赵仑_09_March_ERP高级培训班讲座(5)

Winkler,etal,1999MMN:reasonsforwideapplicability(Näätänen&Escera,2000)PreattentiveSensoryProcessingasIndexedbytheMMNandP3aBrainResponsesisAssociatedwithCognitiveandPsychosocialFunctioninginHealthyAdultsLight,Swerdlow,&BraffJoCN,2007,19(10):1624-1632Light,Swerdlow,&BraffJoCN,2007,19(10):1624-1632(Stagg,etal,2004)VisualMMN(Kimura,etal,2009)Isthereasensory-memory-basedvMMN?(Kimura,etal,2009)RefractoryeffectMemory-comparison-basedchangedetectioneffect,vMMN(ZhaoL.&LiJ.,2006)ExpressionMMN(ZhaoL.&LiJ.,2006)(ZhaoL.&LiJ.,2006)InversioneffectonMMN-likecomponentelicitedbyfaces(Susac,etal,2004)SpatialSelectiveAttentionCueeffectVisualsearchPosnerCueingTaskPosnerpresentedeitheracentralcueoraperipheralcuebeforeatargetappearedCuesvalidon80%ofthetrials,invalidon20%ofthetrialsorvice-versacuetargetISICentralcuePeripheralcueCentralCueconditiontriggersendogenousattention:voluntaryattentionTop-downPeripheralCueconditiontriggersexogenousattention:Bottom-upi.e.stimulusdrivenPosnerCueingTaskcuetargetISICentralcuePeripheralcueComponentsofAttention•ThefindingsfrompatientswithbraindamageledPosnertoconstructamodelforattentionthatinvolvesthreeseparatementaloperations:•disengagingofattentionfromthecurrentlocation•movingattentiontoanewlocation•engagingattentioninanewlocationtofacilitateprocessinginthatlocation.(Girelli&Luck,1997)Visualsearch--PopoutN2pc(Girelli&Luck,1997)(Schubo,etal,2004)？？(Schubo,etal,2004)N2pc(N2-posterior-contralateral)Acomponentprominentatposteriorelectrodesitescontralateraltothetargetposition200–300msaftertargetonset.Auniquetemporalmarkerfortheallocationofattentioninvisualspace.InhibitingResponsesIftheusualtarget-detectiontaskisinvertedsothatthesubjectrespondstothestandardstimuliandwithholdsresponsefromthetarget,theN2wavetotheno-gostimulusisincreasedinamplitude(Eimer,1993)andtheP300ismorefrontallydistributed(e.g.,Hillyard,etal,1976;Robertsetal.,1994;Falkensteinetal,1995)NogoN2/P3；ERN，error-relatednegativityConflictcontrol(BWZhang,L.Zhao,X.Jing.2007)InhibitingResponsesNogoGo(BWZhang,L.Zhao,X.Jing.2007)(Yeung,etal.2004)AnteriorcingulatecortexMonitoringofErrorsEriksenFlankerTaskError-relatednegativity,ERNM.Falkensteinetal.:BiologicalPsychology51(2000)87–107Theerrormustbedetected,theguiltorfrustrationmustbeacknowledged,andcompensatorybehaviormustbeinitiated.Ne---noticeerrorsPe---copewitherrorsFeedbacknegativity,FNAnteriorcingulatecortex(Holroyd&Coles,2002)TheMedialFrontalCortexandtheRapidProcessingofMonetaryGainsandLosses.WilliamJ.Gehring,AdrianR.Willoughby.2002FZThemedial-frontalnegativity(MFN)MFNWilliamJ.Gehring,AdrianR.Willoughby.2002N2familyAnteriorN2s–N2(a)theearlydetectionofnovelstimuli–N2nogoconflictcontrol,inhibitionprocessing–ERN(error-relatednegativity)detectionoferror-relatedinformation–N270mentalconflictprocessing–FRN(feedback-relatednegativity)&MFNCognitioncontrolratherthanmismatchprocessing???Attention-relatedN2componentsN2pcVisualsearch(attentionshift)–PosteriorN2(b)theearlydetectionoftargetstimuli(e.g.,Potts&Tucker,2001)Categorizationprocesses–N250inferior-temporal-posterior,categorizationprocesses(Ritter,etal,1984)particularlyatthesubordinatelevel(Scott,etal;2006;Tanaka&Pierce,2008)involvedinindividualfacerecognition–N250r:theearlydetectionoffamiliarfaces(memory-relatedprocessing)(e.g.,Schweinberger,etal,2002)N2familyP3a&P3b(Polish,2007)P3(Polish,2007)(Polish,2007)P3aoriginatesfromstimulus-drivenfrontalattentionmechanismsduringtaskprocessing,whereasP3boriginatesfromtemporal–parietalactivityassociatedwithattentionandappearsrelatedtosubsequentmemoryprocessing.(Polish,2007)Pre-attentiveorAutomaticallyVisualattentioneffectAuditoryattentioneffectEarlydetectionoftarget,…..Orientation,stimulus-drivenIntegration,updating,decisionmakingAttentionretentionMMNP1/N1P20-50/N1N2(?)P3aP3bCNVTimecourseofSelectiveAttention&ERPRapid?Non-conscious?Mandatory?Capacity-free?MozarteffectonAttention(W.Zhu,L.Zhao,etal,2008)Bandextension&ERPs(MaQG,etal,2007a,b)