您好,欢迎访问三七文档
常用100词根词根ag来自拉丁动词agere的词干部分,意思相当于英语的todo(做)或todrive(驱使)。act是个英语核心单词,其实它的前身act是ag的同源异形词根,来自agere的动名词形式actum的词干部分,基本含义也是todo或todrive。下面先分析几个由ag构成的常见派生词。agent[ag=todo做;-entn.=person人→“personwhodoes办事者”→]n.personwhoworksforanotherpersonororganization代理人:asalesagent代售商▽agential[agent;-iala.]a.代理人的;起媒介作用的agency[ag=todo做;-encyn.=thequalityorstateof表性质或状态→“theabiliyorplaceofdoingbusiness办事的能力或场所”→]n.①powerorforcewhichcausesaresult力量;作用:humanagency人力②theofficeofanagent;serviceorganization代理处;机构:travelagency旅行社agenda[ag=todo做;-enda(-a表复数)n.=things事情→“thingstobedone要办的事项”→]n.listofthingstobediscussedordecidedupon议事日程:themostimportantitemontheagenda议事日程的首项agile[ag=todo做;-ilea.=able能……的→“abletodo能干的”→]a.abletodoormovequicklyoreasily敏捷的;灵活的:asagileasamonkey像猴子般灵活▽agility[agil(e);-ity]n.敏捷;灵活agitate[ag=todriveorkeepmoving驱使,使运动;-itate(-ate)v.=makeorcause使……→“causetokeepmovingsteadily引起不断的动荡”→]v.disturb鼓动:Theaudiencewereagitatedbyhisspeech听众被他的演说所鼓动。▽agitation[agitat(e);-ionn.]n.鼓动;激动不安agitator[agitat(e);-orn.]n.鼓动者以下介绍的是几个常用act的同根词。act[act=todo做→“todowhatisrequired做要求的事”→]v.①dosomething行动:toactatonce立刻行动②function起作用:Thebrakeswouldn'tact.刹车失灵。③takepartinaplayorfilm扮演:WhoisactingHamlet?谁演哈姆雷特?▽actor[act;-orn.]n.男演员;行动者actress[act(o)r;-essn.]n.女演员re-act[re-;actv.]v.重做,再做;重演,再演overact[over-;actv.]v.演得过于夸张action[act=todo做;-ionn.=theprocessorresult表过程或结果→]n.①processofdoing,ordeed行动,活动:Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.行动比语言更有说服力。②resultofdoing,oreffect作用:theactionofanacidonmetal酸对金属的作用③charge诉讼:tobringanactionagainstsomeone起诉某人▽actionable[action;-ablea.]a.可控诉的active[act=todo做;-ivea.=able会……的→]a.abletodo活跃的,积极的:Althoughheisover70,heisstillactive.他虽然年过70,但依然很活跃。▽activate[activ(e);-atev.]v.使活动activism[activ(e);-ismn.]n.[哲]能动主义;积极,活跃activist[activ(e);-istn.]n.活动分子,积极分子activity[activ(e);-ityn.]n.能动性;活跃;[复]活动actual[act=todo做;-u-;-ala.=theactorfact表行为或事实→]a.existinginfact;real实际的;现实的:theactualamountofmoney实际金额▽actualist[actual;-istn.]n.现实主义者actuality[actual;-ityn.]n.事实,现存情况;现实性actualize[actual;-izev.]v.实行,使现实化actuate[act=todo做;-u-;-atev.=tomakeorcause使……→]v.causetodo驱动,激励:Whatmotivesactuatedher?什么动机驱使她这样做的?▽actuation[actuat(e);-ionn.]n.驱动,激励;开动exact[ex-=out出;act=todrive驱使→“todriveout;drivenout逼出来(的)”→]Iv.demandorobtainbyforce强求,索取:Heexactedobediencefromhisstudents.他强要学生服从他。→Ⅱa.correctandwithoutmistake准确的,精确的:tobeexactinconduct行为一丝不苟▽exacting[exactv.;-inga.]a.苛求的,严厉的;强索的exaction[exactv.;-ionn.]a.强索;勒索;榨取exactitude[exacta.;-ituden.]n.精确(性);严格,严谨react[re-=back回返;act=todo做→]v.①dooractinreply反应:Shewasslowtoreact.她反应迟钝。②doagainst反动,反作用:toreactagainstoppression反抗压迫▽reaction[react;-ionn.]n.反应;反作用;反动reactor[react;-orn.]n.引起反应的人或物;[原]反应堆reactive[react;-ivea.]a.反应的;反动的interact[inter-=between在……之间;act=todo做→“todobetweentwothings在两者之间互动”→]v.haveaneffectoneachother互相作用,互相影响:Allthingsareinter-relatedandinteractedoneachother.一切事物都是互相联系又互相影响的。▽interaction[interact;-ionn.]n.相互作用;相互interactant[interact;-antn.]n.[化]反应物interactive[interact;-ivea.]a.互相作用的;[计]交互的transact[trans-=acrossorthrough穿过;act=todrive驱使→“todrivethrough使通过”→]v.carryon;manage执行,办理:Hetransactedsomebusinesssatbank.他在银行处理了一些事务。▽transaction[transact;-ionn.]n.办理,处理;交易,业务transactor[transact;-orn.]n.办事人,处理者练习1:1.[词根辩识]A.判断下列单词中,哪些含有词根ag,act:①age②aggression③agitational④agaze⑤tractor⑥factory⑦actuary⑧coactionB.判断下列派生词中act是词根还是单词:①react②re-act③ex-actor④exactor⑤underact⑥overact⑦coact⑧enact2.[举一反三]根据例子写出后面单词的中文意思。A.例:agitatev.鼓动→agitatorn.鼓动者①actv.行动,行为→actorn.②exactv.强索,强征(捐税等)→exactorn.③activatev.[化]使活化→activatorn.B.activea.积极的→activelyad.积极地①interactivea.相互作用的→interactivelyad.②reactivea.反动的→reactivelyad.③counteractivea.抵制的→counteractivelyad.3.[望文生义]根据已知单词的含义求出其同根词的含义。①已知:coactv.共同行动,合力工作(提示:co-=together)求:coactionn.coactivea.②已知:counteractv.抵抗,抵制;抵消(提示:counter-=against)求:counteractionn.counteractivea.③已知:retroactv.倒行;追溯既往(提示:retro-=backward)求:retroactivea.retroactionn.4.[同义相连]请将左栏的单词和右栏中相对应的词义连接起来。A.含ag的名词派生词①coagenta.反作用剂;反抗力②subagentb.共事者;合作者③reagentc.副代理人④counteragentd.反应力;反应物⑤subagencye.分代理处B.含act的名词派生词①activablea.不活动的;不活跃的②exactableb.[化]能被活化的③inactivec.可强取的;可强求而得的④reactionaryd.倒行的;有追溯效力的⑤retroactivee.反动的5.[寻根问底]指出下列单词的词根并领会其词义的由来。①coagencyn.合作②agitpropv.宣传鼓动(提示:prop=propoganda宣传)③coagulatev.(使)凝结;(使)合为一体④actuaryn.(保险)精算师⑤enactv.制定(法律);通过(法案);颁布⑥underactv.表演(角色)不够充分常用词amiable和amateur分别来自同源异形根am和amat。am是拉丁动词amare的不定式词干;amat是这个动词的动名词词干,意思都相当于tolove(爱)。amiable[am=tolove爱;-i-;-ablea.=capableof可……的→“capableofbeingloved可爱的”→]a.lovable,orkindly可爱的;和蔼的:anamiableoldlady可亲的老太太amateur[amat=tolove;-eur(-er)n.=person人→“persaonwhodoessomethingforlovingit(ratherthanformoney)因爱好(不是为金钱)从事某项活动者”→]n.personwhopracticesanart,sportorscienceforhisownpleasure(艺术、体育、科学等)业余爱好者:radioamateur业余无线电爱好者▽amateurism[amateur;-ismn.]n.业余活动amateurish[amateurn.业余爱好者;-isha.=like像…的→“likeanamateur(ratherthanaprofessionalhand)像业余的,不内行的”→]a.unskillful不老练的,外行的:Heisstillamateurishinplayinggolf.他打高尔夫球还不老练。▽amateurishness[amateurish;-nessn.]n.外行amicable[amic(来自am的同根名词amicus)=persononeloves,orfriend亲爱者,朋友;-ablea.=abletobe能当……的→“abletobeone'sfri
本文标题:常用100词根
链接地址:https://www.777doc.com/doc-4772256 .html