unit-2-space-invaders

Unit2SpaceInvadersCONTENTSONEPre-readingActivitiesHumanCommunication•Threeelementsareinvolvedinanyface-to-facecommunication.•1.actualwords(verbal)•2.tone,pitch,paceofvoice(vocal)•3.facialexpressions,gestures,postures(visual)7%38%55%FromSecretofBodyLanguageWatchthevideoandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Howisthe“gettingthroughthedoor”movementunderstoodbymanypeople?Manyviewthisapparentlylight-heartedtussleasasignthatArafatandBarakweregettingonwell.ArafatandBarakarestrugglingtogetthroughthedooraftertheotherpartyinordertoshow“Iamincontrol”.2.Whatisthehiddenmessagebehindthescene?Bodylanguageisveryimportant,butoftencomplexandeasilymisunderstood.3.Whatdoesthisstorytellus?FromSecretofBodyLanguageCulturalinformationPersonalspacecanbeimaginedasakindofbubblesurroundingapersonthatprotectshisorherprivacyandwhichotherpeoplemaynotnormallyenter.Allowingsomebodytogetverycloseandenteryourpersonalspacemaybeasignoftrustorlove.Ontheotherhand,intrudingother’spersonalspacecanberatheroffensive.Theamountofspacepeopleneedtofeelaroundthemvarieswithvariousfactors,suchasculture,sex,familiaritybetweenpeople,crowdednessofthesituation,etc.Forexample:Culturalinformation●peoplefromculturesthatlikealotofpersonalspacefeelawkwardandembarrassedwhensomebodycomestooclosetothem;●peopleofthesamesexmaysitorstandclosertoeachotherthantosomebodyoftheoppositesex;●strangersandcasualacquaintancesusuallyneedmorespacethanfriendsandmembersofthesamefamilywhoknoweachotherwell;●inanoisystreetpeoplemayneedtostandcloserthantheywouldnormally,simplyinordertoheareachother.CulturalinformationZonesforpersonalspace•Intimatedistance:(0-18inches)betweenclosefriends,familymembers;showaffection,givecomfortorprotect.•Personaldistance:(1.5-4feet)mostconversation.•Socialdistance:(4-12feet)lesspersonalsituations,inbusinessorworkshop.•Publicdistance:(12feet)lecture,churches,publicgathering.TWOGlobalReadingStructuralanalysisThetextcanbedividedinto?parts.(Paragraphs1—2):Thewritercallsthereader’sattentiontotheinvasionofpersonalspacebyrelatinganexperienceofhowhispersonalspacewasinvaded.(Paragraphs3—7):Thewriteranalyzessomelikelycausesoftheshrinkageofpersonalspace,andattributestheinvasionofpersonalspacetothegeneraldeclineofgoodmanners.(Paragraph8—9):Theauthorpresentshisviewabouttheessenceofpersonalspace,i.e.itispsychological,ratherthanphysical,andurgespeopleto“expandthecontractingboundariesofpersonalspace”.PartⅠPartⅡPartⅢRhetoricalFeatures●Avividandaccuratedescriptionofthebehaviourofthespaceinvadersandthosewhosepersonalspaceisbeinginvadedisachievedbyadelicateselectionofverbs.Someoftheexamplesareasfollows.Verbsandverbalphrasesusedtodescribethebehaviourofspaceinvaders:•aman…startedinchingtowardme…(Paragraph1)•Inelevators,peoplearewedgingthemselvesinjustbeforethedoorsclose...(Paragraph3)•Inmovietheatresthesedays,peoplearestakingaclaimtobotharmrests,annexingalltheelbowroom...(Paragraph7)RhetoricalFeaturesVerbsandverbalphrasesusedtodescribethereactionofthosewhosespaceisbeinginvaded:•Iminutelyadvancedtowardthewoman…infrontofme...(Paragraph1)•…whoabsent-mindedlyshuffledtowardthewhite-hairedladyaheadofhim...(Paragraph1)Practice:Pleasefindmoreexamplestoillustratetheauthor’scarefulchoiceofverbs.THREEDetailReadingPara.DetailReadingPara.Para.Para.Para.Para.Para.Para.Para.SPACEINVADERSRichardStengel1Atmybanktheotherday,Iwasstandinginalinesnakingaroundsometiredvelvetropeswhenamaninasweat-suitstartedinchingtowardmeinhiseagernesstodeposithisSocialSecuritycheck.Ashedidso,IminutelyadvancedtowardthewomanreadingtheWallStreetJournalinfrontofme,who,inmildannoyance,begantosidleuptothemanscribblingacheckinfrontofher,whoabsent-mindedlyshuffledtowardthewhite-hairedladyaheadofhim,untilwewereallhugger-muggeragainsteachother,theoriginallazylinehavingcollapsedinonitselflikeaSlinky.1ChaineffectcauseschaosIestimatethatmypersonalspaceextendseighteeninchesinfrontofmyface,onefoottoeachside,andaboutteninchesinback—thoughitisnearlyimpossibletomeasureexactlyhowfarbehindyousomeoneisstanding.Thephrase“personalspace”hasaquaint,seventiesringtoit(“You’reinvadingmyspace,man”),butitisoneofthosegratifyingexpressionsthatareintuitivelyunderstoodbyallhumanbeings.Likethetwelve-milelimitaroundournationalshores,personalspaceisourindividualborderbeyondwhichnostrangercanpenetratewithoutmakingusuneasy.2analogyLately,I’vefoundthatmypersonalspaceisbeinginvadedmorethaneverbefore.Inelevators,peoplearewedgingthemselvesinjustbeforethedoorsclose;onthestreet,pedestriansarezigzaggingthroughthehumantraffic,jostlingothers,refusingtogiveway;onthesubway,ridersarenolongertakingpainstocarveoutlittlezonesofspacebetweenthemselvesandfellow-passengers;inlinesatairports,peoplearepressingforwardlikefidgetytaxisatredlights.3Atfirst,Iattributedthistendencytothe“populationexplosion”andtherelentlessMalthusianlogicthatiftwiceasmanypeopleinhabittheplanetnowasdidtwentyyearsago,eachofushashalfasmuchspace.Recently,I’vewonderedifit’stheseason:T-shirtweathercanmakeproximitymorealluring(ormuch,muchless).OrperhapstheproliferationofcoffeebarsinManhattan—thenumberseemstod