翻译 Lecture 3全

ACOURSEOFCHINESE-ENGLISHTRANSLATIONQQGroup:182817412词语翻译技巧初探移植法增词法减词法换译法反义法分译法释义法虚实转换移植法直接法卡拉OkKTVBP机CD机X光XP系统MP3Word文件做PPTNBATKO音译法LuXunBaJinBeijingJINHUAmahjongjiaozikowtowkungfuYinYang英译汉汉译英汉英音译法一般的人名、地名：毛泽东、沈阳带有外号的人名：黑旋风李逵(LiKuitheBlackWhirlwind)含有普通名词的地名：泰山(MountTai)商标：联想(Lenovo)、淘宝(Taobao)约定俗成：香港、清华(Tsinghua)、孔子(Confucius)、孙中山(SunYat-sen)其它：衙门(yamen)、四合院(siheyuan)音译意译合用：武术(martialarts)、太极词语翻译技巧初探移植法增词法减词法换译法反义法分译法释义法虚实转换增词法语法性语义性连贯性表达性语法性增词法28.现在一定是天亮了，因为鸟儿在歌唱。Itmustbemorningnow,becausethebirdsaresinging.29.她懒洋洋地站起来，估量丈夫不会再回来了。Lazilysherose.Herhusbandprobablywouldnotcomehome,shesupposed.30.接到信时我高兴得跳了起来。IjumpedwithjoywhenIreceivedtheletter.31.你去了也不会有什么结果。Evenifyougothere,therewon'tbeanyresult.32.毕竟，还有什么比快乐更令人羡慕呢？Afterall,whatismoreenviablethanhappiness?语义性增词法33.老老少少会定期聚在一起操练。Englishlearners,oldandyounggatheratregulartimetopractisetheirspokenEnglish.34.代表们的水平保证了代表大会的开好。Thepoliticalconsiousnessofthedelegateswillguaranteethesuccessofthecongress.35.看粮食，要看中国的农业；看农业，首先要看市场。《今日中国》Tounderstoodfood,wemustlookatChina'sagriculture,andtoknowtheagriculturewemustfirstlookatthemarket.36.谁都知道朝鲜战场是艰苦的。Itiswell-knownthatlifeontheKoreanbattlefieldwasratherhard.连贯性增词法退休煤矿工人张师傅今年年初买了四只小鸡。有一天发现丢了一只，气得一个劲地埋怨老伴。傍晚，有一只小鸡突然从门外进来，随后邻居王某跟进院来，抓起小鸡就走。张老太哪里肯放。双方争吵起来。原来王某年初也买了两只小鸡最近丢了一只。这时，另一个姓李的邻居过来了解情况。他将有争议的小鸡从两家中间撒出去。那只鸡不去王家，直向张家的鸡群跑去。王某无话可说，当场认错，一场小鸡风波平息了。连贯性增词法1)Mr.Zhang,aretiredminerboughtfourchicksearlythisyear.2)Onedayhefoundoneofthemmissing.Hegotsoangrythathekeptblaminghiswifeforitallthetime.3)TowardseveningintohisyardcameachickfollowedbyhisneighborWangwhorantocatchit.4)NaturallyZhang’swifewouldn’tlethimgowiththechick.5)Andsoaquarrelensued.6)ItturnedoutthatWanghadalsolostoneofhistwochicksrecentlywhichheboughtnearlythesametimeasMrZhangdid.7)ThenanotherneighborLeecametotheyardtoseewhatwashappening.8)Heputthechicksomewherebetweentheirhomesandletitoff.9)ThechickwentstraighttojoinZhang’sflock.10)Wanghadnomoretosaybutmadeanimmediateapologize.Thusendedthequarreloverachick.连贯性增词法1)Mr.Zhang,aretiredminerboughtfourchicksearlythisyear.2)Onedayhefoundoneofthemmissing.Hegotsoangrythathekeptblaminghiswifeforitallthetime.3)TowardseveningintohisyardcameachickfollowedbyhisneighborWangwhorantocatchit.4)NaturallyZhang’swifewouldn’tlethimgowiththechick.5)Andsoaquarrelensued.6)ItturnedoutthatWanghadalsolostoneofhistwochicksrecentlywhichheboughtnearlythesametimeasMrZhangdid.7)ThenanotherneighborLeecametotheyardtoseewhatwashappening.8)Heputthechicksomewherebetweentheirhomesandletitoff.9)ThechickwentstraighttojoinZhang’sflock.10)Wanghadnomoretosaybutmadeanimmediateapologize.Thusendedthequarreloverachick.连贯性增词法1)Mr.Zhang,aretiredminerboughtfourchicksearlythisyear.2)Onedayhefoundoneofthemmissing.Hegotsoangrythathekeptblaminghiswifeforitallthetime.3)TowardseveningintohisyardcameachickfollowedbyhisneighborWangwhorantocatchit.4)NaturallyZhang’swifewouldn’tlethimgowiththechick.5)Andsoaquarrelensued.6)ItturnedoutthatWanghadalsolostoneofhistwochicksrecentlywhichheboughtnearlythesametimeasMrZhangdid.7)TheirquarreldrewanotherneighborLeetotheyardtoseewhatwashappening.8)Havingheardthestoryheputthechicksomewherebetweentheirhomesandletitoff.9)ThechickwentstraighttojoinZhang’sflock.10)Wanghadnomoretosaybutmadeanimmediateapologize.Thusendedthequarreloverachick.表达性增词法37.中国的影响，中国的成就，在世界上到处可见。Thesigns(evidences)ofChina'sinfluenceandsuccessaboundintheworld.38.最近几年，考托福的人大大减少了。Inrecentyears,thenumberofpeoplewhotaketheTOEFLtesthasdecreased.39.要提倡顾全大局。Weshouldadvocatethespiritoftakingthewholesituationintoconsideration.40.我随时可以在家里接待客人了。I'mnowreadytomeetmyguestsatmyhome.词语翻译技巧初探移植法增词法减词法换译法反义法分译法释义法虚实转换减词法语法性减词语义性减词：减词法不能减掉原文的内容，所减之词，其内涵虽然在译文字面上没有体现出来，却隐藏在译文中。语义性减词法41.我们应该推动农产品生产、加工和销售的有机结合。Weshouldintegratetheproduction,processingandmarketingofagriculturalproducts.42.只有雨还在刷刷、刷刷地下着。Onlytheraincontinuedtopour.43.那我们来谈谈文艺问题。Shallwetalkaboutliteratureandarts?语义性减词法44.我们党结束了那个时期的社会动荡和纷扰不安的局面。OurPartyhasputanendtothesocialunrestandupheavalofthattime.45.他的家里很穷，但是他从小就认真读书、刻苦学习。Hisfamilywasverypoor,butheworkedhardathisstudieseveninearlychildhood.案例分析1我的英语水平提高了。译文1：ThelevelofmyEnglishhasimproved.译文2：MyEnglishhasimproved.大楼的质量不好。译文1：Thequalityofthebuildingispoor.译文2：Thebuildingisnotwellbuilt.案例分析1有时英语中一些词的本身，或上下文中已包括汉语中许多字的意思，因此翻译中不要把汉语中每个词译出。词内信息重复的语义性减词46.由于各种各样的原因，他们常常感到心情压抑，事业受挫。Theyoftenfeeldepressedandfrustratedforavarietyofreasons.47.这份杂志内容有趣，文字浅显，立即畅销全国。Themagazinehasgainedimmediatenationwidepopularityatonceasitisinterestingandeasy.词内信息重复的语义性减词48.他家里很穷，没有什么衣服可穿，也没有什么东西可吃。Hisfamilywassopoorthattheydidnothaveenoughfoodandclothing.49.医生给了她一些治疗感冒的药。Thedoctorgavehersomemedicineforhercold.一、表示状态、品质的汉语概念失业现象unimployment住房问题housing紧急状况emergency解决方法solution紧张局势tension稳定局面stability贫富差距gap支持力度support试译50.各学校正采取步骤纠正教学和科研不平衡的状况。51.在表面平静的生活下面一直有一种不满和不安的情绪。52.他在日记中记下了这位诗人对中国未来的悲观看法。53.这个会议的召开表明十年社会动荡局面的结束。54.在工作中，大家都必须杜绝浪费和低效率的现象。参考答案50.Collegesanduniversitiesaretakingmeasurestoredresstheimbalancebetween