非谓语动词作定语讲解及练习(附答案)

非谓语动词作定语一．不定式作定语1.不定式作定语常用于不定代词或被thefirst/next/only/last等修饰的名词和其他一些名词、代词之后。其中，不定式的一般式通常表示的动作，完成式则表示该动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作。例如：Sheisalwaysthefirst(one)tocomeandthelasttoleave.2.如果作定语的不定式与被修饰的名词有动宾关系，在不及物动词后通常要加上适当的介词。例如：Let'sfirstfindaroomtolivein/toputthethingsin.Wehavenothingtoworryabout.(=Thereisnothingforustoworryabout.)3.不定式作定语修饰一个在逻辑上是其宾语名词时,若在句子中能找到该不定式的逻辑主语,则该不定式多用主动表被动，否则，用被动式。（本结构是高考常考点）例如：Ihavealotofthingstodotoday.(I...do...things)Haveyougotanythingtosayatthemeeting?(you...say...anything)HereisalettertobetakentoMr.Li.在therebe句型中，有时用主动式或被动式意思不同。比较：Thereisnothingtodoatpresent.(=Wehavenothingtodoatpresent.)Thereisnothingtobedoneatpresent.(=Wecandonothingatpresent.)二．-ing分词作定语1.单个的-ing分词作定语一般,说明名词的性质、特征或用途等；-ing短语作定语一般；强调动作的单个-ing分词也常后置。例如：asleepingcar(=acarforsleeping)asleepingchild(=achildwhoissleeping)theboystandingthere(=theboywhoisstandingthere)Thegirlsingingismyclassmate.2.-ing分词作定语一般要求其动作与谓语动词所表示的动作或是在说话时该动作，否则，要用从句作定语。例如：Doyouknowtheboytalking(=whoistalking)totheteacher?Didyounoticetheboysitting(=whowassitting)atthisdeskyesterday?Themanshaking(=whoisnowshaking)handswithMr.Livisitedourclassyesterday.比较：误：Heisthemanvisitingourclassyesterday.正：Heisthemanwhovisitedourclassyesterday.三．-ed分词作定语1.-ed分词作定语一般表示一个动作，-in分词表示一个动作,-ing分词的被动式则表示一个的动作。例如：adeveloped/developingcountryHeisastudentlovedbyalltheteachers.ThebuildingbeingbuiltwillbethethirdTeachingBuildingofourschool.2.像定语从句一样，分词作定语也有非限制性的，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。例如：Thestudents,wearingtheirschooluniforms,marchedintotheplayground.Thesubstance,discoveredalmostbyaccident,hasgreatlychangedtheworld.非谓语动词做定语1.Manybuildingsinthecityneedrepairing,buttheone______firstisthelibrary.A.repairedB.beingrepairedC.repairingD.toberepaired2.I'mcallingtoenquireabouttheposition________inyesterday'sChinaDaily.A.advertisedB.tobeadvertisedC.advertisingD.havingadvertised3.Aftershecompletestheproject,she’llhave________.A.nothingtoworryaboutB.nothingtoworryC.nothingtobeworriedaboutD.nothingworryingabout4.Hisfirstbook______nextmonthisbasedonatruestory.A.publishedB.tobepublishedC.topublishD.beingpublished5.Therarefish,_____fromthecookingpot,hasbeenreturnedtothesea.A.savedB.savingC.tobesavedD.havingsaved6.Agreatnumberofstudents______saidtheywereforcedtopractisethepiano.A.toquestionB.tobequestionedC.questionedD.questioning7.Theybuiltahouse_____.A.ofthethingstoputinB.ofthethingstobeputinC.forthethingstoputinD.forthethingstobeputin8.Thatistheonlywaywecanimagine__theoveruseofwaterinstudents'bathrooms.A.reducingB.toreduceC.reducedD.reduce9.Thereisagreatdealofevidence______thatmusicactivitiesengagedifferentpartsofthebrain.A.indicateB.indicatingC.toindicateD.tobeindicating10.Weareinvitedtoaparty______inourclubnextFriday.A.tobeheldB.heldC.beingheldD.holding11.Thetrees________inthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.A.beingblowndownB.blowndownC.blowingdownD.toblowdown12.Ihavealotofreadings_____beforetheendofthisterm.A.completingB.tocompleteC.completedD.beingcompleted13.Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnew______withallbyourselveseveryday.A.dealB.dealtC.todealD.dealing14.Thenextthinghesawwassmoke______frombehindthehouse.A.roseB.risingC.toriseD.risen15.Thegovernmentplanstobringinnewlaws_____parentstotakemoreresponsibilityfortheeducationoftheirchildren.A.forcedB.forcingC.tobeforcedD.havingforced16.Onreceivingaphonecallfromhiswife_____shehadafall,MrGordonimmediatelyrushedhomefromoffice.A.saysB.saidC.sayingD.tosay17.Theplayers____fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame.A.selectingB.toselectC.selectedD.havingselected18.Simonmadeabigbamboobox_______thelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.A.keepB.keptC.keepingD.tokeep19.Peterreceivedaletterjustnow________hisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon.A．saidB．saysC．sayingD．tosay20.Theisland,____tothemainlandbyabridge,iseasytogoto.A.joiningB.tojoinC.joinedD.havingjoined21.Therarefish,_____fromthecookingpot,hasbeenreturnedtothesea.A.savedB.savingC.tobesavedD.havingsaved22.Lookoverthere—there’saverylong,windingpath______uptothehouse.A.leadingB.leadsC.ledD.tolead23.Recentlyasurvey_____pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens.A.comparedB.comparingC.comparesD.beingcompared24.Theability_____anideaisasimportantastheideaitself.A.expressingB.expressedC.toexpressD.tobeexpressed25.TsinghuaUniversity,____in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.A.foundB.foundingC.foundedD.tobefounded26.We’rehavingameetinginhalfanhour.Thedecision______atthemeetingwillinfluencethefutureofourcompany.A.tobemadeB.beingmadeC.madeD.havingbeenmade27.Aftercompletingandsigningit,pleasereturntheformtousintheenvelope_____.A.providingB.providedC.havingprovidedD.provide28.Time,______correctly,ismoneyinthebank.A.touseB.usedC.usingD.use29.Thelecture,_____at7:00pmlastnight,wasfollowedbyanobservationofthemoonwithtelescopes.A.startingB.beingstartingC.tostartD.tobestarted30.Johnhasreallygotthejobbecauseheshowedmetheofficialletter_____himit.A.offeredB.offeringC.toofferD.tobeoffered31.“It’ssuchaniceplace,”Mothersaidasshesatatthetable_____forcustomers.A.tobereservedB