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第1页共3页英语中的插入语插入语一般对一句话作一些附加的说明。它是中学英语语法的重点,也是高考的考点。通常与句中其它部分没有语法上的联系,将它删掉之后,句子结构仍然完整。插入语在句中有时是对一句话的一些附加解释、说明或总结;有时表达说话者的态度和看法;有时起强调的作用;有时是为了引起对方的注意;还可以起转移话题或说明事由的作用;也可以承上启下,使句子衔接得更紧密一些。掌握这一语言现象不仅有利于对英语句子等的理解,还有利于提高写作等的水平。插入语的类型较多,常见的如下几种:一、形容词(短语)作插入语。能用作插入语的形容词(短语)常见的有:true,wonderful,excellent,strangetosay,mostimportantofall,sureenough等。如:True,itwouldbetoobad.真的,太糟了。Wonderful,wehavewonagain.太好了,我们又赢了。Strangetosay,hehasn’tgotmyletteruptonow.说来也奇怪,他到现在还没有收到我的信。Mostimportantofall,wemustlearnalltheskills.最重要的是,我们必须掌握所有的技巧。二、副词(短语)作插入语。能用作插入语的副词(短语)有:indeed,surely,still,otherwise,certainly,however,generally,personally,honestly,fortunately,luckily,though,besides,exactly,perhaps,maybe,probably,frankly,orrather等。如:Whenhegottothere,hefound,however,thattheweatherwastoobad.可是到了那儿之后他发现,那儿的天气太坏了。Otherwise,hewouldstillbeathome.不然的话,他还会在家的。三、介词短语作插入语。能用作插入语的介词短语有:infact,inone’sopinion,ingeneral,inaword,inotherwords,inafewwords,ofcourse,bytheway,asaresult,forexample,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,toone’ssurprise,inshort,asamatteroffact,inconclusion,inbrief等。如:Youcan’twaitanymore-inotherwords,youshouldstartatonce.你不能再等了——换言之,你得立即出发。Onthecontrary,weshouldstrengthenourcorporationwiththem.相反,我们应该加强和他们的合作。四、V-ing(短语)作插入语。能用作插入语的V-ing(短语)常见的有:generallyspeaking,strictlyspeaking,judgingfromby,talkingof,considering等。如:Generallyspeaking,theweatherthereisneithertoocoldinwinternortoohotinsummer.一般来说,那儿的气候冬天不太冷,夏天不太热。Judgingbyhisclothes,hemaybeanartist.从衣着来判断,他可能是个艺术家。五、不定式短语作插入语。能用作插入语的不定式短语有:tobefrank,tobehonest,tobesure,totellyouthetruth,tomakemattersworse,tosumup,tostartwith,第2页共3页tobeginwith等。如:Tobefrank,Idon’tquiteagreewithyou.坦率地说,我不太同意你的意见。Totellyouthetruth,I’mnotsointerestedinthematter.跟你说实话,我对这件事情的兴趣不大。Tosumup,successresultsfromhardwork.总而言之,成功是艰苦努力的结果。六、句子(陈述句和一般疑问句)作插入语。能用作插入语的句子有:Iamsure,Ibelieve,Ithink,Iknow,Isuppose,Ihope,I’mafraid,yousee,what’smore,thatistosay,asweknow,asIsee,believeitornot等。如:Someanimalsonlyhalf-hibernate,thatistosay,theirsleepisnotsuchadeepone.有些动物只是半冬眠,就是说,它们的睡眠并不是深度睡眠。Ibelieve,Chinawillcatchupwiththedevelopedcountriessoonerorlater.我确信,中国迟早会赶上发达国家。Hecan’tpasstheexam,becausehedoesn’tstudyhard.What’smore,heisn’tsoclever.他不能通过这次考试,因为他学习不认真,更何况他又不太聪明。插入语的应用插入语(句)是说话者对所表达意思的补充、强调、解释或者说话的态度,其位置灵活,常常用逗号或破折号与其他成分隔开,并且在语法上不影响其他成分。例如:Ithink,shehasnofeelingforyourtrouble./She,Ithink,hasnofeelingforyourtrouble.我想,她对你的遭遇无动于衷。一.常见的插入语和插入句。1.插入语常以副词(副词短语)、形容词(形容词短语)、介词短语、非谓语动词短语等形式出现。(1)常见的副词及短语:indeed,surely,however,obviously,frankly,naturally,luckily/happilyforsb.certainly等。(2)常见的形容词及短语:funny,needlesstosay(不用说),mostimportantofall等。(3)常见的介词短语:bytheway,inafewwords/insum/inshort(简而言之),inotherwords,ingeneral,inone'sopinion/judgment(按照某人的意见),infact,inthefirstplace,ofcourse,toone'sknowledge/surprise/regret/satisfaction/mind/joy/disappointment等。(4)常见的现在分词短语:strictly/generally/honestly/personally/exactly/physically/speaking(严格地/一般地/坦诚地等)说;judgingfrom/by…(根据……判断)等。(5)常见的动词不定式短语:tobesure(无疑地),tosumup(概括地说),totellthetruth,tobehonest,tobeshort,toconclude,toputitbriefly,toputitinanotherway,tobegin(start)with等。注意:上述单词或短语作插入语和状语时的区别。例如:(1)Frankly,he'dliketolistentomusic.(副词作插入语,表示说话人的态度)第3页共3页Hereyoushouldspeakfrankly.(副词作状语)(2)True,yourdaughterisathomenow.(形容词作插入语)Hecameback,hungryandtired.(形容词作状语)(3)Judgingfromwhathesaid,hedoeslookdownhiselderbrother.(现在分词作插入语,其主语不是句中的主语,只是说话者的附加说明)Seeingfromthewindow,hecanseethelake.(现在分词作状语,逻辑主语是句中的主语he)(4)Totellyouthetruth,hedoesn'tquiteagreewiththisidea.(不定式作插入语,动作主体不是句中的主语,只是说话者的附加说明)Tobuythemachine,hewenttoBeijing.(不定式作目的状语,逻辑主语是句中的主语he)2.插入句为简短的、具有完整意义的句子。常见的插入句如下:Ithink/hope/guess/know/believe/suppose,Iamsure(我可以肯定地说),thatis(tosay)(也就是说),itseems(看来是),asIseeit(照我看来),what'smore,what'sworse,whatisimportant/serious(重要/严重的是),I'mafraid(恐怕),itissaid(据说),asweallknow(众所周知)等。插入句独立性强,一般用标点符号将其与其他句子成分隔开。应当特别注意疑问句的插入句,它一般为倒装语序且无任何标点符号,而且整个疑问句应当保持陈述语序。例如:(1)WhatshouldIdofirst?WhatdoyouthinkIshoulddofirst?(被插入的疑问句原来为倒装语序,插入后成为陈述语序)(2)Whoissinging?Whodoyouthinkissinging?(被插入的疑问句原来就是陈述语序,不需要做调整)
本文标题:英语插入语用法详解
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