缓降器装置的研究

I摘要本文首先对缓降器装置的研究现状进行了有效的分析，发现大多数装置结构原理复杂，操作繁琐，有些产品需要进行专门的培训才能完全掌握其的操作方法；部分产品甚至还需要电力驱动，断电时无法工作。为了改善这些不足之处，运用TRIZ理论创新设计，设计出一种基于负反馈闭环系统的缓降器装置，原理是利用物体本身的自重，通过机构的转换，产生阻止物体快速下落的阻力，从而使其在到达地面时速度减少，安全到达地面。然后对该装置的各个零件进行了设计和校核。最后通过静力学计算，分析该缓降器装置所能实现的功能，并加工出样机，通过实验验证了这些功能，通过实验测试可以达到高楼逃生人员安全落地速度小于3m∕s，其不仅可以用于缓降重物，也可用于紧急情况下的高楼逃生，有效地减少了人民群众的生命和财产的损失。关键词：缓降器TRIZ理论负反馈闭环系统包角高楼逃生装置IIAbstractThispaperfirstlydevicetostudystatusofeffectiveanalysisofHuanJiangQi,Throughinvestigatingthemarketwefoundthatmostdevicestructureiscomplex,operationprincipleoftedious,someproductsneedspecialtrainingtofullygraspitsoperatingmethods,andsomeproductsevenneedelectricdrive&powercutscannotwork.Inordertoimprovethesedeficiencies,usingtheTRIZtheory,thispaperdesignaHuanJiangQiwhichisbasedonnegativefeedbackfromtheclosed-loopsystem.Ourproduct‘sprincipleistousetheobjectitself,throughtheagencyofself-respect,whichcanproducetheconversionfastfallingresistancetostopobjecdecreasedallthespeedwhenflowdowntheground,thisproduceallowitemssafereachingtheground.Thenwehavedesignedandcheckedthevariouspartsofthisdevice.Finally,throughcalculation&analysisofthestaticsHuanJiangQidevicecanrealizethefunctionandworkoutaprototype,wehaveverifiedbytheexperimentsthesefunctions.throughthetestcanachievesafelandingspeedhigh-riseescapepersonnelarelessthan3m/s,itnotonlycanbeusedtoslowdownweight,alsocanusedforemergencyescapebuildings,effectivelyreducepeople'slifeandproperty.Keywords:descendingdevice;TRIZtheory;Negativefeedbackclosed-loopsystem;wrapangle;Tallbuildingescapeapparatus;III目录摘要..................................................................................................................................................IAbstract................................................................................................................................................II第一章绪论........................................................................................................................................11.1国内外研究现状与发展趋势..............................................................................................11.1.1国外缓降器的研究现状.............................................................................................11.1.2国内缓降器的研究现状.............................................................................................11.1.3缓降器的发展趋势.....................................................................................................31.2现有的缓降器装置................................................................................................................31.2.1救生缓降器..................................................................................................................31.2.2电动高楼逃生缓降器..................................................................................................41.2.3空气阻尼式缓降器......................................................................................................51.2.4多功能高空缓降装置..................................................................................................61.2.5巧力夹高楼逃生装置..................................................................................................61.3现有技术存在的不足............................................................................................................7第二章作品的工作原理....................................................................................................................82.1作品基于TRIZ理论的创新设计.........................................................................................82.1.1TRIZ理论的介绍.........................................................................................................82.1.2TRIZ理论在缓降器中的应用.....................................................................................92.1.3利用TRIZ理论的优势.............................................................................................112.2作品的原理..........................................................................................................................122.3作品自减速功能的实现......................................................................................................13第三章缓降器的测速装置设计....................................................................................................143.1非接触式转速计介绍..........................................................................................................153.1.1非接触式转速计的技术指标....................................................................................163.1.2安全操作准则............................................................................................................173.1.3外表结构....................................................................................................................183.1.4显示符号....................................................................................................................193.2非接触式转速计按键功能设置和测量操作说明...............................................................203.2.1按键功能及设置........................................................................................................203.2.2测量操作说明......