中学英语易混词汇讲与练

中学英语易混词汇讲与练中学英语易混词汇讲与练（高一上）1．although／though(1)一般情况下，两者可换用(although多用于句首)。(2)所引导的让步状语从句放在主句前．从句中用部分倒装时，用though(=as)。(3)只能说asthough(=asif);eventhough(＝evenif)。(4)though可用作副词,放在句末或句中．表示“然而”“不过”，although不可。(1)theytriedhard,theydidn'tfinishtheworkontime.(2)Theydidn'tstoptohavearesttheyweretired.(3)HespeaksEnglishashewereanEnglishman.(4)Evenhedidn'ttellmeanythingaboutit.Iknowthewholething.(5)Childheis,heknowsalotaboutcomputers.(6)HesaidhewouldhelpmewithmyEnglish;hedidn't，.2．toomuch／muchtootoomuch后接不可数名词(如果接可数名词用toomany)，还可单独使用，用作代词或副词(作宾语或状语)。muchtoo不可单独使用，后面要接形容词或其他副词可修饰动词。(1)ThecarisexpensiveforacommonfamilyinChina.(2)Youdranklastnight.(3)Youeatsugareveryday.It'sbadtoyourhealth.(4)It'shottoday.(5)Whatyousaidisforthegirl.3．holiday／vacation／leave／off(1)Christmasisaforeverybody(2)Thechildrenwilltaketheirsummerinhalfamonth.(3)Themanagerison(4)Theheadmastergavemeaday(5)Ihavetoaskyouforhalfaday's4．allow/permit/let/makeallow和permit在许多情况下可以换用，只是词义的强弱有些差别：allow侧重于“听任默许不加阻止”；permit强调“正式认可”“批准”的意思。Let椒普通用语；make是“使┅┅”。在使用中还要注意以下几点：(1)可以说allow／permitsb．todo不可以说allow／permitsb．doing。(2)可以说allow／permitdoing不可以说allow／permittodo。（3）可以说letsb.dosth.不可以说letsb.todosth.（4）可以说makesb.dosth.不可以说makesb.todosth.但要说：Sb.ismadetodosth.1.Studentsarenotallowed____________(enter)thenet-bar.2.Childrenarenotpermitted_____________(watch)thisplay.3.Doyouallow__________(smoke)intheoffice?4.Pleaseletme_____________(introduce)myself.5.Whatmakeyou____________(think)Iamafarmer?6.Thechildrenaremade___________(do)alotofhomeworkeveryday.7.Thatteacheroftentoomuchnoiseintheclassroom.8.Schoolsdonotsmoking.9.Hewasangrywithmeanddidn'tmeintotheroom.5．through／acrossacross(横过、穿过)着重指从一条线或一物体表面的一边到另一边。含义与on有关。through(穿过，从……通过)着重指空间的一头纵穿到另一头。含义与in有关。(1)Atrainisrunningthetunnel.(2)Don'trunthestreetwhilethetrafficlightisred.(3)Thereisashoptheroad.(4)Idon'tthinkhewilllivethenight.6．bemadefrom／bemadeof／bemadein／bemadeinto／bemadeupofbemadeof／from意为“由......制成”。用以制造的原材料已改变，在制成品中看不出原材料，用from；原料未改变，在制成品中仍看得出原材料，用of。bemadein指产地，意为“在......制造，由......制造”。bemadeinto意为“将......制成”。与以上短语不同，它的主语为原材料。bemadeupof指“由......组成”。1.Thiskindofbooksismade________akindofpaperwhichismade_______bamboo.2.Thenecklacemade_______glassinsteadofdiamondismade______GuangZhou..3.Whatcanthispieceofwoodmade_________?4.Theclubismade_________twentymembers.5.Thesetablearemadeourfactory.Theyweremadewood.6.Woodcanbemadetablesandotherfurniture.7.Chinaismade56nations.7．bybike／onabike／inabusby，in，on用于交通工具时用法如下：表示旅行方式，不涉及交通工具时用by。如：byair，bywater，bysea，byland(road)。泛指交通工具时用by，表交通工具的名词前不用冠词，不用复数词尾。如：byplane，bybus，byboat，bytrain。交通工具前有冠词或物主代词等修饰词时，用in或on如:onaredbike，on／inabus／train／ship。交通工具前有起始或到达时间时，也可用by。如：by／on，the11：00train。“骑马，骑骆驼，步行”均用on。如：。nhorseback，onahorse，Onthecamel，Onfoot。1.Iusuallygotoschool______bus,butthismorningIwent______mybrother’sbike.2.Iwentthere_______theNo.6busbutcameback_______myfriend’scar.8．noone/none(1)noone用来指人，不能接“短语，当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数(2)none不仅指人也可指物,其后常接of短语,构成noneof+名词/代词结构,当名词或代词为复数时,谓语动词用单复数均可.(3)回答howmany／howmuch引起的问句用none;回答who引起的问句用noone.(1)likesapersonwithbadmanners.(2)ofhisfriendscametohelphim.(3)Almostbelieveshim.(4)ofthemhas/haveseen(5)--Howmuchcoalisleft?--.(6)--Whoenteredtheroom?--.(7)Howmanystudentsarethereintheclassroom?--.9．wear/dress/puton/haveon/in/bedressin/pullon/with(1)强调动作sb．dresssb／oneselfsb．puton(衣服、鞋、帽等)sb．pullon(衣服、鞋、帽等)(2)强调状态sb.wear(衣服、鞋、帽、手套、眼镜、头发、胡须等。还可接颜色)sb．haveon(衣服、鞋、帽、手套等)sb．bein(颜色、衣服)sb．bedressedin(颜色、衣服)(3)其他用法pullon表示不经心地、随随便便或匆匆忙忙地穿上／戴上。wear可用于进行时，有时可用wearing作状语或定语haveon不可用于进行时，也不可用现在分词作状语或定语in除了同be连用作表语外，还可单独作定语。dress还可用作不及物动词，指“日常的穿着”。with只能接眼镜、手套等，用作定语。(1)Shegotuplate,sosheherclothesandwenttoschoolinahurry.(2)Sheisanewskirttoday.Shelooksmorebeautiful.(3)Heisgoingout.Heisanovercoat.(4)Thenursesareallinwhite.(5)Shehersonandsenthimtoschool.Thensheherselfinacoatandwenttowork.Shealwayswell.(6)Whenapersonisborn,he/shenothingWhenhe/shedies,he/shecarries(7)Whendidyougettheshoesyouyesterday?(8)Shelikestoblack(clothes).(9)Thegirlredisourmonitor.(10)ThewomanteacherglassesEnglishteacher.10．agreeon／agreewith／agreetoagreeon表示在某一点上达成协议或取得一致意见agreewith表示同意、赞成某人说的话，后接sb．或wh-从句,或表达意见,想法,观点,决定的词(opinion,view,idea,decision)还可以表示与.....一致,适合;此时主语一般不是表示人的词.agreeto后接计划、安排、建议、条件等词(plan,arrangement,suggestion,terms).agreetodo。表示“同已做某事”。(1)Iwhathesaid.(2)Afterafurtherdiscussion,bothsidesthedateforthenextmeeting.(3)Theydidn'teachotheronthatpoint.(4)Averbshoulditssubjectinnumberandperson.(5)Atlasttheteachergivehimanotherchance.(6)Doyouthearrangement?(7)Theyallthematter.11．spend／cost／take／pay(1)sb.spendsometime／moneyonsth．或sb．spendsometime/moneyonsth.或sb.spendsometime/money/(in)doingsth(2)sth.costsb.somemoney/time/life/health(3)Ittakessb．sometimetodosth．或sb.takesometimetodosth或sthtakesbsometimetodo(4)sb.pay(sb.)somemoney(for)sth.(1)Ithimthreeyearstowritethebook.(=Hethreeyearstowritethebook.Thebookhimthreeyearstowrite.=Hethreeyearswritingthebook.)(2)Everyyearhealotofmoneyonbooks/inbuyingbooks.(3)Thisdictionaryme100yuan.(4)Makingexperimentlikethatmuchtimeandlabour.(5)Carelessdrivingm