高中英语阅读理解(附答案、解析、翻译)[1]1

Passage1TherearestoriesabouttwoU．S.presidents，AndrewJacksonandMartinVanBuren，whichattempttoexplaintheAmericanEnglishtermOK．Wedon’tknowifeitherstoryistrue，buttheyarebothinteresting．ThefirstexplanationisbasedonthefactthatPresidentJacksonhadverylittleeducation．Infact，hehaddifficultyreadingandwriting．WhenimportantpaperscametoJackson，hetriedtoreadthemandthenhadhisassistantsexplainwhattheysaid．Ifheapprovedofapaper．hewouldwrite“allcorrect”onit．Theproblemwasthathedidn’tknowhowtospell．Sowhathereallywrotewas“olkorekt”．Afterawhile，heshortenedthattermto“OK”．ThesecondexplanationisbasedontheplacewherePresidentVanBurenwasborn，Kinderhook，NewYork．VanBnren’sfriendsorganizedaclubtohelphimbecomePresidentTheycanedtheclubtheOldKinderhookClub，andanyonewhosupportedVanBurenwascalled“OK”．31．TheauthorA.believesbothofthestoriesB．doesn’tbelieveawordofthestoriesC．isnotsurewhetherthestoriesaretrueD.istellingthestoriesjustforfun32.Accordingtothepassage，PresidentJacksonA．couldn’tdrawupanydocumentsatallB.didn’tliketoreadimportantpapersbyhimselfC．oftenhadhisassistantssigndocumentsforhimD.wasn’tgoodatreading，writingorspelling33．Accordingtothefirststory,theterm“OK”A.wasapprovedofbyPresidentJacksonB．wasthetitleofsomeOfficialdocumentsC．wasfirstusedbyPresidentJacksonD．wasanoldwaytospell“allcorrect’’34.Accordingtothesecondstory，theterm‘‘OK”A．wastheshortwaytosay‘‘oldKinderhookClub”B．meanttheplacewherePresidentVanBurenwasbornC．wasthenameofVanBuren’sclubD．wasusedtocallVanBuren’ssupportersintheelection35．Accordingtothesecondstory．theterm“OK”wasfirstused__A．byVanBurenB．inapresidentialelectionC．toorganizetheOldKinderhookClubD．bythemembersofthe‘‘OldKinderhookClub”Passage2AlthoughtheUnitedStatescoverssomuchlandandthelandproducesfarmorefoodthanthepresentpopulationneeds，itspeoplearebynowalmostentirelyanurbansocietyLessthanatenthofthepeopleareengagedinagricultureandforestry(林业)，andmostoftherestliveinoraroundtowns，smallandlarge．Herethetraditionalpictureischanging：everysmalltownmaystillbeverylikeothersmalltowns，andthetypicalsmalltownmayrepresentawidelyacceptedviewofthecountry，butmostAmericansdonotliveinsmalltownsanymore．Halfthepopulationnowlivesinsomethirtymetropolitanareas(1argecitieswiththeirsuburbs、ofmorethanamillionpeopleeach—alargerproportionthaninGermanyorEngland，letaloneFrance．Thestatistics(统计)ofurbanandruralpopulationshouldbetreatedwithcautionbecausesomanypeoplewholiveinareasclassifiedasruraltravelbycartoworkinanearbytowneachday．Astherushtoliveoutoftowncontinues．ruralareaswithinreachoftownsaregraduallyfilledwithhouses，sothatitishardtosayatwhatmomentapieceofcountrybecomesasuburbButmoreandmorethetypicalAmericanlivesinametropolitanratherthanasmalltownenvironment．36．IfnowAmericahas250millionpeople．howmanyofthemareengagedinagricultureandforestry?A．About25million．B．Morethan25million．C．Lessthan25million．D.Lessthan225million37．Whichofthefollowingfourcountrieshasthesmallestproportionofpeoplelivinginmetropolitanareas?A．UnitedStates．B．Germany．C．France．D．England．38．What’sthemeaningoftheword“metropolitan”inthemiddleofthepassage?A.Ofalargecitywithitssuburbs．B．Ofsmallandlargetowns．C．Ofurbanareas．D．Ofruralareas．39．Accordingtothepassage，whatcanwelearnaboutsmalltownsintheUnitedStates?AMostsmalltownsbecomegraduallycrowdedB．Smalltownsarestillsimilartoeachother．C．Asthetraditionalpictureischanging，townsaredifferent．D.Smalltownsareturningintolargecities40．Whyisithardtosaywhenapieceofcountrybecomesasuburb?A．Becausetheyarethesame．B．BecausetherushtakesplacetooquicklyC．Becausetheprocessisgradual．D．BecausemoreandmoreAmericansliveinmetropolitanareas．Passage3Ifwewereaskedexactlywhatweweredoingayearago，weshouldprobablyhavetosaythatwecouldnotrememberButifwehadkeptabookandhadwritteninitanaccountofwhatwedideachday，weshouldbeabletogiveananswertothequestion.ItisthesameinhistoryManythingshavebeenforgottenbecausewedonothaveanywrittenaccountofthemSometimesmendidkeeparecordofthemostimportanthappeningsintheircountry，butoftenitwasdestroyedbyfireorinawar．SometimestherewasneveranywrittenrecordatallbecausethepeopleofthattimeandplacedidnotknowhowtoWrite．Forexample，weknowagooddealaboutthepeoplewholivedinChina4，000yearsago,becausetheycouldwriteandleavewrittenrecordsforthosewholivedafterthem．Butweknowalmostnothingaboutthepeoplewholivedeven200yearsagoincentralAfrica．becausetheyhadnotlearnedtowrite．Sometimes．ofcourse，evenifthepeoplecannotwrite，theymayknowsomethingofthepast．Theyhaveheardaboutitfromolderpeople，andoftensongsanddancesandstorieshavebeenmadeaboutthemostimportanthappenings，andthesehavebeensungandactedandtoldformanygenerationsFormostpeopleareproudtotellwhattheirfathersdidinthepast．Thiswemaycall’rememberedhistory’．Someofithasnowbeenwrittendown.Itisnotsoexactorsovaluabletousaswrittenhistoryis，becausewordsaremuchmoreeasilychangedwhenusedagainandagaininspeechthanwhencopiedinwriting．Butwheretherearenowrittenrecords，suchspokenstoriesareoftenveryhelpful．41.Whichofthefollowingideasisnotsuggestedinthepassage?A．“Rememberedhistory”，comparedwithwrittenhistory，islessreliableB．Writtenrecordsofthepastplaythe