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《离散数学》双语专业词汇表set:集合subset:子集element,member:成员,元素well-defined:良定,完全确定brace:花括号representation:表示sensible:有意义的rationalnumber:有理数emptyset:空集Venndiagram:文氏图contain(in):包含(于)universalset:全集finite(infinite)set:有限(无限)集cardinality:基数,势powerset:幂集operationonsets:集合运算disjointsets:不相交集intersection:交union:并complementofBwithrespecttoA:A与B的差集symmetricdifference:对称差commutative:可交换的associative:可结合的distributive:可分配的idempotent:等幂的deMorgan’slaws:德摩根律inclusion-exclusionprinciple:容斥原理sequence:序列subscript:下标recursive:递归explicit:显式的string:串,字符串setcorrespondingtoasequence:对应于序列的集合lineararray(list):线性表characteristicfunction:特征函数countable(uncountable):可数(不可数)alphabet:字母表word:词emptysequence(string):空串catenation:合并,拼接regularexpression:正则表达式division:除法multiple:倍数prime:素(数)algorithm:算法commondivisor:公因子GCD(greatestcommondivisor):最大公因子LCM(leastcommonmultiple):最小公倍数Euclidianalgorithm:欧几里得算法,辗转相除法pseudocode:伪码(拟码)matrix:矩阵squarematrix:方阵row:行column:列entry(element):元素diagonalmatrix:对角阵Booleanmatrix:布尔矩阵join:并meet:交Booleanproduct:布尔乘积mathematicalstructure(system):数学结构(系统)closedwithrespectto:对…是封闭的binaryoperation:二元运算unaryoperation:一元运算identity:么元,单位元inverse:逆元statement,proposition:命题logicalconnective:命题联结词compoundstatement:复合命题propositionalvariable:命题变元negation:否定(式)truthtable:真值表conjunction:合取disjunction:析取quantifier:量词universalquantification:全称量词化propositionalfunction:命题公式predicate:谓词existentialquantification:存在量词化converse:逆命题conditionalstatement,implication:条件式,蕴涵式consequent,conclusion:结论,后件contrapositive:逆否命题hypothesis:假设,前提,前件biconditional,equivalence:双条件式,等价logicallyequivalent:(逻辑)等价的contingency:可满足式tautology:永真(重言)式contradiction,absurdity:永假(矛盾)式logicallyfollow:是…的逻辑结论rulesofreference:推理规则modusponens:肯定律modustollens:否定律indirectmethod:间接证明法proofbycontradiction:反证法counterexample;反例basicstep:基础步principleofmathematicalinduction:(第一)数学归纳法inductionstep:归纳步stronginduction:第二数学归纳法relation:关系digraph:有向图orderedpair:有序对,序偶productset,Caretesianset:叉积,笛partition,quotientset:划分,商集block,cell:划分块,单元domain:定义域range:值域R-relativeset:R相关集vertex(vertices):结点,顶点edge:边in-degree:入度out-degree:出度path:通路,路径cycle:回路connectivityrelation:连通性关系reachabilityrelation:可达性关系composition:复合reflexive:自反的irreflexive:反自反的emptyrelation:空关系symmetric:对称的asymmetric:非对称的antisymmetric:反对称的graph:无向图undirectededge:无向边adjacentvertices:邻接结点connected:连通的transitive:传递的equivalentrelation:等价关系congruentto:与…同余modulus:模equivalenceclass:等价类linkedlist:链表storagecell:存储单元pointer:指针complementaryrelation:补关系inverse:逆关系closure:闭包symmetricclosure:对称闭包reflexiveclosure:自反闭包composition:关系的复合transitiveclosure:传递闭包Warshal’salgorithm:Warshall算法function,mapping,transformation:函数,映射,变换argument:自变量value,image:值,像,应变量labeleddigraph:标记有向图identityfunctiononA:A上的恒等函数everywheredefined:处处有定义的onto:到上函数,满射onetoone:单射,一对一函数bijection,one-to-onecorrespondence:双射,一一对应invertiblefunction:可逆函数floorfunction:下取整函数ceilingfunction:上取整函数Booleanfunction:布尔函数base2exponentialfunction:以2为底的指数函数logarithmfunctiontothebasen:以n为底的对数hashingfunction:杂凑函数key:键growthoffunction:函数增长sameorder:同阶lowerorder:低阶runningtime:运行时间permutation:置换,排列cyclicpermutation:循环置换,轮换transposition:对换odd(even)permutation:奇(偶)置换orderrelation:序关系partialorder:偏序关系partiallyorderedset,poset:偏序集dual:对偶comparable:可比较的linearorder(totalorder):线序,全序linearlyorderedset,chain:线(全)序集,链productpartialorder:积偏序lexicographicorder:字典序Hassediagram:哈斯图topologicalsorting:拓扑排序isomorphism:同构maximal(minimal)element:极大(小)元extremalelement:极值元素greatest(least)element:最大(小)元unitelement:么(单位)元zeroelement:零元upper(lower)bound:上(下)界leastupper(greatestlower)bound:上(下)确界lattice:格join:,保联,并meet:保交,交sublattice:子格absorptionproperty:吸收律boundedlattice:有界格distributivelattice:分配格complement:补元modularlattice:模格Booleanalgebra:布尔代数involutionproperty:对合律Booleanpolynomial,Booleanexpression:布尔多项式(表达式)or(and,not)gate:或(与,非)门inverter:反向器circuitdesign:线路设计minterm:极小项Karnaughmap:卡诺图tree:树root:根,根结点rootedtree:(有)根树level:层,parent:父结点offspring:子女结点siblings:兄弟结点height:树高leaf(leave):叶结点orderedtree:有序树n-tree:n-元树completen-tree:完全n-元树(complete)binarytree:(完全)二元(叉)树descendant:后代subtree:子树positionaltree:位置树positionalbinarytree:位置二元(叉)树doublylinkedlist:双向链表treesearching:树的搜索(遍历)traverse:遍历,周游preordersearch:前序遍历Polishform:(表达式的)波兰表示inordersearch:中序遍历postordersearch:后序遍历reversePolishform:(表达式的)逆波兰表示linked-listrepresentation:链表表示undirectedtree:无向树undirectededge:无向边adjacentvertices:邻接结点simplepath:简单路径(通路)simplecycle:简单回路acyclic:无(简单)回路的spanningtree:生成树,支撑树Prim’salgorithm:Prim算法minimalspanningtree:最小生成树weightedgraph:(赋)权图weight:树distance:距离nearestneighbor:最邻近结点greedyalgorithm:贪婪算法optimalsolution:最佳方法Kruskal’salgorithm:Kruskal算法graph:(无向)图vertex(vertices):结点edge:边endpoint:端点relationship:关系connection:连接degreeofavertex:结点的度loop:自回路path:路径isolatedvertex:孤立结点adjacentvertices:邻接结点circuit:回路simplepath(circuit):基本路径(回路)connected:连通的disconnected:不连通的component:分图discretegraph(nullgraph):零图completegraph:完全图regulargraph:正规图,正则图lineargraph:线性图subgraph:子图Eulerpath(circuit):欧拉路径(回路)KonisbergBridgeproblem:哥尼斯堡七桥问题ordinance:法规recycle:回收,再循环bridge:
本文标题:离散数学双语专业词汇表
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