Virginia-Woolf

VirginiaWoolf(1882-1941)弗吉尼亚.沃尔芙VirginiaWoolf(1882–1941)wasanEnglishauthor,essayist,publisher,andwriterofshortstories,regardedasoneoftheforemostmodernistliteraryfiguresofthetwentiethcentury.Duringtheinterwarperiod,WoolfwasasignificantfigureinLondonliterarysocietyandamemberoftheBloomsburyGroup.HermostfamousworksincludethenovelsMrsDalloway(1925),TotheLighthouse(1927)andOrlando(1928),andthebook-lengthessayARoomofOne'sOwn(1929),withitsfamousdictum,Awomanmusthavemoneyandaroomofherownifsheistowritefiction.Contents1.Term：streamofconsciousness2.HerLife3.HerworksAnalysisMrs.Dalloway(1925)4.Quotation5.Assignment1.TheApexofModernism:Novelistsofthe“streamofconsciousness”ThetwokeyfigureswhomadethestreamofconsciousnessnovelknowntotheworldareVirginiaWoolfandJamesJoyce.TheimportanceofVirginiaWoolfasanovelistofthetwentiethcenturyliesinheroriginalcontributiontotheformofthenovel.Shevoicedpronouncedrejectionofrealism.ForWoolftheartificialstory-lineandtheobsessedconcernswithexternalmaterialfactsasseenintheworksofthewriterslikeJohnGalsworthyandArnoldBennettweresuperficialandnofitvehicleforrevealingthehappeningsinthedepthofthemind.Sheurgedwritersto“lookwithin”.Soinherownwritingsshedispensedwithplotanddevelopedherownspecialstyleusingthe“streamofconsciousness”techniquetodepicttheinternallifeofhercharacters.HerbestworksareMrsDalloway(1925)andTotheLightHouse(1927)LiteraryTerm:streamofconsciousnessVersion1:Theterm“streamofconsciousness”whichwasacoinedbyWilliamJamesinPrinciplesofPsychology(1890)isusedtoindicatealiteraryapproachtothepresentationofpsychologicalaspectsofcharactersinfiction.Generallyspeaking,therearetwolevelsofconsciousness:“thespeechlevel”and“theprespeechlevel”.Theprespeechlevelsofconsciousnessarenotcensored,notrationallycontrolledorlogicallyordered.Andthe“streamofconsciousness”novelcanbedefinedasatypeofnovelinwhichthebasicemphasisisplacedonexplorationoftheprespeechlevelofconsciousnessforthepurposeofrevealingthepsychicbeingofthecharactersandofstudyinghumannature.Therealmoflifewithwhichthe“streamofconsciousness”novelisconcernedismentalandspiritualexperience,suchassensation,memories,imaginations,conceptions,intuitions,feelingsandtheprocessofassociation.DorothyRichardson,MarcelProust,TamesJoyce,VirginiaWoolfandWilliamFaulknerareusuallyregardedasthemostprominentthe“streamofconsciousness”novelists.Whatthesewritershavecontributedtonovelisbroadlyonething;theyhaveopenedupanewareaoflifefornovelbyaddingmentalfunctioningandpsychicexistencetofictionandbycreatinganovelcenteredonthecoreofhumanexperience.Version1Theterm“streamofconsciousness”whichwasacoinedbyWilliamJamesinPrinciplesofPsychology(1890)isusedtoindicatealiteraryapproachtothepresentationofpsychologicalaspectsofcharactersinfiction.Generallyspeaking,therearetwolevelsofconsciousness:“thespeechlevel”and“theprespeechlevel”.Theprespeechlevelsofconsciousnessarenotcensored,notrationallycontrolledorlogicallyordered.Andthe“streamofconsciousness”novelcanbedefinedasatypeofnovelinwhichthebasicemphasisisplacedonexplorationoftheprespeechlevelofconsciousnessforthepurposeofrevealingthepsychicbeingofthecharactersandofstudyinghumannature.Therealmoflifewithwhichthe“streamofconsciousness”novelisconcernedismentalandspiritualexperience,suchassensation,memories,imaginations,conceptions,intuitions,feelingsandtheprocessofassociation.DorothyRichardson,MarcelProust,TamesJoyce,VirginiaWoolfandWilliamFaulknerareusuallyregardedasthemostprominentthe“streamofconsciousness”novelists.Whatthesewritershavecontributedtonovelisbroadlyonething;theyhaveopenedupanewareaoflifefornovelbyaddingmentalfunctioningandpsychicexistencetofictionandbycreatinganovelcenteredonthecoreofhumanexperience.Version2The“streamofconsciousness”isanarrativemethodofcapturingandrepresentingtheinnerworkingsofacharacter’smind.ThetermwasfirstusedbyWilliamJamesinhisPrinciplesofPsychology(1890)2.HerLife：ComfortableuppermiddleclassfamilybackgroundAdelineVirginiaStephen,Bornin1882,wasthethirdchildofLeslieStephen(Victorianmanofletters–firsteditoroftheDictionaryofNationalBiography)–andJuliaDuckworth(oftheDuckworthpublishingfamily).HerfatherhadpreviouslybeenmarriedtothedaughterofthenovelistWilliamMakepeaceThackery.BrothersThobyandAdrianwenttoCambridge,andhersisterVanessabecameapainter.Virginiawaseducatedbyprivatetutorsandbyextensivereadingofliteraryclassicsinherfather’slibrary.3.HerworksVirginiaWoolf,novelist,criticandfeministHerworksTheVoyageOut(1915)《出航》NightandDay(1919)《日与夜》Herfirst2novelswerewrittenintraditionalway.MondayandTuesday(1921)《星期一或星期二》Withthesetwonovels,shestartedtoexperimentwithhernewstyleofwriting.Thetwowerewritteninthetransitoryperiod.Jacob’sRoom(1922)《雅各布的房间》TheMarkontheWall《墙上的斑点》Hernewstyleofwriting,StreamofConsciousness,findsitsclimaxinsuchnovelsasMrs.Dalloway(1925)《达罗卫夫人》TotheLightHouse(1927)《到灯塔去》Orlanda(1928)《奥兰多传》TheWaves(1931)《浪》TheYears(1938)《岁月》BetweentheActs(1941)《幕间》Asaliterarycritic,sheproducedhercollectedinabookentitledTheCommonReader(1925)《普通读者》TheSecondCommonReaders(1932)Asafeminist,sheisfamou