1篇文章搞定英语时态

1篇文章搞定英语时态月球之旅AJourneytothemoon一般现在时105一般现在时的构成Themoonandourearthareneighboursinspace.Themoonisaboutaquarterofamillionmilesaway.Ourearthhasonlyonesatellite,butsomeoftheplanetshaveseveral.Themoonmovesaroundtheearthwhiletheearthandtheeightotherplanetsmovearoundthesun.106一般现在时用于表示客观事实107一般现在时用于表示真理、格言和谚语Humankindknowsmuchaboutthemoon.Togivejustonesmallexample,somethingthatweights1,000gramsontheearthisonly166gramsonthemoon.Newtonsaidmanyyearsagothatthereisagravitationalpullbetweenanytwoobjects.Ifamanwantstosteponthemoon,hehastoescapetheearth’sgravity.It’snoteasy,ofcourse.Butwherethereisawill,thereisaway.108一般现在时表示经常存在的状态或发生的动作Peoplealsoknowhowtomarktimebythecycleofthemoon.Thereisafullmoononceamonth.Somepeopleoftentakewalksonthenightoftherisingroom.Theysometimeswalkalongthebeachallnight.109一般现在时表示现在时刻的稳定状态Theythinkitisromantic.Theywanttoenjoylifetoitsfullest.MissBrownisoneofthesepeople.Shehopesthateachmorningwillbringanewadventure.Shelovestheexcitementoflifeandhatestorepeatthesameworkdayafterday.MissBrownisasecretaryandworksforNASA.Shewritesletters,answersthetelephone,andmeetspeople.Sheisagoodsecretaryandusescomputersskillfully.Shehelpsherbosstoplanhistimeandtofinishhiswork.110一般现在时表示严格按计划发生的将来情形Hereisoneoftheplans:WeleaveWashingtonat9:00nextMondayandarriveinLondonat12:00.WespendthreedaysinLondonandleaveforPairsat17:30nextThursday.111一般现在时可以代替现在完成时的个别表现形式Itissevenyearssinceshebecameasecretary.112一般现在时表示将来的情形MissBrownistiredofherworkandherbossknowsthat.Ifnothinggoeswrong,shewilltakeanewjobwhenshecomesbackfromEurope.113一般现在时用于表示操作性示范说明NowMissBrownworksasanarratorforvisitorstothespace.“Youmaywonderhowthemoonalwaysappearstohavethesamefacetowardtheearthasitcirclesaroundit.Thereisaneasyanswer.Standinaroom,andplaceachairinfrontofyou.Youarethemoon.Thechairistheearth.Now,goaroundthechair,facingitatalltimes......Wanttoseearealspaceship?Okay.Gostraightthroughthehall,turnleftandcrossaplayground.114以here，there开头的感叹句中用一般现在时“Youcaneitherwalkortakeabus.Oh!Herecomesthebus.”115现在进行时表示现阶段正在进行的动作ThousandsofAmericansarewaitingforanexcitingmomentatCapeKennedyinFlorida.Infact,peopleallovertheworldaretalkingaboutthejourneytothemoonthesedays.116现在进行时与一般现在时的比较Thejournalistsarebusywritingspecialreports.Theyusuallywearverycasualclothesbuttheyarewearingsuitstoday.117现在进行时表示委婉的语气“Iamwonderingifyoucantellusmoreaboutthisflight.”118现在进行时表示临时性的情形Eventhetoughestjournalistsarebeingpolite.119现在进行时可用于表示对人或对物的看法Journalistsarealwaystryingtheirbesttowritespecialstories.120持续性动词用于现在进行时以表示动作的生动性与临时性“Thirtysecondsandcounting.”avoicefromtheloudspeakerreachesfar.Thepowerfulrocketisstandingstillagainstthebluesky.121现在进行时可以表示将来的动作“Five...Four...Three...Two....One....”Then,suddenly,allenginesareroaringandApollo11isrisinggentlyintothesky.Threemenaremovingtowardsthemoon.Theyarecomingbacktotheeartheightdayslater.122瞬间动词用于现在进行时的情形Fourdayslater,morethan500millionpeoplearewatchingonverypoorqualitytelevisionpicturesasthespaceshipreachesmoon.Then,afootmovesintothepicture.“Thatisonesmallstepforaman,onegiantleapformankind.”Peopleallovertheworldarejumpingandcheering.Beforelong,thousandsofengineersandscientistsinothercountriesarejoiningtheresearchgroupsforspaceexploration.一般过去式123一般过去时的含义与构成Inthepast,peoplewerenotclearabouthowahumanbeingcouldliveandworkoutsidetheearth.Infact,theyhadlittleknowledgeaboutspace.Beforethefirstmanwentintospace,somescientistsbelievedthattheastronautsmightbeveryconfusedbysilenceandloneliness.124would和usedto的异同Thescientistswouldtrytoimaginehowtheastronautswouldsurvive,forthereusedtobeatheorythattheheartmightbeweakenedbyhavingtoolittleworktodoinspaceandsobeunabletostandthetrainofcomingbacktotheearth.Becauseofthesefears,somepeopleusedtogiveuptheattempttotravelinspace.125含有usedto的一组短语的不同用法However,whathappenedlaterchangedtheirminds.Adogwassentintospacewithasatellite.Thelittledogseemedabituneasyatfirst,butshesoongotusedtolivinginspace.Thatsuggestedthatastronautscouldalsobeusedtolivingandworkinginspace,iftheyhaveacarefultraining.Actually,somescientificinstrumentswereusedtogetthenecessarydataforthetraining.过去进行时126过去进行时的基本含义与构成Thetrainingforlandingonthemoonwassoeasy.Itwouldalsobedangerous.Oneday,threeAmericanastronautsweretrainingthemselveswhenfiresuddenlybrokeoutinsideaspaceshipontheground.127过去进行时表示背景时的用法128过去进行时可以表示两个动作的对比Whiletheastronautsweretryingtoopenthehatchfromtheinside,theengineersweretryingtoopenthehatchfromtheoutside.Buttherewasnowaytoopenthehatchquickly,eitherfromtheinsideorfromtheoutside.Thethreeastronautssoondied.129过去进行时可以表示过去将来时的含义However,anewerawascomingnomatterwhathadhappened.130一般过去时与过去进行时的区别Intheyearthatfollowed,theengineerswereworkinghardtoredesignthespaceship.131过去进行时与always等连用时所表示的意义Theywerealwaystryingtheirbesttomakeeachpartaperfectone.WhattheApollopeoplerememberedmostwasnotthethreeastronauts’deathsbutsomethingoneofthemhadsaid:“Ifwedie,wewantpeopletoacceptit.Theconquestofspaceisworththeriskoflife.”过去完成时132过去完成时的含义与构成BeforeApollo11visitedthemoon,Americanshadsenttenotherspaceshipsintospace.HumanshadbeentospacemanytimesbeforeApollo