2017年高考英语七选五阅读

2017年高考英语总动员8.历年探究“七选五”阅读（Ⅰ）【2016·新课标全国卷I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Secretcodes(密码)keepmessagesprivate.Bank,companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodeindoingbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer.Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears.36Codebreakingneverlags(落后)behindcodemaking.Thescienceofdecodingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptography.Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.37Forexample,thefirstlettersare“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme.”38Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,forexample,let’snumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,from1to26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage“Meetme”wouldread“13520135”.Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook.39Forexample,“bridge”mightstandfor“meet”and“out”mightstandfor“me”.Themessage“bridgeout”wouldactuallymean“Meetme”.40However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutacodebook.B.Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.C.Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.D.Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.E.Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.F.Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.G.Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了密码的设置方法和破解的方法。36.【解析】D本题考察是逻辑关系，根据下一句“codebreakingneverlagsbehindcodemaking”可知上一句是只要出现密码，就会有人去解码，故选D。37.【解析】E本题考察是句子之间的例证关系，从后面文章的举例中“Forexample,thefirstlettersare‘Myelephanteatstoomanyeels’spelloutthehiddenmessage‘Meetme.’”那么前一句应该是对例子的概括，即我们可以知道是运用每个单词的首字母来组成密码，E选项正确。38.【解析】G本题考察是文章的篇章结构，前一段是讲到了第一种方法，根据篇章结构，下一段应该是讲述第二种设置密码的方法，而根据该段的例子，即字母表中字母排列顺序转化成为数字信息，所以这里关键词是anotherway还有alphabet，故选G。39.【解析】F本题考察的是逻辑关系，从上一句“Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook”你需要借用解码书来找出密码单词所对应真正意思，F选项表示你应该找出解码书中密码所代表的词语，故F正确。40.【解析】A本题考察的是关键词以及转折关系，根据下一句出现“itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong,”这里出现了alsohard,所以上一句关键词为hard;另外however表示转折关系，证明上一句与下一句表达的意思相反，即上一句应该没有解密书，是很难去完成解密工作，故A正确。（Ⅱ）【2015·新课标全国卷I】BuildingTrustinaRelationshipAgainTrustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences.__36__．Trustisarisk.Butyoucan'tbesuccessfulwhenthere'salackoftrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake.Unfortunately,we'veallbeenvictimsofbetrayal.Whetherwe'vebeenstolenfrom,liedto,misled,orcheatedon,therearedifferentlevelsoflosingtrust.Sometimespeoplesimplycan'ttrustanymore.__37__．It'sunderstandable,butifyou'rewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain,wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetyouthere.●__38__havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell­being.●__39__Ifyou'vebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.Butthere'sadifferencebetweenbeingavictimandlivingwitha“victimmentality”．Atsomepointinallofourlives,we'llhaveourtrusttestedorviolated.●Youdidn'tlose“everything”．Oncetrustislost,whatisleft?Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.__40__instead,it'sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.A．Learntoreallytrustyourself.B．Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.C．Stopregardingyourselfasthevictim.D．Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.E．They'vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan'tbeartoletithappenagain.F．Thisknowledgecarriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelationships.G．Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesn'tmeanyou'reignoringwhathappened.【分析】文章主要讲述了人们一旦失去了信任，如何再次建立信任。36．解析：根据前一句Trustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences信任是我们从以往经历中获得的学习行为。选项B中的it代指上文刚出现的trust。故选B。答案：B37.解析：根据前句Sometimespeoplesimplycan'ttrustanymore.可知他们受到严重的伤害且不能忍受再次发生。可知选E。答案：E38．解析：根据后句havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell­being.可知此段主要讲述要学会信任自己。可知选A。答案：A39.解析：根据后句Ifyou'vebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.可知此段主要讲述不要认为自己是受害者。故选C。答案：C40．解析：根据前一句Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife和后一句instead,it'sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.可知既要看到事情的积极面，也不要忽视所发生的事情。故选G。答案：G（Ⅲ）【2014·新课标Ⅰ卷】Thejobsofthefuturehavenotbeeninvented，__36__Byhelpingthemdevelopclassicskillsthatwillservethemwellnomatterwhatthefutureholds.1．CuriosityYourchildrenneedtobedeeplycurious.__37__Askkids，“Whatingredients(配料)canweaddtomakethesepancakesevenbetternexttime”andthentrythemout.Didthoseingredientsmakethepancakesbetter?Whatcouldwetrynexttime?2．CreativityTruecreativityistheabilitytotakesomethingexistingandcreatesomethingnewfromit.__38__Thereareadozendifferentthingsyoucandowiththem.ExperimentingwithmaterialstocreatesomethingnewcangoalongwayinhelpingthemdeveloptheirCreativity.3．InterpersonalSkillsUnderstandinghowothersfeelcanbeachallengeforkids.Weknowwhatisgoingoninsideourownhead,butwhataboutothers?Beingabletoreadpeop