中考-情态动词

11.定义：情态动词表示说话者的情感、态度和语气。2.特点情态动词不能单独做谓语，其后必须加其他动词的原形一起构成谓语情态动词没有人称和数的变化在意义上，情态动词具有“多义性”例：can既可表示能力，又可以表示可能、允许等意义。3.情态动词的基本句型肯定句：主语+情态动词+动词原形+其他否定句：主语+情态动词+not+动词原形+其他疑问句:情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他？（2015年南雅月考）Middleschoolstudentstousemobilephoneatschool.A.shouldbenotallowedB.ShouldnotbeallowedC.shouldnotallowed4.考点归纳-------常见情态动词的用法can的用法(重点考查)①表示能力，与beableto同义。但can用于现在时和过去时，而beableto可用于各种时态。如：Hecanspeakthreelanguages.=Heisabletospeakthreelanguages.他会说三种语言。②在疑问句表请求，意为“可以”。注意：在回答表示允许、请求的Couldyou(please)do...?句型中，若表示同意时，用can回答而不用could。如：—Couldyougiveusahand?你能帮我们一下吗？—Yes,Ican.是的，我能。③表示推测，用在疑问句或否定句中，can意为“可能”，can’t则意为“不可能”。如：Canthenewsbetrue?这则消息有可能是真的吗？Bobcan’tbesleeping.Thelightinhisroomisstillon.鲍勃不可能在睡觉。他房间的灯还亮着。【及时巩固】(2017长沙麓山国际实验学校第一次月考，28)---CouldIparkhere?----Iamafraidyou___.Lookatthesign“NoParking”.A.couldn’tB.can’tC.needn’t(2016长沙长郡教育集团联考，23)----_____doesthisT-shirtbelongto?----I’mnotsure,butit___beLily’s.A.Whose;mightnotB.Who;cannotC.Who;mustnotmust的用法（重点考查）①表示义务、命令或要求，意为“必须”（主观意志）。如：Wemustdoeverythingstepbystep.我们必须脚踏实地做好每件事。【注意】Must...？句式的否定回答为：No,…needn't/don’thaveto。如：2—MustIfinishtheworktoday?今天我必须完成这项工作吗？—No,youneedn’t.不，不必了。②表示肯定猜测，意为“一定”。如：Marymusthavesomeproblems.Shekeepscrying.玛丽肯定遇到麻烦了，她老是哭。【注意】在肯定句中must表示对某事有把握的推测；在否定句中的推测用can’t。【及时巩固】.—(2014铜仁)MustIwatertheflowersnow,mum?—No,you________.You_______doitlater.A.mustn’t;mustB.mustn’t;mayC.needn’t;maymay的用法①表示允许、请求，常与第一人称连用。如：MayIcomein?我可以进来吗？②表示推测，可与maybe互换。如：Shemayknowthenews.=Maybesheknowsthenews.或许她知道这则消息。③表示祝愿，意为“祝……”。如：Mayyoubehappy！祝你开心！注意：May开头的疑问句表示许可否定No,...mustn’t/can’t.[及时巩固]1.(2017南雅中学第一次模拟，27)WhileGojiberries____getmuchlovefromyoungpeopleinChina,theyseemtobewarmlywelcomedoverseas.A.mustnotB.maynotC.shouldnotA.May;CanB.Must;NeedC.Could;Must2.（2016扬州）—Excuseme,mayIkeepthebookalittlelonger?—Sorry.You________returnittoday.A.mustB.mustn’tC.canD.can’t3.（2014北京）—MustIhandinmyhomeworknow,Mr.Smith?—No,you_______.A.can’tB.shouldn’tC.wouldn’tD.needn’t4.（2014宁波）___youleavenow?Youonlyarrivedhereanhourago.—Sorry,butsomuchhomeworkiswaitingforme.A.MayB.MustC.Canshall与should的用法①表示征求建议或请求，常用在Shallwe/ShallI...?句型中，意为“……好吗？”。如：Shallweputoffthesportsmeetinguntilnextmonth?我们将运动会推迟到下个月好吗？②should用于各种人称，强调义务或责任。如：Ithinkchildrenshouldreallylearntorespecttheirelders.我认为孩子们应该好好学习尊敬长辈。3will与would的用法①will或would用于第二人称疑问句中，表示征求意见或建议。(would比will更委婉)如：Will/Wouldyoupleasetakeoutthetrash?请你把垃圾倒掉好吗？②will用于各种人称表示意愿。如：—Turnoffthelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom.离开教室的时候要关灯。—Yes,Iwill.好的，我会的。hadbetter意为“最好”，没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。否定为hadbetternotdosth[及时巩固]1.（2015南雅入学考试）You’dbetterinclassA.nottalkB.don’ttalkC.nottotalk2.Youhadbetter________yourhaircut.A.hadB.haveC.toget【课后练习】28.(2017·德州)Insomecountries,people________download(下载)musicfromtheInternetwithoutpaying,becauseit'sagainstthelaw.A.wouldn'tB.needn'tC.mustn'tD.couldn't29.(2017·温州)—We'veorderedtoomuchfood.I________eatanymore.—Nevermind.Let'takeithome.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.shouldn't30.(2017·河北)Ihavetravelledalot.I________speakfourlanguages.A.canB.mayC.mustD.need31.(2017·北京)—________Ihandinthereporttoday?—No,youneedn't.A.CanB.MustC.ShallD.Could32.(2017·鄂州)—Thetallmanwithglassesovertherelookslikeourmathteacher.—It________behim.Hehasgoneabroad.A.maynotB.mustn'tC.can'tD.needn't33.(2017·安徽)—Mum,I'vesignedforthebox.What'sinit?—I'mnotsure.It________beapresentfromyouruncle.A.needB.mustC.mayD.will34.(2017·青岛)Weshouldkeepquietinthecinema.We________speakloudly.A.canB.mustC.needn'tD.mustn't435.(2017·大连)—Haveyoudecidedwheretospendyourholiday?—Notyet.We________gotoBeijing.A.mayB.mustC.shouldD.need36.(2017·武汉)—Haveyougottheresultsoftheexam?—No.Allwe________donowistowait.A.mustB.canC.mayD.could37.(2017·天津)Whenyouaretravelling,bringamapbecauseit________helpyou.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.usedtoD.may38.(2017·广东)Tokeepchildrensafe,we________putthethingslikeknivesandmedicineawayinourhouse.A.mayB.shouldC.canD.might39.(2017·荆州)—SixtydollarsforsuchaT­shirt!You________bejoking!—I'mserious.It'smadeofsilkfromHangzhou.[来源:Zxxk.Com]A.mustB.needC.willD.can40.(2017·乐山)—________youtellmethedifferencesbetweenthesetwophotos?—No.Theylookquitesimilar,nearlythesame.A.CanB.MayC.Must41.(2017·重庆)—Robert,couldyouwashthecarforme?—Yes,I________.I'mcoming,Dad.A.couldB.couldn'tC.canD.can't