英语高二第二学期unit-4-grammar

GrammarPaintingtheworld1.超过2.听说3.停止做某事4.为…付款5.寻找6.担当,充当7.和…吵架8.也morethanhearofstopdoingsth.pay..for…lookforworkasquarrelwithaswellRevisionModalverbs+have+pastparticipleHecan’tbeBillGate.?HemaybeLiuXiang.HemustbeWenZhang.Oh,yes.HeisWenZhang.Lookandguessusing“can’t,might/could,may,must”HebeLiuXiang.Whoistheman?mightcouldRevision否定句用cannot,couldnot,maynot,mightnot.疑问句用can,could猜测语气：mustmaymight/could1.肯定句中，表示对当前行为、状态、情况的推测用：must/may/might/could+do/beThelightison.Hemust/may/might/couldbestudying.Thelightisn’ton.Hecannot/maynot/mightnot/couldnotbestudying.Thelightison.Can/Couldhebestudyingnow?2.表示对此时此刻正在进行的动作的推测用：must/may/might/could+bedoingWhatdoyouthinkthepigisdoing?Hemust/may/might/couldbedoingmorningexercise.PracticeYes,theymust/may/might/couldbeplayingnow.No,theycannot/couldnot/maynot/mightnotbeplayingnow.Theymustbefightingnow.Cantheybeplayingnow?Hemust/may/might/couldbesingingONLYYOUnow.Whatdoyouthinkheissingingnow?3.如何表示对过去发生事情的推测?FewpeoplemayhaveevenheardofVanGogh.Totalkaboutsomethingthatwaspossibly(not)true,wecanuse:may/might+(not)have+pastparticiplemay/mighthavedone表示对过去行为的推测，可译为“可能已经”或“想必已经”。1.Hesaidthey______________________theplane.2.Ithinkhe_____________________thenews.他说他们也许已经错过了那班飞机。我想他可能已经知道那个消息了。may/mighthavemissedmay/mighthavegotVanGoghcouldn'thavepaintedthis---it’stoonew.Totalkaboutsomethingthatwasimpossible,weuse:couldnot/cannot+have+pastparticipleTotalkaboutsomethingthatwaspossible,weuse:could+have+pastparticiplecan/couldhavedone是对过去发生事情或行为的推测，用于否定句和疑问句，could的语气比较委婉，意为“可能已经”。1.They___________________,asit’sweekend.2.Somebodymusthaveopenedthecage.Thelion______________________onitsown.他们不可能去工作了，因为是周末。一定是有人打开了笼子，狮子是不可能自己跑出来的。can’thavegonetoworkcouldn’thaveescaped•canhavedone•通常只用于否定句和疑问句•。用于否定句时表否定推断，推测肯定没•做；用于疑问句时意为“难道真的做了吗”，表示怀疑。例如：•Canhehavedonesuchafoolishthing?(=Isitpossible…?)他会做这样的傻事吗？（表怀疑）•Hecan'thavetakenithome.他不可能把它带回家了。（表不可能）•couldhavedone•可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句。用于肯定•句既可以表示过去能够做而实际未做，有惋•惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意，也可以表示对过•去动作的推测；用于否定句和疑问句的情况•与canhavedone相同。例如：•Youcouldhavedonebetter,butyou•didn'ttryyourbest.你本可以做得更好，但是你没有尽力而为。（表惋惜）•Thisglassiscracked.Someonecouldhavedroppedit.这个玻璃杯破了。可能是谁把它掉在地上了。（表推测过去）•Couldhehavelefttheworkunfinished?他会丢下工作不干了？（表怀疑）•Hecouldn'thavecheckedoutsoearly.他不可能这么早就离开了。（表不可能）VanGoghworkedinanartdealer'scompany,buthemusthavedislikedit,becauseheleft.Totalkaboutsomethingthatwethinkcertainlyhappened,weuse:must+have+pastparticiplemusthavedone表示对过去发生事情或行为的推测，语气非常肯定，可译为“想必一定”或“准是”。该结构只用于肯定句。地面很湿，昨天晚上一定下雨了。2.You________________________________.你一定是把安娜当成她妹妹了。1.Thegroundisverywet._______________________________________Itmusthaverainedlastnight.musthavemistakenAnnaforhersistermusthavedone的反意疑问句有三种情况：①若句中含有过去的时间状语，用一般过去时完成反意疑问句。②若句中含有过去完成时的时间状语，用过去完成时完成反意疑问句。③若句中不含任何时间状语，用现在完成时完成反意疑问句。1.Wemusthavelearned2000wordsbytheendoflastterm,__________?2.HemusthavegonetoBeijing,_________?3.Thegroundisverywet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,_________?hadn’twehasn’thedidn’titOthermodalverbs•should/oughttohavedone•shouldn’t/oughtnottohavedone•needn’thavedone__________________________It’stoolate.你本该来的早一点的，太晚了。__________________________________Afterall,heisonlyfiveyearsold.你本不该责备他的，毕竟，他才五岁。__________________________________It’ssunnynow.我们本不必带伞的，现在天气很好。Youshould/oughttohavecomeearlier.Youshouldn’t/oughtnottohavescoldedhim.Weneedn’thavetakentheumbrella.AstrangeexhibitioncalledAnimalArt1.Whichanimaldoyouthinkmadetheseworksofart?Writethreesentencesabouteachone.1.Acat_________________(walk)onthepaper.2.Asmalldog_______________(do)this.3.Anelephant___________________(make)thesemarks.mayhavewalkedmusthavedonecouldnothavemade1.Abird_________________(walk)onthepaper.2.Afrog_________________(jump)onthepaper.3.Asnake_________________(make)thesesmarks.mighthavewalkedmighthavejumpedcouldnothavemade1.Adog________________(make)thesemarks.2.Acat__________________(do)this.3.Aspider___________________(make)thesesmarks.mayhavemademighthavedonecouldnothavemade1.Asnail________________(crawl)thesemarks.2.Anelephant__________________(touch)thepaperwithitsnose.3.Apanda___________________(make)thesesmarks.musthavecrawledmighthavetouchedcouldnothavemade1.Afrog_________________(jump)onthepaper.2.Abird_________________(do)this.3.Aspider_________________(do)this.mayhavejumpedmighthavedonecouldnothavedone1.Amonkey_________________(paint)thesemarksonthepaper.2.Anelephant________________(do)thiswithitsnose.3.Afrog___________________(make)thesesmarks.mayhavepaintedmighthavedonecouldnothavemade2.Completethefollowingdialoguesusingamodalverbandapastparticiple.1.Bill:Thiscaketastesalittletoosweet.Bob:I'msorry.I_____________________________________________.2.June:IsawJimyesterdayatthefootballmatch.Alice:That.___________.3.Steve:DidyouknowthatThomasEdisoncreatedmorethan1000inventions?Brook:He.may/mighthaveusedtoomuchsugarwhenImadeitcouldnothavebeenhim.Isawhimatwork.mmlomusthavebeenagenius4.Dave:Ican'tunderstandwhyourfootballteamplayedsopoorlyyesterday!Eve:Well,they.______________________.5.Ruth:Whatwasthatsound?Justin:Ithinkit.6.Charles:Ihadbaddream