1[1].-五柳译文

1五柳先生传陶渊明先生不知何许人也，亦不详其姓字,宅边有五柳树，因以为号焉。闲静少言，不慕荣利。好读书，不求甚解；每有会意，便欣然忘食。性嗜酒，家贫,不能常得。亲旧知其如此，或置酒而招之；造饮辄尽，期在必醉。既醉而退，曾不吝情去留。环堵萧然，不蔽风日；短褐穿结，箪瓢屡空，晏如也。常著文章自娱，颇示己志。忘怀得失，以此自终。赞曰：黔娄之妻有言：“不戚戚于贫贱，不汲汲于富贵。”其言兹若人之俦乎？衔觞赋诗，以乐其志。无怀氏之民欤？葛天氏之民欤？译文1.Mr.WuLiu’sBiographyItisunknownwherethisgentlemancomesfromandwhathisnameis.Astherearefivewillowsbyhiscottage,hecallshimselfWuLiu(fivepronouncedwuinChinese,andwillowliu---trans.).Heis,bynature,aquietandreticentman,uninterestedinfameandfortune.Hetakesdelightinreading,buthedoesnotbothermuchaboutminordetailsashereads;whenheawakenstosomeunderstanding,hesorejoicesthatheforgetshismeals.Thoughheisfondofdrinking,hecannotaffordtodrinkasoftenashewishesowingtodomesticcircumstances.Hisrelativesandfriends,awareofhisplight,willinvitehimoverforadrinkfromtimetotime.Hewillgoanddrinkasmuchastogettipsy.Beingtipsy,hefranklytakesleaveofhishost,notcaringwhattheythink.Hissmallcottagewithitsdilapidatedwallscanhardlyprovideshelterfromweather.Hisshortcoatofcoarseclothispatchedoverandover,andheoftenfindshimselfwithoutenoughfoodtoeatand,yet,hetakesitphilosophically.Hetakestowritingandhewritesforpleasureandexpressionofhiswill.Hewishestolivetherestofhislifebyputtingoutofhismindworldlyworriesaboutgainsorlosses.Asupplementaryremark:theancientscholarQianLou’swifeoncesaidofherhusband:“Heisnotworriedaboutpovertyandinferiority,nordesirousoffortuneandrank.”AcarefulinterpretationofthisremarkshowsthatthisQianLouwasthelikesofWuLiu,wasn’the?Ashedrinkstopleasehimselfandwritestoexpresshiswill,don’tyouthinkheislikesomeonefromthegoodolddaysofthelegendaryEmperorWuHuaishi?OrsomeonefromthegoodolddaysofthelegendaryEmperorGeTianshi?(刘士聪译)译文2.BiographyoftheGentlemanoftheFive-WillowsA.R.DavisWedonotknowofwhatplacethegentlemanisanative,nordoweknowhisfamilyorhiscourtesy-name.Aroundhishousetherearefivewillowsandfromthesehetookhisliteraryname.Quietandoffewwords,hedoesnotdesiregloryorprofit.Hedelightsinstudybutdoesnotseekabstruseexplanations.Wheneverthereissomethingofwhichheapprehendsthemeaning,theninhishappinessheforgetstoeat.Bynatureheisfondofwine,buthisfamilyispoorandhecannotusuallygetit.Hisrelativesandfriendsknowthatthisisso,andsometimessetoutwineandinvitehim.Wheneverhegoestoaparty,hewilldrinktotheend.Heexpectsthathewillcertainlygetdrunk.Whenheisdrunk,hewillwithdraw,butneverregretthathemustgo.Hishousewithsurroundingwallsonlyafewpaceslongislonelyanddoesnotshelterhimfromwindandsun.Hisshortcoarserobeistornandmended.Hisdishesandgourdsareoftenempty.Yetheisatpeace.Heconstantlydelightshimselfwithwritinginwhichhewidelyexpresseshisownideals.Heisunmindfulofgainorloss,andthus2hewillbetotheend.TheAppraisal:QianLouhadasaying:Onedoesnotgrieveoverpovertyandlowposition,oneisnotconcernedaboutrichesandhighrank.Maywethinkhewasspeakingofthissortofman?Drinkingwineandwritingpoemstopleasehisownwill,ishenotamanofthetimeofLordWuhuaiorLordGetian?(TaoYuan-ming:HisWorksandTheirMeaningbyA.R.Davis,HongKong,1983)译文3.TheManofFive-WillowsThemancannotbeidentified.Nooneknowshisname.Astherearefivewillowsgrownbesidehishut,hehascometobeknownasthe“ManofFive-Willows.”Tranquilandspareofspeech,hecovetsneitherfamenorprofit.Hetakesdelightinbooks,butisnotconcernedwithdetails.Wheneveranideaflashesuponhimhebecomessooverjoyedastoforgethismeals.Drinkingishisnaturalweakness,but,beingpoor,hecannotaffordtobuywine.Knowingitwell,hisrelativesandfriendsarewonttoprovidesomeforhimtoshare.Thenhefinisheseverydropanddoesnotstoptillquitedrunk.Whiletipsy,heleavesthemwithoutmoreado.Fourbarewallsenclosehisrooms;thewindandsunfindfreeaccessthroughtheroofandthechinks.Hisclothesareragged,hisdishesusuallyempty.Buthetakesitperfectlyatease.Sometimeshewritestoamusehimself,toexpresswhatisinhismind.Hecareslittleforworldlygainorloss.Itisthushepasseshisallotedspanonearth.EnvoyWiseoldChien-louonceremarked:“Nottobedejectedthoughpoorandhumble,noreagerforrichesandhonour.”Isthisnotafittingepithetforamanlikehim?Hedrinksdeep,chantshispoemsandfindshappinessinhimself.Ishenotoneofthosewhohavelivedinthespaciousdaysofyore?（方重译）译文4Nobodyknowswherehecamefromorwhathisfamilynamewas.HeissimplyknownasMasterFiveWillowsafterthefivewillowtreesthatgrowbyhishouse.Heisaquietmanwhodoesnottalkmuch.Hedoesnotcovetfameorwealth,andderiveshispleasurefromtheperusalofbooks.Hereadscasuallywithoutaneedforthoroughunderstanding.Wheneverhehaslearnedsomethingfromthebooks,heissohappythatheoftenforgetshismeals.Hehasafondnessforwine,butbeingpoor,hecannotoftenaffordit.Hisrelativesandfriendsknowaboutitandwillinvitehimoverforadrink.Everytimehegoestotheirhomehedrinkshisfillandisneversatisfieduntilheisdrunk,andthenleaveswithouttarrying.Thewallsinhishousearebare,andcanshelterhimneitherfromtherainandwind,norfromthescorchingsun.Hiscottongownisworntoragsandheisalwaysshortoffood.Buthetakesallthiswithequanimity.Heoftenwritesessaystoamusehimselfandtoexpresshisaspirationsandinterests.Hespendshislifeinthisway,disregardingpersonalgainandloss.Thefollowingismyappraisal:Qianlousaid,“Neitherbesadforbeingpoorandlowly,norbeeagertoseekrichesandhonor.”Ruminatingonhiswords,onewill