英语词义猜测

词义猜测题考点4：ReadingStrategiesStudyaims掌握“划线词”的词义猜测解题策略Masterthestrategiesabouthowtoguessthemeaningofunderlinedwords.1.考查范围熟词生义生词代词指代短语句子WhatdoestheunderlinedwordXXinParagraph...referto?2.常见设问WhatdoestheunderlinedphraseXXinParagraph..mean?WhatdoestheauthormeanbyXXinParagraph...?WhichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwordXXinParagraph...?WhichofthefollowingistheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedwordXX?3.猜词方法★前后句逻辑关系★上下文语境★语法结构解释★构词法★生活常识、文化背景方法一【前后句逻辑关系--转折关系】①TomisoneofthemostsuperciliousmenIknow.Hisbrother,incontrast,isquitemodest.②Marissasaysthatalltheproblemsshegivesusaresimple,butwefeelthattheyareintricateandhardtosolve．傲慢的，高傲的错综复杂的incontrast,onthecontrary,but,however,despite,unlike,while等1.GraywolvesoncewereseenhereandthereintheYellowstoneareaandmuchofthecontinentalUnitedStates,buttheyweregraduallydisplacedbyhumandevelopment.Bythe1920s,wolveshadpracticallydisappearedfromtheYellowstonearea.TheywentfarthernorthintothedeepforestsofCanada,wheretherewerefewerhumansaround.(2017全国Ⅲ卷·29)△Whatdoestheunderlinedword“displaced”intheparagraphmean?A.Tested.B.Separated.C.Forcedout.D.Trackeddown.被迫离开追查到【前后句转折关系】③Tomisconsideredanautocraticadministratorbecausehemakesdecisionswithoutseekingtheopinionsofothers.④Thereweresomanydemonstrators(示威者)intheRedSquarethathehadtoelbowhiswaythroughthecrowd.独断专行的方法一【前后句逻辑关系--因果关系】用肘挤，用肘推because,since,for,as,so,asaresult,thus,thereforeso....that....,such...that....2.Therearealsovarietiesdevelopedtosuitspecificlocalconditions.OneoftheverybestvarietiesforeatingqualityisOrleansReinette,butyou’llneedawarm,shelteredplacewithperfectsoiltogrowit,soit’sapipedreamformostappleloverswhofallforit.(2016全国Ⅲ卷·30)△Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“apipedream”inParagraph3mean?A.Apracticalidea.B.Avainhope.C.Abrilliantplan.D.Aselfishdesire.【前后句因果关系】⑤Mymomisshortandfat.Theprincipalofourschoolisalmostasplumpasmymom,andmuchshorter.胖的,丰腴的模仿⑥Childrenoftentrytoemulateorcopythebehaviorthattheyseeontelevision.方法一【前后句逻辑关系--并列关系】also,as...as,similarly,and,or,justas,likewise等3.Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodoubleduty.Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.Oncetheyarrive,thetablesareturned.Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.△Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thetablesareturned”intheparagraph?A.Theattackersgetattacked.B.Theinsectsgatherunderthetable.C.Theplantsgetreadytofightback.D.Theperfumesattractnaturalenemies.(2017全国Ⅱ卷·33)正在吃午餐的攻击者变成了午餐同义并列句：解释【前后句并列关系】方法二代词指代猜测【上下文语境--特别是上一句】(2017全国Ⅰ卷·29)Despitethecelebrations,though,intheU.S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.It’sJasonMoran’sjobtohelpchangethat…△Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”referto?A.Jazzbecomingmoreaccessible.B.Theproductionofjazzgrowingfaster.C.Jazzbeinglesspopularwiththeyoung.D.Thejazzaudiencebecominglarger.方法二名词常代前名词【上下文语境】(2015全国Ⅰ卷·31)Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration(合作)withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid,Spain,andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalvadorDaliMuseuminSt.Petersburg,Florida.△Whatdoestheword“contributions”referto?A.Artworks.B.Projects.C.Donations.D.Documents.方法三语法结构解释【下定义】mean,referto,thatis,is,is/arecalled,namely,knownas后的内容就是对前面生词详细注解！①Itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle—thatis,itwillbreakeasily.【定语从句】②Jackisnowaflorist,whokeepsashopforsellingflowersinourdistrict.【同位语】③Semantics,thestudyofthemeaningofwords,isnecessaryifyouaretospeakandreadintelligently.【举例子】forexample,suchas,like,including,epecially④Tommustbeveryaffluent.Hewearexpensiveclothes,drivesaRoll-Roycecar,andownsavaluablehouseinLondon.易碎的花商语义学、词义学富有的单题对点训练BAADBP391P407,8,9,10方法四构词法【生词拆译】①Down-toearthspiritisanecessity.Sharpwordsfromateachercanusuallybringadaydreamingstudentsdown-toearth.【熟词新义】②Themusiccan'tbepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958.Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthesame..实事求是的，脚踏实地的V.展现当堂演练P405.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacethephrase“signedoff”intheparagraph?A.endedalltheirprogramsB.providedfewerchannelsC.changedtocommercialsD.showedall-nightmovies方法五生活常识or文化背景Mostoftheflowersarebeginningtowitherbecauseofthecoldweather.....Frequentlyithappensthataplacehastwonames:Oneisnamedbythepeopleandtheotherbythegovernment.Asinmanyareas,oldhabitsdiehard,andtheplacecontinuestobecalledbyitsunofficialnamelongafterthemeaningislost....WhatdoestheunderlinedphrasediehardinParagraph1probablymean?A.Changesuddenly.B.Changesignificantly.C.Disappearmysteriously.D.Disappearveryslowly.枯萎，凋谢篇章限时训练P173B篇PracticeMoreSummary词义猜测解题策略★前后句逻辑关系---转折、因果、并列★上下文语境--代词/名词指代(上一句)★语法结构解释(下定义、定语从句、同位语、举例子)★构词法(生词拆译、熟词新义）★生活常识、文化背景Homework限时训练阅读CD篇P174-175