答辩自述及问题

Goodafternoon.Distinguishedprofessorsandteachers,ladiesandgentlemen,thankyouforattendingtheoraldefense.IamZhuMin.Firstly,IwouldliketoexpressmysinceregratitudetomysupervisorprofessorWei,forherintellectualguidance,invaluableinstructionsandcommentsonmythesis.ItiswithhervaluableassistancethatIhavefinallyaccomplishedthisthesis.MytopicistheNarrativeTechniquesof“Araby”.“Araby”,reflectingthepsychologicalgrowthofateenagerisoneshortstoryinDublinersbyJamesJoyce.ItisaboutaDublinboywhofallsinlovewithhisfriend’ssister,butsuchloveillusionisbrokenfinallyafterhegoestothebazaartobuyagiftforthegirl.Thenarrativeangleofviewin“Araby”presentsaconsiderablevagueness,thenarrative-selfandtheexperiencing-selfaresometimescoincidedwhilesometimesseparated,andtheuniquewayofpresentingfictionalspeechalsoplaysanimportantroleintheshiftingofthenarrativeperspective.Itisalsoremarkablethattherearethreedifferentmoodsofthe“I”in“Araby”,whichisadistinctivepointofJoyce’snarrativemode.Therefore,thispapermainlyanalyzes“Araby”fromtwoaspects:thenarrativeperspectiveandthethreedifferentmoodsof“I”.ItisthroughthesetechniquesthatAraby’scoherenceandsymbolicmeaningbecomemoredistinctive,whichhaswellilluminatedthethemein“Araby”andtriestodisplayJamesJoyce’snarrativetechniques.Thewholethesisconsistsof4parts.ThefirstpartwillgiveabriefintroductionofJamesJoyceandhis“Araby”.AndthesecondpartisgoingtoanalyzethenarrativeangleofviewinAraby.Inthethirdpart,thenarrativetechniqueswillbefurtherdiscussed,itisadetailanalysisonthemoodsofAraby.Andthefourthpartistheconclusion.Ok,thisismypresentation.Thankyou.1.What’sthethemeofAraby?Arabytouchesonagreatofnumberofthemes:1.thecomingofage;2.thelossofinnocence;3.thelifeofthemindversuspoverty(bothphysicalandintellectual);4.thedangersofidealization;5.theCatholicChurch’sinfluencetomakeDublinaplaceofasceticismwheredesireandsensualityareseenasimmoral;6.thepainthatoftencomeswhenoneencountersloveinrealityinsteadofitselevatedform.Thesethemesbuildononeanotherentirelythroughthethoughtsoftheyoungboy,whoisportrayedbythefirst-personnarrator,whowritesfrommemory.2.WhatnarrativetechniquesdidJoyceadoptinAraby?ToportraythesocietyandthepeopleasrealinAraby,Joyceusesalotofdevicesofnarrative,suchasshiftsoffocalization,freedirectstyle,symbolicdevices,andepiphanyandsoon.ItisthenarrativetechniquesthatmakestheshortstoryArabybecomethemostpopularintheliterature.3.Whatnarrativemethodshaveyouanalyzedinyourthesis?What’sthefunction?Inthisthesis,IanalyzedtwotypicalnarrativemethodsofAraby,thenarrativeangleofviewandthethreemoodsof“I”.ThenarrativeangleofviewinArabypresentsaconsiderablevagueness,thenarrative-selfandtheexperiencing-selfaresometimescoincidedwhilesometimesseparated,whichleftahugespacetoreaderstoexperiencethedifferentfeelingsofthetwo“I”andtofindthethemewhichJoycehidesinthepatternsofnarration.4.WhatmeansdidJoyceadopttoshiftthesedifferentnarrativeanglesofview?TherearetwowaysJoyceusedinArabytoshiftthenarrativeanglesofview.Firstly,theshiftofnarrativeperspectivethroughdescription.Secondly,theshiftofnarrativeperspectivethroughcertainwords.5.HowmanymoodsdidJoyceuseinAraby?Andwhat’sthefunction?ThefirstpersonnarrationofshortstoryArabyhasthreedifferentmoodsofthe“I”:theimmature“I”,theromantic“I”andthecritical“I”.Theterm“mood”invokesakindofthegrammaticalverbcategory.Strictlyspeaking,themoodcategorizesverbformaccordingtowhethertheyexpressawish,acommand,afact,orapossibility.MetaphoricallyGenetteletstheterm“mood”capture“thedegreeoftheaffirmation”or“thedifferentpointofview”whichtheactionislookedat.