国家新型城镇化规划-JPIUrbanEurope

中国城镇化可持续发展道路ThePathforSustainableUrbanizationinChina中国城市和小城镇改革发展中心ChinaCenterforUrbanDevelopment首席经济学家李铁ChiefEconomistLiTie现状StatusQuo1中国城镇化：人口规模庞大，史无前例城镇人口urbanpopulation城镇化率urbanizationrate57.35%57.35%7.93亿793million0.0010.0020.0030.0040.0050.0060.0070.001978197919801981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002200320042005200620072008200920102011201220132014201520162000年至今中国城镇化率年均提高1.3个百分点Since2000,China'surbanizationratehasbeenrisingby1.3percentagepointsonaverageannually.•UrbanizationinChina:hugepopulation,unprecedentedscale城市规模Citysize城市规模（Urbanpopulation）城市数（No.ofcities）建制镇总数（No.oftowns）1000万人以上（10m）6500-1000万（5m-10m）10300-500万（3m-5m）21100-300万（1m-3m）10350-100万（500k–1m）138250万人以下（500k）37920-50万(200k-500k)3510－20万(100k-200k)1985－10万(50k-100k)6475万以下(50k)20,001总计（No.ofcities/towns）65720,883区域间城镇化差距在缩小城镇化率差距（百分点）Gapofurbanizationrates(percentagepoints)区域(Regions)2010年(Year)2016年(Year)东部与中部EastVSCentralChina14.712.7东部与西部EastVSWestChina18.616.4分区域城镇化率urbanizationrates(2010,2016)•Gapofurbanizationindifferentregionsisnarrowing新型城镇化战略New-typeUrbanizationStrategy2重点制度：改革创新智慧：科技创新InstitutionalreformandinnovationTechnologicalinnovation加快农民工市民化进程Settleruralmigrantsincitiesmorespeedily实现城市转型发展Achieveurbantransition以人为本PriorityonPeople可持续发展Sustainability创新Innovation•Priorities改革稳步推进•《国务院关于深入推进新型城镇化建设的若干意见》StateCouncil’sOpinionsonDeepeningtheNewUrbanizationDrive•《关于开展国家新型城镇化综合试点工作的通知》NoticeonInitiatingComprehensivePilotsofNationalNewUrbanizationNationalNew-typeUrbanizationPlan•《国家新型城镇化规划》2个省2provinces246个城市（县、镇、区）246cities(counties,towns,districts)•SteadyprogressesinreformMOHURD300MIIT68“consumption”NDRC80“ITApplication”MOST&SAC20500SmartcitypilotsNDRC&MIIT39“BroadbandChina”2014《国家新型城镇化规划》2014NationalNew-typeUrbanizationPlan国务院发改委100个新型智慧城市100new-typesmartcities25个部委成立智慧城市部级协调工作组inter-ministerialcoordinationgrouponsmartcitiesjoinedby25ministries《关于促进智慧城市健康发展的指导意见》GuidingopinionsontheHealthyDevelopmentofSmartCity住建部300多个试点城市Morethan300pilotcities智慧城市到2017年底，我国启动智慧城市建设和在建智慧城市的城市数量将有望超过500个。Bytheendof2017,over500Chinesecitiesareexpectedtostartorhavestarteddevelopingsmartcities.•Smartcities问题和挑战ProblemsandChallenges3常住人口城镇化率rateofpermanenturbanpopulation56.1%户籍人口城镇化率rateofregisteredurbanpopulation40%农民工ruralmigrants2.77亿277million城镇间流动人口inter-cityfloatingpopulation约8000万about80million•Poorurbanizationqualityanddelayinpopulationurbanization城镇化质量不高，人口城镇化滞后∗大大降低土地利用效率∗Reducesubstantiallythelanduseefficiency∗影响城乡资源要素流通∗Impedetheflowofresourcesinurbanandruralareas∗导致城市发展严重粗放∗Leadtoextensiveurbandevelopment土地制度改革滞后•Delayedlandsystemreform土地指标landquotasAwesterncapitalcitytakesup12.5%ofthetotalprovincialpopulationbut35%ofthetotallandquotas.Longgangtownneedssubmitting84%ofitsfiscalrevenuetotheuppergovernment.财政分配fiscalallocation中小城市活力释放不足浙江龙港镇财政收入的84%要上缴给上级政府西部某省会城市人口仅占全省12.5%，但用地指标占全省35%•Lackofvitalityinsmallandmedium-sizedcities对生态城市理解存在歧义生态城市Eco-city以人为本People-oriented方便居民Convenient空间紧凑Compact功能复合Multi-functional集约型增长Intensive宜居宜业创新治理Livable&workableInnovativeingovernance•Ambiguityineco-cityconcepts人口政策忽视城市人口发展规律动物园批发市场Beijingzoowholesalemarket秀水街改造ReconstructionoftheSilkStreet大红门服装批发市场Dahongmenclothingwholesalemarket城市人口的构成不是唯精英的要面对更多中低收入人口Citiesaccommodatenotonlyelites,butalsomiddleandlow-incomepopulation城市每多一个高端人才，就要匹配4-5个劳动力进行服务Everyonemoreeliteinthecityneedsservicefrom4-5workers.•Populationpolicyignorestherulesofurbanpopulationgrowth4推动城市转型UrbanTransition户改Householdregistrationreform土改Landreform行政管理制度改革Administrationmanagementsystemreform推进各项改革，激发中小城市活力•Stimulatethevitalityofsmallandmedium-sizedcitiesthroughreforms提高城镇化质量实现以人为本提高城市资源配置效率实现集约型增长城市转型发展目标矫正城市发展理念尊重城市发展规律实现宜居宜业、生态绿色的城市发展模式•GoalsofurbantransitionImprovethequalityofurbanizationtorealizepeople-orienteddevelopmentImprovetheallocationefficiencyofurbanresourcestoachieveintensivegrowthAdoptadevelopmentpaththatislivable,workable,eco-friendlyandgreenChangetheoldmindsetbyrespectingthelawofurbandevelopment•Smartcities:buildlivable,smart,convenient,greenandlow-carbonnewcities技术创新，智慧高效Innovative,smartandefficient生态城市，宜居舒适Livableandcomfortable环境友好，低碳节能Eco-friendly,low-carbon方便居民生活Convenient智慧城市：建设宜居、智慧、方便、绿色低碳的新型城市THANKS