[英语学习]9-Robert-Frost

RobertFrost1874--1963TeachingPlan1.IntroductiontoFrost2.MendingWall3.TheRoadNotTaken4.StoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEveningFrost’sideaaboutpoetry-writingAllpoetryisareproductionofthetonesofactualspeech.Acompletepoemisonewhereanemotionhasfounditsthoughtandthethoughthasfoundthewords.“I’malwayssayingsomethingthat’sjusttheedgeofsomethingmore…”StylisticFeaturesofRobertFrost’sPoetryRegionalmaterialsanduniversalmeanings;AteasingindirectnessandtheuseofmetaphorDramaticelements(monologue,dialogue;CharactersandConflict)AdistinctivetonalqualityAmbiguityanduncertaintyMendingWall1.Howmanycharactersarethereinthepoem?Whoarethey?Whatisthecentralissueinthepoem?2.“Somethingthereisthatdoesn’tloveawall,”Whatisit?“Theworkofhuntersisanotherthing”,Whatdoesthislinesuggest?3.Howdoesthespeaker’sattitudetowardsthewallcomparewithhisneighbor’s?PresentationOneMendingWallWhatkindofdarknesssurroundshisneighbor?Andwhydoesthenarratorcomparehisneighbortoasavage?Whatdothespeakerandhisneighborrepresentrespectively?MendingWall1.Aliberal,internationalattitude2.Afriendly,cooperativebrotherhoodofhumanity1.Old-fashionedconservativenationalism2.Aprimitiveman’smistrustofhisfellowmenTheRoadNotTaken1.Whatarethesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthetworoads?Whatdoesthisrepresent?2.Whatdoesthenarrator’schoiceindicateabouthistraits?3.Doesthespeakerthinkhemadethewrongchoice?Whyorwhynot?Howishisattituderelatedtothetitle?PresentationTwoIntroductionTheRoadnotTakenwasincludedinMountainInterval(1916).ItisoneofFrost’smostbelovedpoems,oneofthosepoemseveryschoolchildreads.Itisacomfortingpoem,becauseitseemssoclearandeasytoread.Butthereareamultitudeofmeaningshiddenbelowthesurface.JustasFrosthimselfsaid:“Youhavetobecarefulofthatone(TheRoadnotTaken),it’satrickpoem-verytricky.”1.Tworoadsdivergedinayellowwood,a2.AndsorryIcouldnottravelbothb3.Andbeonetraveler,longIstooda4.AndlookeddownoneasfarasIcoulda5.Towhereitbentintheundergrowth;b6.Thentooktheother,asjustasfair,c7.Andhavingperhapsthebetterclaim,d8.Becauseitwasgrassyandwantedwear;c9.Thoughasforthat,thepassingtherec10.Hadwornthemreallyaboutthesame,d11.Andboththatmorningequallylaye12.Inleavesnofeethadtroddenblack.f13.Oh,Ikeptthefirstforanotherday!e14.Yetknowinghowwayleadsontoway,e15.IdoubtedifIshouldevercomeback.f16.Ishallbetellingthiswithasighg17.Somewhereagesandageshence:h18.Tworoadsdivergedinawood,andI--g19.Itooktheonelesstraveledby,g20.Andthathasmadeallthedifference.hThefirststanza:1.Tworoadsdivergedinayellowwood,2.AndsorryIcouldnottravelboth3.Andbeonetraveler,longIstood4.AndlookeddownoneasfarasIcould5.Towhereitbentintheundergrowth;Onanautumnday,thespeakermetwithachoiceofroadsinaforest.Althoughhewantedsomuchtotrybothroads,hehadtochooseoneonly,sohestoodtherelookingdownattheroadsforalongtimeandtryingtomakehisdecisionaboutwhichroadtotake.Inline5,thebendintheroadandtheundergrowthstandfortheunknownaspectsofhisfuturejourney.Thesecondstanza:6.Thentooktheother,asjustasfair,7.Andhavingperhapsthebetterclaim,8.Becauseitwasgrassyandwantedwear;9.Thoughasforthat,thepassingthere10.Hadwornthemreallyaboutthesame,Hestatesthatbothroadsseemedequallynicetoatraveler.Hedecidedtotaketheotherroadwhichseemedtohavelesstrafficthanthefirst.Butthenherealizedthattheywere“reallyaboutthesame.”Lines9-10undercutthemeaningofline8,andindicatethatoneroadcouldn’tpossiblybesaidtohavebeen“lesstraveledby”.Whydoesheinitiallydescribetheroadhetookasless-traveledandthenimmediatelycontradicthimself?Thethirdstanza:11.Andboththatmorningequallylay12.Inleavesnofeethadtroddenblack.13.Oh,Ikeptthefirstforanotherday!14.Yetknowinghowwayleadsontoway,15.IdoubtedifIshouldevercomeback.Henoticedthattheybothhadnotbeenwalkedonthatmorning.Heconsoledhimselfbysayingthathewouldtakethefirstroadonanotherday.Butheknewclearlythatwayswouldleadontoways,andhewouldneverhavesuchanopportunity.Thisreinforcestheideainthefirststanzaaboutbeingsorrythathecouldnottravelboth.Thefourthstanza:IshallbetellingthiswithasighSomewhereagesandageshence:Tworoadsdivergedinawood,andI--Itooktheonelesstraveledby,Andthathasmadeallthedifference.Thespeakerthinksthatwhenherecallsthisdecision-makingmanyyearslater,hewillgiveasighbecausehepredictsthatinthefuturehewillclaimthatthechoicethathemadeearlierwillhavebroughthimacompletelydifferentlifeexperience.Andwhatemotionsdoes“asigh”imply?Asigh:anexpressionofbothregretandrelief1.Thetravelerregretshavingleftthepossibilitiesoftheroadnotchosenbehind.Therepetitionof“I”implieshesitationanddisappointment.2.Thespeakerisgladthathetookthesecondroadandthisdecisionhasmadehislifedifferentfromthatofmanyotherpeople.Andthismayimplythatheisproudofhisdecision.TheRoadNotTaken”isclearlymetaphorical.It'smetaphoricalinthatthespeaker'ssituation,boththedecisionitselfandtherecollectionofitsconsequences,representsauniversalhumancondition.WhenFrostwasnearly40yearsold,hehadn’tpublishedasinglebookofpoemsandhadhadjustafewpublishedinmagazines.SothispoemmaybereflectFrost’sideaabouthislifeashewaslookingbackonhiscareerasapoet.Hemaythinkthatbytaking“theroadlesstraveledby”(writingpoems),