高英II-2课文后练习+答案

1高英II-2课文后练习：I.Writeshortnoteson:MarrakechandMorocco.SuggestedReferenceBooks[SRB]1.anystandardgazetteer2.EncyclopaediaBritannicaMarrakech:inwestcentralMorocco,attheNorthernfootofthehighAtlas,130milessouthofCasablanca,thechiefseaport.Thecityrenownedforleathergoods,isoneoftheprincipalcommercialcentersofMorocco.Itwasfoundedin1062andwasthecapitalofMoroccofromthenuntil1147andagainfrom1550to1660.ItwascapturedbytheFrenchin1912,whenitsmoderngrowthbegan.Ithasextremelyhotsummersbutmildwinters.Yearlyrainfallis9inchesandlimitedtowintermonths.ThecitywasformerlyalsocalledMorocco.Morocco:LocatedinNorthAfrica,ontheMediterraneanSeaandtheAtlanticOcean.MoroccoisthefarthestwestofalltheArabcountries.Rabatisthecapital.Theestimatedpopulationin1973was15,600,000.About2000B.C.itwassettledbyBerbertribes,whohaveformedthebasisofthepopulationeversince.TheArabsinvadedMoroccointhe7thcentury,bringingwiththemIslam.Fromtheendofthe17thcenturyuntiltheearly19thcenturyMoroccowasalmostentirelyfreefromforeigninfluence.Butin1912,aFranco-SpanishagreementdividedMoroccointo4administrativezones.Itgainedindependencein1956andbecameaconstitutionalmonarchyin1957.MoroccoisamemberoftheUnitedNations,theLeagueofArabStates,andtheOrganizationofAfricanUnity.Moroccansaremainlyfarmers(70%)whotrytogrowtheirownfood.Theyoftenusecamels,donkeysandmulestopulltheirplows.Inthesouthafewtribesmenstill,wanderfromplacetoplaceinthedesert.II.Questionsoncontent:1.Insteadoftellingthereaderthatthenativesarepoor,Orwellshowspovertyinatleastfiveways.Identifythem.Herearefivethingshedescribestoshowpoverty-(a)theburialofthepoorinhabitants(b)anArabNavvy,anemployeeofthemunicipality,beggingforapieceofbread(c)themiserablelivesoftheJewsintheghettoes(d)cultivationofthepoorsoil;(e)theoldwomencarryingfirewood.2.HowarepeopleburiedinMarrakech?Seeparagraphs1and23.Explainthesentence,Allcolonialempiresareinrealityfoundeduponthatfact.(para3)Alltheimperialistsbuilduptheirempiresbytreatingthepeopleinthecoloniesasanimalsinsteadofashumanbeings.4.Whatdoyouthinkmedievalghettoeswerelike?MedievalghettoeswereprobablyliketheJewishquartersinMarrakech--overcrowded,thousandsofpeoplelivinginanarrowstreet,housescompletelywindowless,andthewholeareadirtyandunhygienic.5.Whydoesthewritersay,Agoodjob.Hitlerwasn'there?IfHitlerwerehere,alltheJewswouldhavebeenmassacred大规模屠杀.6.Whatkindofpeople,accordingtoOrwell,arepartlyinvisible?Whydoeshestressthispoint?Thosewhoworkwiththeirhandsarepartlyinvisible.It’sonlybecauseofthisthatthestarvedcountriesofAsiaandAfricaareacceptedastouristresorts.Thepeoplearenottreatedashumanbeings,anditisonthisfactthatallcolonialempiresareinrealityfounded.7.HowwaslandcultivatedinMorocco?Seeparagraph188.Whywastheoldwomansurprisedwhenthewritergaveherafive-soupiece?Theoldwomanwassurprisedbecausesomeonewastakingnoticeofherandtreatingherasahumanbeing.Sheacceptedherstatusasanoldwoman,thatistosay,asabeastofburden.29.Whatdideverywhitemanthinkwhenhesawablackarmymarchingpast?Everywhitemanthought.Howmuchlongercanwegoonkiddingthesepeople?Howlongbeforetheyturntheirgunsintheotherdirection?Theyknewtheycouldnotgoonfoolingtheseblackpeopleanylonger.Somedaytheywouldriseupinrevoltandfreethemselves.III.Questionsonappreciation:1.Thethingsofvalue,OrwellsaysinWhyIWrite,arealwayspolitical.Isthisessaypolitical?Hasthewritersaidanythingofvalue?Yes,itis.InthisessayOrwelldenouncestheevilsofcolonialismorimperialismbymercilesslyexposingthepoverty,miseryanddegradationofthenativepeopleinthecolonies.2.Orwelldescribeshumansufferingandmiseryratherobjectively.Howthencanyoutellthatheisoutragedatthespectacleofmisery?Hemanagestoshowthatheisoutragedatthespectacleofmisery,first,throughtheappropriateuseofwordssecond,throughthecleverchoiceofthesceneshedescribes;third,throughthetoneinwhichhedescribesthesescenesandfinally,bycontrastingtheindignationatthecruelhandlingofthedonkeywiththeunconcerntowardsthefateofthehumanbeings.3.Whydoesthewriterrevealhisfeelingsaboutthedonkeysbutconcealhisfeelingsaboutthepeople?Whateffectdoesthiscontrasthaveonthereader?Becausethatshowsthecrueltreatmentthedonkeysreceiveevokesagreaterfeelingofsympathyinthebreastsofthewhitemastersthanthemiserablefateofthepeople.Thiscontrasthaveonthereaderaneffectthatthepeoplearenotconsiderednortreatedashumanbeings.4.Couldparas4-7justaswellcomeafter8-15asbefore?Couldothergroupsofparagraphsberearranged?Whatdoesthisindicateabouttheorganization?Whatgivestheessaycoherence?Paragraphs4-7couldaswellcomeafter8-15asbefore.Othergroupsofparagraphscouldberearranged.Thisindicatesthatthewholepassageismadeupofvariousindependentexamplesorillustrationsofthepeople'spovertyandsuffering.Thecentraltheme--allcolonialempiresareinrealityfoundeduponthisfact--givesunityandcohesiontothewholeessay.5.Doesthisessaygivereadersanewinsightintoimperialism?Hasthewritersucceededinshowingthatimperialismisanevilthing?Thisessaygivesanewinsightintoimperialism.Yes,hehassucceededinshowingthatimperialismisanevilthing.6.CommentonOrwell'slucidstyleandfineattentiontosignificantdescriptivedetails.Orwellisgoodattheappropriateuseofsimpleb