形容词和副词英语语法讲解PPT

形容词与副词（一）形容词的作用1．作定语，如：acarelessdriver2．作表语，与系动词连用。如：•Thedeskisclean.3．作宾语补足语，用在cut,find,keep,leave,make,push,tear等动词之后。如：•Thenewsmadeeveryonehappy.一、形容词•4．与定冠词一起表示某一类人或物,如：•Therichandthepoorliveverydifferentlives.•5．作状语，表示伴随、原因、结果等。如：•Hewenttobed,coldandhungry.•（一）副词的作用•1．作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。如：•Hehadworkedhardallhislife.（修饰动词）•Heisverydiligent.（修饰形容词）•Youcanfindbooksonthatsubjectquiteeasily.（修饰副词）•LuckilyshewasinwhenIcalled.（修饰句子）二、副词•2．作表语，表示地点及位置。如：•Theyaredownstairs.•3．作定语，如：•Thepopulationhereisgettingsmallerandsmaller.三、形容词和副词的区别：1.形容词修饰系动词，副词修饰行为动词。Shealwayslooks_________.(美丽）Sheisalwaysdressed____________.beautifulbeautifully2.形容词修饰名词；副词修饰形容词，副词和全句。Hehasgotaseriousillness.（名词）Heisseriouslyill.（形容词）Youcanfindbooksonthatsubjectquiteeasily.（副词）LuckilyshewasinwhenIcalled.（句子）四、形容词和副词的比较等级原级1.肯定as＋adj./adv.原级＋as2.否定notas(so)＋adj./adv.原级＋as3.倍数倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as倍数＋thesize(height,length,width)＋of如：1.Mr.SunspeaksEnglishasfluentlyasyou.2.Thisbuildinglooksnotso(as)highasthatone.3.Thisroomisthreetimesaslargeasthatone.原级比较级最高级much/manyill/bad/badlylittlemoremostworseworstlessleast比较级1.构成形式：-ermore注意不规则变化good/wellfarbetterbestfartherfarthestfurtherfurthest2.用法A.表示一方超过另一方“比较级（-er/more)＋than”B.表示一方不及另一方“less＋原级＋than”C.表示越来越…“比较级＋and＋比较级”D.表示越…越…“the＋比较级…,the＋比较级…”E.表示两者中比较…“the＋比较级…＋ofthetwo”F.表示倍数“倍数＋比较级＋than”3.比较级前的副词或副词短语。•“一点点,稍微”：alittle(bit),slightly,any,some•“…得多”：many,much,alot,far,byfar•“更，甚”：even,still4.比较级句型表达最高级含义+anyother+单数名词比较级+theother+复数名词+anyoftheother+复数名词•Tomistallerthananyoftheotherboysinhisclass.(=Tomisthetallestboyinhisclass.)1.形容词后置：A.修饰some,any,no,every等构成的复合不定代词要后置。如：somethingnew;nothingserious;anythinginteresting五、形容词和副词的一些特别用法B.else修饰不定代词和疑问代词时，要后置。如：Nobodyelseissosillyasyouare.C.“enough”作定语时一般放在中心词前；但作副词时只能后置。Wehaveenoughfoodtoeat.Sheisoldenoughtogotoschool.E.某些形容词，如:present(在场的，出席的),involved(有关的),concerned(相关的),left(剩下的),mentioned(提及的),selected(当选的)等。如:thestudentspresent(出席的学生)thecostinvolved(所需费用)D.以a-开头的形容词做定语要后置。如：alike,alive,alone,asleep,afraid,awake…如：Heistheonlymanawakeatthattime.2.多个形容词修饰名词的顺序：限定词（冠词，代词）---数词---描绘形容词（beautiful,good,interesting,kind)---特征形容词(大小+长短+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料)---名词1.This_______girlisLind’scousin.A.prettylittleSpanishB.SpanishlittleprettyC.SpanishprettylittleD.littleprettySpanish2.Onedaytheycrossedthe____bridgebehindthepalace.A.oldChinesestoneB.ChineseoldstoneC.oldstoneChineseD.ChinesestoneoldAA如:anoldChinesestonebridgethoselargeroundblackwoodentables3.so和such的用法A:基本用法：such+n./n.p.;so+adj./adv.BB:修饰可数名词单数，so和such可以互换；如：sogoodastudent，suchagoodstudentC:so可加many,much,few,little等，而such不能。如：somanypeople,solittlewaterCanyoubelievethatin_____arichcountrythereshouldbe_____manypoorpeople?A.such,suchB.such,soC.so,soD.so,such4.两种形式的副词1)close与closelyclose意思是“近”；closely意思是“仔细地”Heissittingclosetome.Watchhimclosely.2)late与latelylate意思是“晚”；lately意思是“最近”Youhavecometoolate.Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?3)deep与deeplydeep意思是“深”，表示时间和空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，深深地Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.Heoftenworksdeepintothenight.Evenfatherwasdeeplymovedbythefilm.4)high与highlyhigh表示空间高度；highly表示程度，“高度地”Theplanewasflyinghigh.Ithinkhighlyofyouropinion.5)wide与widelywide表示空间宽度；widely意思是“广泛地”，“在许多地方”Heopenedthedoorwide.Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.6)free与freelyfree的意思是免费；freely的意思是无限制地Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurantwheneveryoulike.Youmayspeakfreely;saywhatyoulike.注意下列各组副词的区别1)just---justnow2)rather---quite---fairly3)yet---still---already4)hard---hardly---rarely---scarcely5)muchtoo---toomuch6)most---mostly---almost7)especially---specially8)everyday---everyday9)sometime---sometimes---sometime巩固练习：1.It’salwaysdifficultbeinginaforeigncountry,_____ifyoudon’tspeakthelanguage.A.ExtremelyB.naturallyC.basicallyD.especially2.Wouldyoube_____domeafavor?A.kindenoughB.sokindastoC.sokindtoD.kindasto3.Theguidetoldusthathewouldorganizesomebusinessmenfromabroadtohaveatour_____thenextmonth.A.sometimeB.sometimeC.sometimesD.sometimes4.Itis____thathisEnglishis_____perfect.A.sure…veryB.right…ratherC.exact…fairlyD.certain…quiteDBBD5.Alienhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas____tocarryallthewayhome.A.muchtooheavyB.toomuchheavyC.heavytoomuchD.tooheavymuchA1.Shedoesn’tspeak___herfriends,butherwrittenworkisexcellent.A.aswellasB.asoftenasC.somuchasD.asgoodas2.Ofallthestorybooks,Ilikethisone____.It’snotinterestingatall.A.verymuchB.thebestC.verylessD.theleastAD3.---Ifyoudon’tliketheredcoat,taketheblueone.---Ok,butdoyouhave___sizeinblue?Thisoneisabittightforme.A.abigB.abiggerC.thebigD.thebigger4.Ifthemanagerhadtochoosebetweenthetwo,hewouldsayJohnwas___choice.A.goodB.thebestC.betterD.thebetterBD5.Manypeoplehavehelpedwithcannedfood,however,thefoodbankneeds___forthepoor.A.moreB.muchC.manyD.most6.—Thisstorybookisnotinterestingatall.--Well,I’lllendyou___one,Ok?A.themostinterestingB.amostinterestingC.mostinterestingD.muchinterestingAB7.---It’ssohottoday.---Itsurelyis.It’s___yesterday.A.twodegreeshotterthanB.twodegreesashotasC.twodegreehotterthanD.astwodegreeshotasA8.(2003北京)Ourneighbourhas___ours.A.asabighouseasB.asbigahouseasC.thesamebighouseasD.