培优：定语从句ppt

1.Thisisthegentlemanwhohelpedmeoutofthetrouble.2.Thebuildingwhichstandsneartheriverisourschool.3.Doyouknowtheboywhosebicyclewasbrokenjustnow?4.Thefarm(that)wevisitedlastSundaywaslocatedinthesuburbsofBeijing.什么是定语从句呢？在复合句中，修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。结构：先行词+关系词+句子定语从句TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句&非限制性定语从句Thosewhowanttogotothecinemapleaseputupyourhands.Dr.Brown,wholivesnextdoor,comesfromAmerica.限制性定语从句对先行词起限定区分作用，省略意思不完整不清楚。非限制性定语从句对先行词起进一步的说明或描述，省略意思完整。修饰专有名词只能使用非限制性定语从句表示唯一性。人（主语）物（主语/宾语）人（宾语）谁的(定语)时间(状语)地点(状语)原因(状语)who/thatwhich/thatwhom/who/thatwhosewhen(介词+which)where(介词+which)why(forwhich)如果介词提到关系代词前,做宾语时,只用which,whom定语从句的关系词在非限制性定语从句中，指人时，只用who，指物时，只用which。ShelookedatJeff,whowaswavinghisarms.Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,islovedbymostpeopleintheworld.TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句大练兵Thisisadream.Thedreamwillnevercometrue.Thisisadreamwhich/thatwillnevercometrue.Istillkeeptheletters.Shewroteletterstome.Istillkeeptheletters(which/that)shewrotetome.合并句子TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledRoy.TheboyiscalledRoy.Theboybrokethewindow.Thethief(who/whom/that)thepolicecaughtlastnighthasbeensenttoprison.合并句子Thethiefhasbeensenttoprison.Thepolicecaughtthethieflastnight.1.Doyouknowthenameofthehotel______windowswecanseehere?2.Isthereastudent_________fatherisabusinessman?3.Thisisthehousein________wehavelivedfor10years.whosewhosewhichwhy4.Doyouknowthereason_____shewaslate？=forwhich1.Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthings______theycouldn’tremember.2.Sayall________youknow.3.Isthereanything______Icandoforyou?thatthatthat4.Thisisthefirstplay________IhaveseensinceIcamehere.5.Thisisthebestnovel_______Ihaveread.thatthat你会总结只用that，不用which的情况吗？1.当先行词是all,any,few,little,none,everything,something,anything,nothing,等或被这些词所修饰时。That’sallthatIknow.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?Heansweredfewquestionsthattheteacherasked.2.当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。ThatisthemostboringbookthatIhaveeverread.ThefirstthingthatIshoulddoistodomyhomework.只用that，不用which的情况3.当先行词被thevery,theonly,thelast,thesame等修饰时。That’stheonlythingthatIcandonow.Thesearetheverywordsthatheused.ThisisthesamebikethatIlost.4.当主句以who或which开头时。Whoisthegirlthatspoketoyoujustnow?Whichisthepenthatyoulost?只用that，不用which的情况5.先行词同时包括人和物时。ThemanandhisdogthatIalwaysmeetarestandingbythegate.6.主句是therebe结构。ThereisabookthatbelongstoTomonthedesk.Hebroughttwocatsyesterday.NowIcanseethetwothatareplayinginthegarden.7.先行词在从句中做表语。Chinaisnotthecountrythatitusedtobe.Chinaisnotthecountrythatitusedtobe.Chinaisnotthecountrythatitusedtobe.只用that，不用which的情况Hebroughttwocatsyesterday.NowIcanseethetwothatareplayinginthegarden.8.先行词为数词时。Whatthatisonthetablebelongstome.Hebuildupafactorywhichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.10.先行词为what时。9.为避免重复。只用that，不用which的情况1.先行词为that,those，且指物时What’sthatwhichisunderthedesk？2.先行词指物，关系代词前面有介词时Thisistheroominwhichhelives.3.引导非限制性定语从句Tomcameback,whichmadeushappy.只用which,不用that的情况1.当先行词是one,ones,anyone或those。Anyonewhodoesthatmustbemad.Thosewhodaretobreakthelawwillbepunished.2.用在therebe结构中先行词做表语。Thereisayoungmanwhowantstoseeyou.只用who，不用that的情况3.为避免重复或引起歧义。ThemanthatspokeatthemeetingisourheadmasterwhohasjustcomefromShanghai.只用who，不用that的情况Thefamilywholivesupstairsarefondofmusic.5.先行词是指成员的集合名词4.先行词是I,you,he,they等Hewhoplayswithfiregetsburned.Hewhoplayswithfiregetsburned.Hewhoplayswithfiregetsburned.Thefamilywholivesupstairsarefondofmusic.Thefamilywholivesupstairsarefondofmusic.6.用在非限制性定语从句中指人LiuXiang,whoquitedinBeijingOlympics,isstillregardedasaheroinChina.先行词指人，关系代词前面有介词时。Heistheboywithwhommymotheristalking.只用whom，不用that/who的情况Thisistheday_______Iboughtmypen.Thisistheday____________Ispentwithyou.that/whichwhen如果表示时间的先行词在从句中做宾语或主语时用that/which如果表示时间的先行词在从句中做时间状语时用when先行词是时间，关系词如何正确使用？I’llneverforgettheday_______Ijoinedtheleague.onwhichI’llneverforgettheday__________Ijoinedtheleague.when1.Hetookmeintoaroom________someoldbookswerestored.2.Hetookmeintoaroom________someoldbookswerestored.3.Hetookmeintoaroom__________someoldbookswerestoredin.先行词是地点，关系词如何正确使用？4.Thisisthehouse________Ilivedtwoyearsago.=inwhichwhereinwhichwhich/thatwhere表示地点的先行词在从句中做宾语或主语时用that/which表示地点的先行词在从句中做地点状语时用where关系副词when,where和关系代词that,which的区别:同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用where,有时使用that/which；同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用when,有时使用that/which。这主要看两点：1、先行词在从句中所作成分；2、定语从句中的谓语动词是否是一个及物动词。小结Themp4that____beengiventomeishome-made.I,who____yourclassmate,willsharetheworkwithyou.关系代词做从句的主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致。定语从句中的主谓一致hasam【注意】Heisoneofthestudentswho______madegreatprogress.MrWangistheonlyoneofmyfriendswho____beeninvitedtohavedinnerwithus.oneof+复数名词作先行词时，从句的谓语动词用复数形式。但若one前有theonly,thejust,thevery修饰时，从句的谓语动词用单数形式havehas定语从句中的主谓一致1.Theperson_________youshouldwritetoisMrBall.2.Theteacherfrom________IlearntmostwasMrsZhu.3.Therunner____________youareaskingaboutisoverthere.4.Thegirl____________youarelookingforisintheclassroom.5.Themeeting_________weshalltakepartinwillbeheldinahotel.6.Thefactory__________Iworkedinforovertwoyearshasbeenclosed.7.Theairport________is30kilometres