高中英语主谓一致(1)

“主谓一致”是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称、数上保持一致，即主语是复数，谓语也用复数形式，如are,were,have等，主语是单数，谓语要用单数形式，如：is,was,has,works等。一般语法书在具体处理一致关系时皆要求遵循以下三原则:远近一致、语法一致、意义一致。therebe句子是倒装结构，其中be的数的变化取决于最临近的一个主语。e.g.Thereisabananaandsevenapplesonthetable.就近原则therebeeither…or…或者…或者…,连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数随就近的一个。e.g.EitherheorIamtoberesponsiblefortheaccident.就近原则either…orneither…nor…既不…也不…,连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数随就近的一个。e.g.Neitherhisparentsnorheisinterestedinswimming.就近原则neither…nornotonly…butalso…不仅…而且…,连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数随就近的一个。e.g.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherdancestothemusic.就近原则notonly…butalso…not…but….不是…而是…,连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数随就近的一个。e.g.Nottheheadmasterbuttheteachersareinfavouroftheplan.就近原则not…but…therebe有。。。notonly…butalso…不仅。。。而且。。。either…or…或者。。。或者。。。neither…nor…既不。。。也不。。。not…but…不是。。。而是。。。1____(be)heoryousingingintheroom?2.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheirteacher_____(be)interestedinfootball.3.NeitheryounorI____wrong.4.There______(be)sevenbarbersandonlyonecustomerintheshop.5.Nothisparentsbuthe________(like)togoforapicnic.Isisamarelikes1)Onthewall____famouspaintings.A.haveB.areC.isD.has2)There_____alotofmilkinthebottle.A.areB.isC.wereD.has3)NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary____tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.be4)Oneorperhapsmorepages___missing.A.isB.areC.hasD.have5)Peter,perhapsJohn,____playingwiththelittledog.A.seemsB.wereC.areD.is6)_____he______Ifinishedtheexperiment?A.Haveneither/norB.Hasneither/norC.Haveneither/orD.Haveeither/or7)–____eitherheorIfitforthejob?–Neitherhenoryou____.A.Am;areB.Is;areC.Are;areD.Is;is以alongwith,togetherwith,with,aswellas,accompaniedby,ratherthan,but,except连接的两个主语，其谓语的单复数以第一个主语为主。1.NobodybutJane___________thesecret.A.knowB.knowsC.haveknownD.isknown2.I,ratherthanyou,____responsiblefortheaccident.A.amB.areC.hasD.have3.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks____tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered4.Allbutone_____herejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were5.Tomaswellastwoofhisclassmates_____invitedtotheparty.A.wasB.wereC.havebeenD.hadbeen6.Thehouse,includingthegardenandthegarage,______soldout.A.wasB.wereC.hasD.have7.Nooneexceptmyparents_____anythingaboutit.A.knowB.knowsC.isknowingD.haveknown8.Severalpassengers,togetherwiththedriver,_______hurtintheaccident.A.wasB.wereC.isD.are①由and连接两个名词作主语，不是指同一个人、同一物或同一概念时，谓语动词一般用复数。当and连接两个表示同一个人，同一物或同一概念时，谓语动词常用单数形式。如果名词前要加冠词，往往在第一个名词前才用，第二个名词前不用冠词修饰常见的有breadandbutter,aknifeandfork，ateacherandmusician,acartandhorse等。e.g.Fireandwaterdon’tagree.水火不相容。Thesingeranddancerispopularwiththeyoungpeople.Breadandbutteriswhattheyusuallyhaveforbreakfast.语法一致ateacherandwriter一个教师作家单数②它的美吸引了每一个国王和王后。译文：Everykingandeveryqueenwasattractedbyitsbeauty.②两个并列名词分别由every，each,manya,no等修饰，作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。e.g.EachboyandeachgirlhasanEnglishdictionary.Manyaboyandmanyagirlmadethesamemistakeintheexercise.Nomanandnoanimalisonthemoon.语法一致eachboyandeachgirl每一个男孩和女孩单数③主语后面接有with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,ratherthan,inadditionto,like,except,but,including,besides等词构成的短语修饰时，谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致。就远一致with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,ratherthan,inadditionto,like,except,but,including,besides④很多种方法都被他们尝试过了。译文：Manyawaywastriedbythem.④“morethanone+单数名词（不止一个…）”，“manya(许多)”虽然表示复数含义，但谓语动词用单数。e.g.Morethanonepersonwaspresentatthemeeting.Manyastudenthaspassedtheexam.语法一致manyamorethanone单数⑤但艰苦努力都是徒劳。译文：Buthardworkingwasinvain.⑤不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。e.g.Seeingisbelieving.=Toseeistobelieve.Whenwe’llgooutforanoutinghasbeendecided.语法一致不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句做主语谓语用单数⑥当时有99％的人都反对把车让给国王。译文：99％ofthepopulationwereagainsttheking’sownershipofthecartandhorse.⑥百分数(或分数)+of+可数名词单数(或不可数名词)，谓语用单数；百分数(或分数)+of+名词复数，谓语用复数。e.g.Twentypercentoftheworkersinthefactoryarewomen.Morethan70percentofthesurfaceoftheearthiscoveredbywater.语法一致百分数(或分数)+of+可数名词单数(或不可数名词)，谓语用单数百分数(或分数)+of+名词复数，谓语用复数。⑦只有勇士张飞，才是唯一有资格拥有这辆马车的人。译文：ZhangFeiwastheonlyoneofthepeoplewhohadtherighttoownthecartandhorse.⑦在定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句谓语动词要与先行词的数保持一致。在先行词前有oneof修饰时，从句谓语动词与复数名词保持一致;在先行词前有theonlyoneof,theveryoneof等修饰时，从句谓语动词与one保持一致，用第三人称单数形式。e.g.Hewasoneofthemenintheofficewhowereinvitedtotheball.Hewastheonlyoneofthemenintheofficewhowasinvitedtotheball.语法一致oneof复数theonlyoneof,theveryoneof单数⑧只要这辆马车一跑，就会趟起大量的尘土。译文：Hugequantitiesofdirtwereraisedbythecartaslongasthehorseran.e.g.Hugequantitiesofgoodearthhavebeenblownawayinthisarea.⑧largeamountsof和hugequantitiesof后即使跟的是不可数名词，谓语动词也要用复数形式。语法一致amountsof,quantitiesof谓语用复数①由and连接两个名词作主语，不是指同一个人、同一物或同一概念时，谓语动词一般用______数。当and连接两个表示同一个人，同一物或同一概念时，谓语动词常用_____数形式，如果名词前要加冠词，往往在第一个名词前才用，第二个名词前_____用冠词修饰。复单不②两个并列名词分别由every，each,manya,no等修饰，作主语时，谓语动词用_____________。第三人称单数③主语后面接有with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,ratherthan,inadditionto,like,except,but,including,besides等词构成的短语修饰时，谓语动词的数与_____________保持一致。前面的主语④“morethanone+单数名词（不止一个……）”，“manya(许多)”虽然表示复’数含义，但谓语动词与单数名词保持一致，习惯上用_____数。⑤不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句作主语，谓语动词用_____数。单单⑥百分数(或分数)+of+可数名词单数(或不可数名词)，谓语用____数；百分数(或分数)+of+名词复数，谓语用____数。⑦在定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句谓语动词要与先行词的数保持一致。在先行词前有oneof修饰时，从句谓语动词与__________保持一致;在先行词前有theonlyoneof,theveryoneof等修饰时，从句谓语动词与____保持一致,用_______________形式。单复复数名词one第三人称单数⑧larg