外科护理学教研室课程教案

世界观人人都有，而哲学只有经过系统的学习的人才能掌握它。世界观是自发成的，是不系统的、不自觉的、缺乏严密的逻辑和理论论证，而哲学则是把自发的、零散的、朴素的世界观加以理论化和系统化，因而具有严密的逻辑和完整的理论体系。appearanceoftheweldappearancequalitytechnicalrequirementsoftheprojectmustnothaveamoltenmetalstreamdoesnotmeltthebasemetaltoweld,weldseamandheat-affectedzonesurfacemustnothavecracks,pores,defectssuchascraterandash,surfacesmoothing,weldandbasemetalshouldbeevenlysmoothtransition.Width2-3mmfromtheedgeofweldGroove.Surfacereinforcementshouldbelessthanorequalto1+0.2timestheslopeedgewidth,andshouldnotbegreaterthan4mm.Depthofundercutshouldbelessthanorequalto0.5mm,totallengthoftheweldsonbothsidesundercutnotexceed10%oftheweldlength,andlongcontinuousshouldnotbegreaterthan100mm.Wrongsideshouldbelessthanorat0.2T,andshouldnotbegreaterthan2mm(wallthicknessmmt)incompleteornotallow7.57.5.1installationqualityprocessstandardsoftheelectricalenclosureCabinetsurfaceisclean,neat,nosignificantphenomenonofconvex,closetonature,closethedoor.7.5.2CabinetCabinetfacepaintsnopaint,returnedtorusted,consistentcolor.7.5.3uniformindirectgapfromtoptobottom,slotwidth1.5mm7.5.4adjacentCabinetsurfaceroughnessis0.7.5.5thecabinetsfirmlyfixed,craftsbeautiful.7.5.6Cabinetsurfacegauge,switchcabinetmarkclear,neat,firmpaste.7.5.7Terminalrowofneat,isreliable,theappearanceiscleanandnotdamaged.7.5.8cablesneatandclean,solidbinding,bindingprocessinappearance.7.5.9thefirstcableproductionfirm,craftsbeautiful,clearsignagedoesnotfade.7.5.10fireproofpluggingtight,nocracksandpores.7.67.6.1ofthestandardelectricalwiringqualitytechnologycablea,themulti-corewirebuncharrangementshouldbeparalleltoeachother,horizontalwireharnessorwireshouldbeperpendiculartothelongitudinalmulti-corewirebunch.Thedistancebetweenthewireharnessandwireharnesssymmetry,andascloseaspossible.B-corewiringharnessintoround,multi-corewirebunchusedgwirebinding,fastening外科护理学教研室课程教案授课教师职称授课日期课程名称授课对象授课类型教学手段外科护理学理论讲授授课内容1.泌尿疾病的主要症状2.泌尿系统损伤疾病病人的护理学时数2教学步骤及主要内容（详细内容见课件和讲授提纲）时间安排1.泌尿疾病的主要症状2.泌尿系统损伤病人的护理3.小结35分钟45分钟5分钟教学目的1.了解泌尿系统损伤和的病因、病理。2.熟悉泌尿外科引流管的护理。3.掌握泌尿及男生殖系疾病的主要症状和检查及其护理。4.掌握泌尿外科的一般护理和不同疾病的特殊护理。教学方法1.联系临床实例讲授泌尿系统损伤诊断、治疗方法、护理诊断、护理措施教学重点泌尿及男生殖系疾病的主要症状和检查泌尿系统损伤的诊断、治疗方法、护理诊断、护理措施教学难点泌尿及男生殖系疾病的主要症状和检查泌尿系统损伤的诊断、治疗方法、护理诊断、护理措施教材及参考书教材：《外科护理学》熊云新主编人民卫生出版社第二版参考书：《外科护理学》曹伟新主编人民卫生出版第三版《外科学》吴在德等主编人民卫生出版社第六版思考题1.泌尿外科病人Ｘ线检查方法有哪些？检查前应做哪些准备？2.泌尿外科各种引流导管护理措施有哪些？3.膀胱冲洗时注意哪些问题？世界观人人都有，而哲学只有经过系统的学习的人才能掌握它。世界观是自发成的，是不系统的、不自觉的、缺乏严密的逻辑和理论论证，而哲学则是把自发的、零散的、朴素的世界观加以理论化和系统化，因而具有严密的逻辑和完整的理论体系。appearanceoftheweldappearancequalitytechnicalrequirementsoftheprojectmustnothaveamoltenmetalstreamdoesnotmeltthebasemetaltoweld,weldseamandheat-affectedzonesurfacemustnothavecracks,pores,defectssuchascraterandash,surfacesmoothing,weldandbasemetalshouldbeevenlysmoothtransition.Width2-3mmfromtheedgeofweldGroove.Surfacereinforcementshouldbelessthanorequalto1+0.2timestheslopeedgewidth,andshouldnotbegreaterthan4mm.Depthofundercutshouldbelessthanorequalto0.5mm,totallengthoftheweldsonbothsidesundercutnotexceed10%oftheweldlength,andlongcontinuousshouldnotbegreaterthan100mm.Wrongsideshouldbelessthanorat0.2T,andshouldnotbegreaterthan2mm(wallthicknessmmt)incompleteornotallow7.57.5.1installationqualityprocessstandardsoftheelectricalenclosureCabinetsurfaceisclean,neat,nosignificantphenomenonofconvex,closetonature,closethedoor.7.5.2CabinetCabinetfacepaintsnopaint,returnedtorusted,consistentcolor.7.5.3uniformindirectgapfromtoptobottom,slotwidth1.5mm7.5.4adjacentCabinetsurfaceroughnessis0.7.5.5thecabinetsfirmlyfixed,craftsbeautiful.7.5.6Cabinetsurfacegauge,switchcabinetmarkclear,neat,firmpaste.7.5.7Terminalrowofneat,isreliable,theappearanceiscleanandnotdamaged.7.5.8cablesneatandclean,solidbinding,bindingprocessinappearance.7.5.9thefirstcableproductionfirm,craftsbeautiful,clearsignagedoesnotfade.7.5.10fireproofpluggingtight,nocracksandpores.7.67.6.1ofthestandardelectricalwiringqualitytechnologycablea,themulti-corewirebuncharrangementshouldbeparalleltoeachother,horizontalwireharnessorwireshouldbeperpendiculartothelongitudinalmulti-corewirebunch.Thedistancebetweenthewireharnessandwireharnesssymmetry,andascloseaspossible.B-corewiringharnessintoround,multi-corewirebunchusedgwirebinding,fastening教学内容教学活动第十五章泌尿及男生殖系疾病病人的护理第一节泌尿及男生殖系疾病的主要症状和检查一、主要症状（一）排尿异常1.尿频——病人感到有尿意的次数严重时几分钟排尿一次，每次尿量仅几毫升。常由泌尿、生殖道炎症、膀胱结石、肿瘤、前列增生等原因引起。2.尿急——有尿意即迫不及待要排尿而难以自控，但尿量却很少。3.尿痛——排尿时感到尿道疼痛，疼痛呈烧灼感，与膀胱、尿道或前列腺感染有关。4.排尿困难包含排尿踌躇、费力、尿线无力、变细、滴沥等。由膀胱以下尿路梗阻引起。5.尿失禁尿不能控制而自主流出。包括四种类型：①真性尿失禁：又称完全性尿失禁，指尿液连续从膀胱中流出，膀胱呈空虚状态。②假性尿失禁：又称充盈性尿失禁③压力性尿失禁：④急迫性尿失禁6.尿潴留分为急性和慢性两类。急性尿潴留见于膀胱出口以下尿路严重，突然不能排尿，使尿液滞留于膀胱内。慢性尿潴留是见于膀胱颈部以下尿路不完全性梗阻或神经源性膀胱。（二）尿液异常1.血尿——尿液中含有血液。可分为肉眼血尿和镜下血尿。(1)肉眼血尿：为肉眼能见到血色的尿，称为肉眼血尿。(2)镜下血尿：为借助显微镜见到尿液中含红细胞。2.脓尿离心尿每高倍视野白细胞超过3个以上为脓尿。提示感染。3.乳糜尿尿呈乳白色。尿液中含有乳糜。也可混有大量蛋白和血液。4.晶体尿在各种因素影响下，尿中有机或无机物质沉淀、结晶，形成晶体尿。5.少尿或无尿每日尿量＜400ml为少尿；＜lOOml为无尿；由急性肾功能衰竭所致。（三）尿道分泌物血性分泌物提示尿道癌。黄色、粘稠脓性分泌物多系急性淋菌性尿道炎引起。少量无色或白色稀薄分泌物多系支原体、衣原体所致的非淋菌性尿道炎。（四）疼痛由泌尿、男生殖系器官病变引起的疼痛，常在该器官所在部位。1.肾和输尿管疼痛由肾脏病变引起的局部疼痛。一般为持续性钝痛。当引起肾绞痛。疼痛为阵发性，剧烈难忍，病人辗转不安、大汗、伴恶心呕吐。可放射至下腹、膀胱区、外阴或大腿内侧。2.膀胱疼痛常为持续性胀痛或不适感。多由炎症、结石或肿瘤引起。3.前列腺痛由前列腺炎引起，表现在会阴、直肠、腰骶