巴斯夫油田化学

21.11.20071GlobalOilfieldSolutionsAcidsCondensatesLaticesImidazoleBlockCopolymersEO/POBlocksAlkoxylatesPolycarboxylatesPEIAlkanolaminesAminocarboxylatesGlycolsPVPCorrosionInhibitorsShaleInhibitorsFrictionReducersAntiGasChannelingDispersantsRetardersCrosslinkersFluidLossPolymersScaleInhibitorsParaffinInhibitorsPourPointDepressantsDragReducersGasHydrateInhibitorsDemulsifiersBASFChemistryPerformanceBASFGlobalOilfieldSolutionsStrategicProductPortfolio21.11.20072GlobalOilfieldSolutionsBASFDemulsifierPortfolio21.11.20073GlobalOilfieldSolutionsClayWaterOilWaterGasGasOilCrudeoilreservoirLocationofoilandgas„Nosub-terrainlakesofcrudezCrudelocatedinporeszLayersofe.g.clayactasbarrierszCrudelocatedabovewaterlayerOil21.11.20074GlobalOilfieldSolutionsOilproductionPrimaryrecoveryPrimaryrecovery““naturaldrivenaturaldrive””bygaspressurebygaspressureWaterOilWaterGasOverlyingstrataFormationwaterFormationwaterSecondaryrecoverySecondaryrecoverymaintainpressuremaintainpressurebywaterinjectionbywaterinjectionInjectionwaterInjectionwaterWaterOilCrudeoilSteamand/orwater21.11.20075GlobalOilfieldSolutionsIntroductionIntroduction--CrudeOilCrudeOilInjectionwaterFormationwaterCrudeOilW/OEmulsionOil•watercontentincrudeupto95%-pipelinecapacitylimited•waterphasecontains0.1to25%salt-corrosion•stabilizationbyindigenoussurfactants21.11.20076GlobalOilfieldSolutionsExamplesofemulsionstabilizersincrudeoilCOCO22HHOHOHCC1010HH2121OHOHCC1414HH2929OHOHCC99HH1919CC77HH1515OHOH(CH(CH22))44––COCO22HHCHCH33OHOHCC33HH77CHCH33HH33CCHH33CCCOOHCOOHHHCOCO22HHHHCHCH33HHCOCO22HHHHCC22HH55HHCCCHCH33NHNHNNCCHHCHCHHCHCNNHNHNCC22HH55HH33CCCHCH33HH33CCHH22CCCHCH22HH22CCCHCH22HOHO22CCCOCO22HH21.11.20077GlobalOilfieldSolutionsTechnicalsolutionsforemulsionbreakinginoilfieldindustryPhysicaltreatmente.g.heating,sedimentation,electricalfieldDisadvantages:Ôhighenergycosts,verytimeconsumingÔnotsuccessfulifemulsionisverystableÔnoflexibilityonceimplementedÔpotentiallyhighcapitalexpenditureChemicaltreatment–ApplicationofemulsionbreakersAdvantages:Òlowenergycosts,lesstimeconsumingÒflexibleandspecificallyadaptableÒmoderatecostsforequipment21.11.20078GlobalOilfieldSolutionsEmulsionbreaking–PenetrationmechanismH2OHH22OOHOOHOOHOOOOHOOOOOOOHOHHOHOHOOHOHORROHCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OnnHOHCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2On++H2OHH22OOHOOHOOHOOOOHOOOOOHHOHOOHOHORROHCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OnnHOHCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2On+2+2HOO13647-8„Substitutionofthenaturalemulsifiermoleculesintheinterface„HighinterfacialactivitybutpooremulsifyingcapacityofemulsionbreakerÎCoalescenceofwaterdropletsimprovedOilphaseOilphase21.11.20079GlobalOilfieldSolutionsH2OHH22OOHOOHOOHOOOOHOOOOOOOHOHHOHOHOOHOHORROHCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OnnHOHCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OnRROHCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OnnHOHCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OnRROHCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OnnHOHCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OnRROHCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OnnHOHCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OnRROHCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OnnHOHCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OnRROHCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OnnHOHCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OnRROHCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OnnHOHCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OCHRCH2OnDe-hydratedCentralCoreFormationofmicellesFormationofmicellesbyemulsionbreakerbyemulsionbreakerFreediffusionHFreediffusionH22OOEmulsionbreaking–Diffusionmechanism(1)OilphaseOilphase13647-921.11.200710GlobalOilfieldSolutionsOilphaseOilphaseSeparationSeparationofwaterfromoilofwaterfromoilFreediffusionHFreediffusionH22OOEmulsionbreaking–Diffusionmechanism(2)CoalescenceCoalescence13647-10H2OHH22OOHOOHOOHOOOOHOOOOOOOHOHHOHOHOOHOHO21.11.200711GlobalOilfieldSolutionsOilphaseOilphaseMonoMono--functionalfunctionalÎÎMultifunctional(bulky)emulsionbreakersMultifunctional(bulky)emulsionbreakersformmicelleswithmuchlargerdehydratedcoresformmicelleswithmuchlargerdehydratedcoresPerformancedependsonfunctionality(1)OOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOHexaHexa--functionalfunctionalOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHO13647-11DeDe--hydratedhydratedcentralcentralcorecoreDeDe--hydratedhydratedcentralcentralcorecore21.11.200712GlobalOilfieldSolutionsOilphaseOilphasePerformancedependsonfunctionality(2)Largedehydratedcenter„Higherdiffusionpotential„Increasedconcentrationoffreediffusionwater(droplets)„Morecollisionsandthereforecoalescenceofwaterdroplets„Moreeffectiveseparationofwater13647-12OOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHOOOOnOOmOHODeDe--hydratedhydratedcentralcentralcorecore21.11.200713GlobalOilfieldSolutionsApplicationofDemulsifiersApplicationofDemulsifiersAdditionofdemulsifier=Coalescence=PhaseSeparationCrudeoilCrudeoil+demulsifier21.11.200714GlobalOilfieldSolutionsRelativeSolubilityNumber(RSN)RelativeSolubilityNumber(RSN)Definition:Empiricallydefinedasthevolumeinmlofdistilledwaternecessarytoproducepersistentturbidityinatoluene/ethylglycoldimethylether(EGDE)(2.6/97.4)solventsystemconsistingof1gofdemusl