荷载代表值计算......................................516.8等效总重力荷载代表值计算......................................516.9横向自振周期计算..............................................526.9.1结构顶点的假想侧移计算....................................526.10水平地震作用及楼层地震剪力的计算.........................