高二英语虚拟语气课件

虚拟语气TheSubjunctiveMood英语动词有三种语气：陈述语气，祈使语气，虚拟语气。一、陈述语气用来陈述一个事实，或提出一个看法。有肯定，否定，疑问或感叹等形式。Therearetwosidestoeveryquestion.Theydidn’twatchfireworksyesterdayevening.WhatcanIdoforyou?例如:ShallIturnontheradio?HowdisappointedTomwas!Whatlovelyflowersthoseare!二、祈使语气用来表示说话人的请求，命令或劝告等。动词要用原形，其否定式在动词前加donot.Letmehaveatry.Don’tbelateagain.Don’tsayitinChinese.SayitinEnglish.Let’sgoandplaybasketball.三虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种与事实相反的假设，愿望，猜测或建议等等。三虚拟语气（一）在条件句中的用法1与现在事实相反条件状语从句谓语主句谓语动词过去式Should/would/could/might+动词原形例如:IfIhadtimenow,weshouldreaditagain.Ifsheknewaboutit,shewouldcome.Ifhewerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.IfI____you,Iwouldn’treturnthecall.A.beB.amC.wasD.wereTestyourselfD2与过去事实相反条件状语从句谓语主句谓语had+过去分词should/would/could/might+have+过去分词例如:Ifhehadseenyouyesterday,hewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit.IfIhadhadthemoneylastyear,Iwouldhaveboughtacar.Iftheyhadknownheraddress,theywouldhavewrittentoher.TESTYOURSELFEX1.IfI______moretime,Iwouldhavegonewithyou.A.hadB.hadhadC.HavehadD.wouldhaveEX2.IfIhadknownthat,I_______so.A.wouldn’tdoB.wouldn’thavedoneC.Won’tdoD.havenotdoneBB3与将来事实相反条件状语从句谓语主句谓语动词过去式Should/would/could/might+V原形Should+V原形wereto+V原形例如:IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Iwouldgotoseemyfriendsthere.Ifsheshouldcome,Ishouldaskherforhelp.Ifyouweretofailtocatchthetrain,youmighttakethebus.1.Ifit________tomorrow,whatwouldwedo?A.rainsB.weretorainC.wouldrainD.rain2.Ifitshouldrain,I_______gotheretomorrow.A.willB.wouldnotC.won’tD.wouldnothaveTestBB补充1.Without(没有),butfor(要不是),otherwise(否则),这些词可以表示某种假设情况,从而省略条件句.Iwasbusylastweek,otherwiseIwouldhavecometoseeyou.=Iwasbusylastweek,ifIhadnotbeenbusylastweek,Iwouldhavecometoseeyou1.Withoutelectricity,humanlife____quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbeIftherewerenoelectricity,2.ButfortheParty,he____ofhunger30yearsago.A.wouldhavediedB.woulddieC.mustdieD.musthavediedIftherehadn’tbeentheParty,he…….DA3.Iwasbusyyesterday,otherwiseI____yourbirthdayparty.A.AttendedB.haveattendedC.WouldattendD.wouldhaveattendedIfIhadn’tbeenbusy,I……D补充2.错综时间条件句主句谓语动词所表示的动作和条件从句谓语动词所表示的动作并不是同时发生,这时动词的形式并不完全按照上述表格形式进行,而需要按照各自的时间来调整,这样的句子就叫错综时间条件句.例如1:Ifyouhadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice(then),youwouldbeallrightnow.如果你那时听了医生的话,你现在就好了.(主句与从句发生的时间不同,应按照主句与从句各自的时间做调整.)Ifyouhadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,youwouldhavebeenallrightthen.如果你那时听了医生的话,你那时就好了.(主句与从句发生的时间同时.)例如2:Ifyouhadwateredthemmore,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.如果你再给庄稼多浇些水,他们会长得更好.(指现在长得更好.)Ifyouhadwateredthemmore,thecropswouldhavegrownstillbetter.(表示对过去的虚拟)如果你早就给庄稼多浇些水,他们就会长得更好例如3如果他昨天把功课都准备好的话,他现在就不会这么困难.Ifhehadpreparedwellforhislessonsyesterday,hewouldn’thavesomanydifficultiesnow.1.Ifyouwereolder(对现在进行虚拟),I________youtogothereyesterday(对过去进行虚拟).A.willallowB.shouldallowC.wouldhaveallowedD.hadallowedC补充三:倒装形式表示虚拟条件句从句中if有were,had,should等词语,可以将if省略,同时were,had,should提至句首,构成倒装.表示虚拟条件(1)IfIshouldmeether,Iwouldtellher.=shouldImeether,Iwouldtellher.(万一)(2)IfIwereinyourposition,Iwoulddoitbetter.=wereIinyourposition,Iwoulddoitbetter.(3).Iftheyhadmadepreparations,theywouldhavesucceeded.=Hadtheymadepreparations,theywouldhavesucceeded.1._________,Iwouldtakeanumbrellawithme.A.HadIbeenyouB.IwereyouC.WereIyouD.IhadbeenyouC(二)在动词wish后面的宾语从句中，表示不可能实现的愿望，其动词形式有三种1表示与现在事实相反的愿望，谓语动词用过去式。IwishIhadtimetoread.IwishIknewheraddress.2表示与过去事实相反的愿望，或表示已经发生的一件遗憾事，谓语动词用“had+动词过去分词”。IwishIhadstudiedveryhard.Hewisheshehadn’tspentsomuchmoney.3表示将来难以实现的或很可能相反的愿望，谓语动词用“would/could/might+动词原形”。Iwishhewouldbemorecareful.Iwishhewoulddothejobbetter.ShewishesIwouldgowithher.1.IwishI___abletotellhimallaboutitlastnight.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.shouldbe2.HowIwishI____torepairthewatch!Ionlymadeitworse.A.hadtriedB.hadn’ttriedC.havetriedD.didn’ttry3.IwishI_______whattodo.A.knewB.haveknownC.knowD.wouldknowCBA4.Hewishes_______mistakes.A.Hedoesn’talwaysmakeB.hedidn’talwaysmakeC.hewouldn’talwaysmakeD.Hewouldn’talwaysmaking5.Iwish____________.A.hewereB.heleavesmealoneC.HebeleftD.hewouldleavemealoneCD(三)虚拟语气在其他从句中用法1.在“It+be+某些形容词或过去分词+that”的句型中，主语从句中的动词形式常用“(should)+动词原形”。常用的形容词有：necessary,important,impossible,natural,strange常用的过去分词通常是表示建议，要求，命令等suggested,required,requested,demanded,ordered,desired,advised,…例如:Itisnaturalthatheshouldsayso.Itisnecessarythattheproblemshouldbediscussedatonce.例如Itisreallystrangethatthegirl__________soearly.A.hasbeenmarriedB.hasmarriedC.bemarriedD.wouldmarryC2.表示建议.要求.命令类的名词性从句一坚持.insist二命令,order,command三建议,advise,suggest,propose,四要求,demand,require,request,desire，通常用“should+动词原形”。should可以省略．例如Hesuggestedthatweshouldvisitthepalacerightaway.Sheproposedthatthemeetingbeputoff.Heorderedthattheyshouldstartoffimmediately.Idemandedthatheshouldanswermeatonce.在表示建议，要求，命令等名词之后的表语从句，同位语从句中，通常用“should+动词原形”。这些名词有：idea,proposal,ordersuggestion,decision,advice……Hisproposalisthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Oursuggestionisthatyou(should)bethefirsttogo.4.asif,asthoughasif,asthough引导的从句可以用来表示猜测，假定，谓语动词在从句中用过去式表示与现在事实相反，用“had+过去分词”表示与过去事实相反。Heisrunningaboutasifhewereamadman.Theytalkedasthoughtheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.1.Thetwostrangerstalk