高三英语专题复习英语阅读理解技巧

高三英语专题复习英语阅读理解技巧摒弃不良的阅读习惯1．“指读”2．“声读”3．“译读”4．“回读”5．“析读”6．“视幅过窄”7．“毛病”（badhabits）:教学过程中，发现学生在阅读时常做些不利于阅读的坏动作。有的同学晃头、颠腿、转笔、听音乐、咬指头、趴在桌子上、揪头发等等。1、主旨归纳题(mainidea)2、细节理解题(questionsofdetails)3、推理判断题(questionsofinference)4、词义猜测题(wordsincontext)题型能力训练1）归纳能力2）体裁分析能力3）分析题干能力4）猜词能力1.Howtogetthemainidea?主旨大意题型主要测试考生对短文的全面理解和概括能力。提问的内容可能是全文的大意，也可能是某段的段落大意。常见题型为最佳标题（title）或中心思想（mainidea）。做这类题时常用略读法。就是以尽快的速度跳跃式地浏览文章的标题、起始段或结尾段、每段的首尾句、以及表示句、段关系的连接性词语等重要部分，来了解文章的大意或主题思想。归纳能力题(1).Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?/Whatisthetopicofthetext?(2).Themaintopic/subjectofthepassageis_________.(3).Whatismainlydiscussedinthetext?(4).Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?(5)Thepurposeofthispassageis.(6)Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizedthepassage?(7)Thepassagemainlyfocuseson_____.主旨大意题提问的方式：1Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease(illness),cancer,cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itcangiveonea“smoker’scough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller,cancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Practice归纳能力2Oftennoonelooksmoreguiltythantheinnocent.Ontheotherhand,nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessionalcriminal.Andthemanwhoknows“everything”mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness.So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance.Practice归纳能力3Ifyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset,thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlydrawyourattention:“ColorTV.Only＄79.Twodayssale.Hurry.”However,whenyougotothestorereadytobuy,youmaydiscoverthattheyaresoldout.Buttheshopassistantisquicktotellyouthathehasanothermodel.Amuchbettersetwhichis“justrightforyou”Itcosts＄395.Thissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.Buyersarebaitedwithasalesadvertisement,andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermoreexpensiveone.(detail)(detail)(detail)Q:Theparagraphcouldbeentitled_______A.BuyingATVSetB.ASellingMethodC.BuyerBewareD.TVOnSalePractice归纳能力4TomstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat______.A.TomhasstudiedatParisUniversitiesforfouryears.B.Tombecamealawyersincehisgraduation.C.TomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedatBerlinuniversity.D.Tomreceivedanexcellenteducation.detaildetaildetailPractice归纳能力体裁分析能力说明文议论文、新闻记叙文在开头在结尾在中间中心贯穿全文√（较常见）√√√√（较常见）√细节理解题多从文章的某个具体事实或细节出发来设计题目。其题目设计的方式一般有：1、以who,what,when,where等疑问词开头提问短文的具体内容。2、以trueorfalse形式，让考生判断文章某一事实或细节。3、句意转换理解。4、就文中具体内容进行简单计算，排序，识图等。5、以Accordingtothetext,Fromthetext开头，考查某一细节。分析题干能力2.Howtogetthedetails?做此类题的方法一般是先用查读（也叫寻读），找出与问题相关的词语或句子，再对相关的部分进行细读，找出正确答案。如：WheredidJackhidehimselfandhisbike?原文：Whenhegottohisuncle’swatchfactory,Jackgotoffhisbikeandhidhimselfandthebikebehindthebigtreenearthefactory.himselfandthebikehid细节题训练快速寻找各题的正确答案：1.What…?A.in1835B.thedayaftertomorrowC.anewcarD.withgreatspeed2.Why…?A.lastweekB.forsomeiceC.verycarefullyD.mymothertongue3.Which…?A.atseveno’clockB.theforthC.allovertheworldD.onthefloor分析题干能力细节题训练分析题干能力4.Where…?A.NewYorkB.GreekC.FrenchD.Canadian5.How…?A.＄1000B.withthehelpofothersC.asharpknifeD.careless6.Howmuch…?A.infifteenminutesB.￡3,500C.fivemetreslongD.thepopulationofthecountry选择正确答案：1.Theteachertoldhisstudentstodothesecondandthethirdexercises,buttheyshouldleavethefirstexerciseout.Howmanyexercisesshouldthestudentsdo?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Zero.2.JeanandMaryaskedDellatogooutforawalk,butshedidn’twantto.Whoprobablydidnotgoout?A.Jean.B.Mary.C.Della.D.JeanandMary.分析题干能力选择正确答案：3.Theanswerstothequestionswhichwereinpart3oftheEnglishtestthatwehadwereratherdifficultformostofus.HowmanypartsdoestheEnglishtesthave?A.Onlythree.B.Atleastthree.C.Obviouslymorethanthree.D.Onlyfour.分析题干能力3.Howtoinfer推理判断题着重考查学生的逻辑思维能力，即要求学生根据文章的逻辑关系进行推理判断。此类题目难度大，设计面广，如人物的性格、心理、故事的结局、寓意、文章的出处、体裁，作者的倾向、态度等。解答该类题时，一要抓住文中的关键词句等展开逻辑推理。二要力求从作者的角度去考虑，切忌脱离原文而仅凭个人的看法主观臆断。分析题干能力23.Howtoinfer1.Itcanbeinferred/concludedfromthetextthat_____.2.Thewritersuggeststhat_____.3.Formthepassagewecaninfer/concludethat_____.4.Wemayinferfromthetextthat_____.5.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat_____.6.Thistextismostprobablytakenfrom_____.Questionforms:Example1Onedayamanwalkedintoapetshopandsaidtotheshopassistant，“Ineedtwosmallmiceandaboutfivedozenroaches(蟑螂)andtwospiders.”“Whatdoyouneedthesethingsfor?”theshopassistantwasverysurprised.“Well，”repliedtheman，“I’mmovingoutofmyapartmentandthelandlordinsiststhatIshouldleavethehouseinexactlythesameconditionasIfoundit.”Q：Thepassagesuggeststhatwhenthewritermovedintothehouse,itwas______.A.verycleanB.justcleanedbythelandlordC.tidyandcomfortableD.dirtyandfullofinsectsSample2Itisfuntoturnoverabigrockonthebeach.Makesureyouturntherockbacktothepositionitwasinafteryoumovedit.Ifyoudon’tturnitbackover,alltheseaanimalsunderitorclingingto（依附）theundersidewilldie.Youcantellthatrocks________.A.hurt