商务信函翻译

商务信函的翻译商务信函的定义与功能•不仅是用来沟通的媒介，还可以有效地取代面对面的登门拜访，建构和维系彼此间的友谊，吸引与争取客户，以及为公司塑造良好的形象。----许建忠•以表情功能为主•感谢信•祝贺信•道歉信•慰问信商务信函的分类•以信息功能为主•1.建立业务关系函（cooperationintention）•2.产品推销函（promotion）•3.资信查询函（creditinquiry）•4.询盘函（inquiry）•5.发盘还盘函（offerandcounter-offer）•6.订购函（purchase）•7.装运通知函（shipment）•8.支付结算函（payment）•9.索赔函（claim）•10.保险函（insurance）商务信函的篇章结构•开头部分（OpeningSection）•主题命题部分（PropositionalSection）•结尾部分（ClosingSection）英文商务信函的结构•1.信头（Heading），包括寄信人的地址和日期•2.信内地址（Insideaddress），即收信人的地址•3.文档号（Reference），如：Ourref:WFX/SQ,Yourref:JS201/SD707•4.收函方主办人或主要负责人，如Attention:TheSalesManager或To:TheSalesManager•5.称呼（Salutation）•6.事由标题（Caption/Subject/Reference）•7.正文（Body）•8.结束语/函尾套语（Complimentaryclose）•9.发信人姓名，先签名再打印姓名（Signature&PrintedName）•10.发信人职务（Position）•11.发信人及打信人姓名缩写，如ST/MS•12.附件（Enclosure）•13.副本/抄送（CC.，即CarbonCopy）•14.附言/又及事项（P.S.，即Postscript）•1117TheHighRoad•6June1996•Mr.DavidPatricks•3005West29thSuite130•Waco,77663•OurRef:RI0606•Attention:InternationalTradeManager•DearMr.Patricks,•Subject:HeatingRegisters’Location信头信内地址文档号收函方称呼事由标题•IreceivedyourJune6thletterrequestingconsultationandamprovidingmyrecommendationinthefollowing.•……•Sincerely•JaneA.McMurry•JaneA.McMurry•EngineeringManager•HVACConsultants,Inc.JAM/dmc•Encl.:invoiceforconsultingservices•C.C.ExecutiveManagerofHVACConsultants,Inc.正文客套语公司名称打印姓名签名职务附件抄送发信人及打信人姓名缩写中文商务信函的结构•1.标题•2.发函字号•3.收函单位或收件人姓名•4.正文•5.结束套语•6.发函单位或发函人姓名•7.发函时间•8.附件为请试制高密度尼丝纺事（xx）xx字第xx号•xx纺织厂：•经双方磋商，为保证出口羽绒制品面料尼丝纺量，你方同意试制新型高密度尼丝纺，现试样需用的少量尼龙长丝已备，请你厂前来开料后，立即试制样品，现将具体成品规格要求开列如下：•……•其余数量暂存你厂，由我公司安排染色、涂防水层等处理后，再进行纺绒实验，特此函达，请洽。•此致•敬礼•xxxx公司（公章）x•x年x月x日•附件：原料定额、工艺、规格参考值合作原则和礼貌原则CooperativePrinciple（H.P.Grice,1975）•(1)TheMaximofQuality质量原则•不要说自己认为是不真实的话•不要说自己认为缺乏证据的话•(2)TheMaximofQuantity数量原则•使自己所说的话达到交谈的现在目的所要求的详尽程度•不应使自己所说的话包含超出需要的信息•(3)TheMaximofRelevance关联原则•说话要贴切•(4)TheMaximofManner方式原则•避免晦涩的词语•避免歧义•说话要简练，避免赘述•说话要有条理•A:Doyouloveme?•B:I’mveryfondofyou.•A:Yes,butdoyouloveme?•B:Uh...youmeanalottome.•A:Whywon’tyouanswermyquestion?•B:Whatquestion?•A:Doyouloveme?Comeon!Iwanttoknow.•B:Icareforyouverydeeply.Youknowthat.•A:Thatisn’tthesamething!•B:Whatkindofanswerdoyouexpect?•A:Thetruth!Iwantthetruth!•B:HowcanIpossiblyanswersuchaquestion?礼貌原则•得体准则(TactMaxim)•尽量少让别人吃亏；尽量多使别人得益•慷慨准则(GenerosityMaxim)•尽量少使自己得益；尽量多让自己吃亏•谦逊准则(ModestyMaxim)•尽量少赞誉自己；尽量多贬低自己•一致准则(AgreementMaxim)•尽量减少双方的分歧；尽量增加双方的一致•同情准则(SympathyMaxim)•尽量减少双方的反感；尽量增加双方的同情•A:Whatdoyouthink?Doyoulikethedress?•B:Thecolorisreallywonderful.•A:WeallmissBillandMary,won’twe?•B:Well,wewillallmissBillandJim.•合作原则在会话中起着调节说话人说话内容的作用，它使说话人在假设对方乐于合作的前提下能进行交际。•礼貌原则具有更高一层的调节作用，它维护了交谈双方的均等地位和他们之间的友好关系。合作原则和礼貌原则在商务信函中的体现•Correctness:正确（质量准则）•Completeness：完整（数量准则）•Concretness：具体（关联准则）•Conciseness：简洁（方式准则）•Clearness：清楚（方式准则）•Courtesy：礼貌（礼貌原则）•Consideration：体谅（礼貌原则）•1）完整Completeness•2）具体Concretness•Wewishtoconfirmourtelexdispatchedtheotherday.•WeconfirmourtelexofJune5th,2002.•3）简洁Conciseness•Cometoadecision•decide•inaccordancewithyourrequest•asyourrequest•fortheamountofUS$500•forUS$500•4）清楚Clearness•Beingaregisteredaccountant,I’msureyoucanhelpus.•Beingaregisteredaccountant,youcancertainlyhelpus.5）正确CorrectnessWeassureyouthatthiserrorwillneveroccur.We’lldoallwecansothatwemaynotrepeatthiserror.•6）礼貌Courtesy、体谅consideration•Wemustrefuseyouroffer.•Weregretthatweareunabletoacceptyouroffer.•Weareextremelyandsincerelysorryfortheerrorandaskthatyouacceptourhumbleandsincereapologyfortheundueinconveniencesufferedbyyou.•Weareconcernedabouttheinconvenienceyouhavesuffered,andapologizesincerely.•Wearepleasedtoannouncethat...•Youwillbepleasedtoknowthat...•Apparentlyyoumisunderstoodourorder.Anywayyoushippedthewrongthing.•Apparentlyourinstructionsarenotclear,withtheresultthatthewrongarticlewasshipped.•a.YourletterisnotclearatallandIcannotunderstandit.•b.IfIunderstoodyourlettercorrectly,Iwouldimmediatelyacceptyouroffer.•请贵方来函内容更清楚些，这样我方便可立即接受贵方报盘。商贸信函翻译原则•数量准则•1）翻译不要漏译，力求完整。•2）翻译时不得随意增添信息，力求严谨•质量准则•1）翻译不可夸大其辞，力求真实•2）翻译要使用套语，力求规范•Inreplytoyourinquiryof25thMarch,wearepleasedtoofferyouthefollowing.•兹答复三月二十五日询价，并报盘如下。•收到对方来函时用：•Weareinreceiptofyourletter/Weacknowledgereceiptofyourletter/Wehavereceivedyourletter•贵函敬悉/贵函收悉/来函收悉•表示通知对方时：•Wearepleasedtoinformyou…•特此奉告•Noticeisherebygiventhat…•特此函告•回复对方的来信时用：•Inreplytoyourletterof(+日期)/Regardingyourletterof(+日期)/Referringtoyourletterof(+日期)•兹回复贵方（某日）来函•希望对方回复时用：•Yourkindreplywillgreatlyobligeus.•如蒙答复，当不胜感激。/敬请回复。/盼复/望赐复。•Your(prompt)replywouldbeappreciated.•敬请（速）回复。•Lookingforwardtoyourpositive/favourable/affirmativereply•敬候佳音•随函附上某物时用：•Enclosedwehand/Enclosedpleasefind/Weareenclosing…•同函奉上/随函附上…•表示礼貌委婉的语气用：•Thankyoufor…•感谢贵方…•Weareglad/pleasedto…•很高兴…•Wearegrateful(obliged)for…•对...深表感激…•Weregretto…•非常遗憾…•Weareverysorryto…•甚为遗憾…•3）在翻译时要注意商业术语和缩略语，力求准确•WeshallcoverTPNDonyourorder.•我们将为贵方货物投盗窃和提货不着险。•Theft,PilferageandNon-Delivery•CIF•(cost,freightandinsurance)到岸价•FOB•(freeonboard)离岸价•proformainvoice•形式发票•方式准则•1）翻译不能用陈腐、晦涩的语言，力求得体•2）翻译避免使用产生歧义的语言，力求具体•3）翻译要避免啰嗦，力求简洁•Wewishtodrawyourattentiontothefactthatourclientsareinurgentneedofthecontractedgood.•敬请注意，我方客户急