掺氢天然气管道输送安全技术-赵永志

*＊＊12121231241．2．3．4．、、。TQ055．8+1A0254-6094201601-0001-07。、。。HCNG。。。。NaturalHy、VG2、DVGW。、、、5。。11。、。1、、、、。。。1431＊＊＊2015FZA40212015CB05760151206145。19776。310027。、、。4～12MPa14MPa12MPaX52、X56、X60、X65、X70X80。1MPa3MPa。、、。1API5LA、API5LB、X42X46PE63、PE80、PE100、PVC。。。22．1。。2．1．1。。、2。、、1。1MPa。34。5。。2．1．2。6。API5LX52ASTMA106。7、8910X52、X60、X65、X70、X80、X100。5．5MPaX10075%30%9X60、X70、X8070%～90%30%～60%11。1112。X52、X70、X10013。ΔKth14。、、15。1Hz0．51．7～21．0MPaX100、X521421MPaX80、X6020ΔK＞12MPa·m1/211。16。。1．7MPa10MPa17%1．7MPa17。220165%、10%X80。、。、、。。。2．1．3。、。。。17。18。2．2。。。2．2．1。。。。4～51920。。。AGA1、EIGAIEA2。HDPE26、21。。GasTechnologyInstituteGTI3。20%1。19。1。17%26000m30．0005%2。。。2．2．2。、。2150%50%70%。。22。3431。、。。2．3。、。2．3．1。23～26。50%23。5L、64m3、24。90°25。2．3．2。MaQ24。。、。。LowesmithBJ20%50%27。45%28。2．3．325%29。Lowe-smithBJ30%30。40%DDT20%20%DDT。。2．3．424%6MPa31。。LowesmithBJHankinsonG22%7MPa32。StuderE、33。、。、、。。。2．4。。、。。2．4．1。NaturalHy1。。2．4．2NaturalHy。。、42016、、。。2．4．3NaturalHyClockSpring、31。。NaturalHy34。。2．5、、、。GTI、NaturalHy、IEA。NaturalHy50%。1。GTINaturalHy1。50%50%。IEA25%2。。3。。、、。。。、、、。1MelainaMWAntoniaOPenevM．BlendingHydro-genintoNaturalGasPipelineNetworksAＲeviewofKeyIssuesTechnicalＲeportＲ．ColoradoNationalＲenewableEnergyLaboratory2013．2PolmanEAdeLaatJCCrowtherMetal．ＲeductionofCO2EmissionsbyAddingHydrogentoNaturalGasＲ．ApeldoornInternationalEnergyAgency2003．3CastagnetSGrandidierJComynMetal．EffectofLong-termHydrogenExposureontheMechanicalPropertiesofPolymersUsedforPipesandTestedinPressurizedHydrogenJ．InternationalJournalof5431PressureVesselsandPiping201289203～209．4KaneMC．PermeationSolubilityandInteractionofHydrogeninPolymers-AnAssessmentofMaterialsforHydrogenTransportＲ．WashingtonSavannahＲiverNationalLaboratory2008．5PlasticsPipeInstitute．ChemicalＲesistanceofThermo-plasticsPipingMaterialsＲ．WashingtonPlasticsPipeInstitute2007．6．M．2013226～243．7HardieDCharlesEALopezAH．HydrogenEmbrit-tlementofHighStrengthPipelineSteelsJ．CorrosionScience200648124378～4385．8BaeDSungCBangHetal．EffectofHighlyPressur-izedHydrogenGasChargingontheHydrogenEmbrit-tlementofAPIX70SteelJ．MetalsandMaterialsIn-ternational2014204653～658．9NanningaNELevyYSDrexlerESetal．Compari-sonofHydrogenEmbrittlementinThreePipelineSteelsinHighPressureGaseousHydrogenEnviron-mentsJ．CorrosionScience2012591～9．10BriottetLBatisseＲdeDinechinGetal．Ｒecom-mendationsonX80SteelfortheDesignofHydrogenGasTransmissionPipelinesJ．InternationalJournalofHydrogenEnergy201237119423～9430．11StalheimDBoggessTMarchiCSetal．Microstruc-tureandMechanicalPropertyPerformanceofCom-mercialGradeApiPipelineSteelsinHighPressureGaseousHydrogenC．20108thInternationalPipe-lineConference-Volume2．CalgaryInternationalPe-troleumTechnologyInstituteandthePipelineDivi-sion2010529～537．12WangＲ．EffectsofHydrogenontheFractureTough-nessofaX70PipelineSteelJ．CorrosionScience200951122803～2810．13CapelleJGilgertJDmytrakhIetal．TheEffectofHydrogenConcentrationonFractureofPipelineSteelsinPresenceofaNotchJ．EngineeringFrac-tureMechanics2011782364～373．14SlifkaAJDrexlerESNanningaNEetal．FatigueCrackGrowthofTwoPipelineSteelsinaPressurizedHydrogenEnvironmentJ．CorrosionScience201478313～321．15NanningaNSlifkaALevyYetal．AＲeviewofFa-tigueCrackGrowthforPipelineSteelsExposedtoHydrogenJ．JournalofＲesearchoftheNationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology20101156437．16ChatzidourosEVPapazoglouVJTsiourvaTEetal．HydrogenEffectonFractureToughnessofPipe-lineSteelWeldswithinSituHydrogenChargingJ．InternationalJournalofHydrogenEnergy2011361912626～12643．17HaeseldonckxDDhaeseleerW．TheUseoftheNatu-ral-GasPipelineInfrastructureforHydrogenTrans-portinaChangingMarketStructureJ．Internation-alJournalofHydrogenEnergy20073210/111381～1386．18VonderGrünGTMHotoppSJoachimMK．Trans-portandUsageofHydrogenviaNaturalGasPipelineSystemsC．Proceedingsofthe3rdSino-GermanConference“UndergroundStorageofCO2andEner-gy”．GoslarSpringerBerlinHeidelberg2013421～436．19GueugnautDＲousselotDTariGetal．EvaluationofthePermeabilitytoCH4andCH4+H2ofPECur-rentlyUsedinGasDistributionNetworksC．Inter-nationalGasUnionＲesearchConference2008．ParisAssociationFrancaiseDuGaz200866～85．20KlopfferM-HBernePCastagnetSetal．PolymerPipesforDistributingMixturesofHydrogenandNat-uralGasEvolutionofTheirTransportandMechani-calPropertiesafteranAgeingUnderanHydrogenEnvironmentC．Proceedingsofthe18thWorldHy-drogenEnergyConference2010．EssenForschung-szentrumsJülich2012352～359．21LowesmithBJHankinsonGSpataruCetal．GasBuild-upinaDomesticPropertyFollowingＲeleasesofMethane/HydrogenMixturesJ．InternationalJournalofHydrogenEnergy200934145932～5939．22MarangonACarcassiMN．Hydrogen-MethaneMix-turesDispersionandStratificationStudiesJ．Inter-nationalJournalofHydrogenEnergy201439116160～6168．23SalzanoECammarotaFDiBenedettoAetal．Ex-plosionBehaviorofHydrogen-Methane/AirMixturesJ．JournalofLossPreventionintheProcessIndus-tries2012253443～447．24MaQZhangQPangLetal．EffectsofHydrogenAdditionontheConfinedandVentedExplosionBe-haviorofMethaneinAirJ．JournalofLossPreven-tionintheProcessIndustries20142765～73．25EmamiSDＲajabiMCheHassanCＲetal．Experi-62016mentalStudyonPremixedHydrogen/AirandHydro-gen-Methane