2017高考英语写作技巧点拨系列(四).ppt

写作技巧点拨系列(四)巧妙遣词造句,实现升级策略【语篇锤炼】(2012·江西高考)Ilikereading.Readingismyfavoritehobby(我最喜欢的爱好).Icanneverstoptheloveforreadingbecausebooksarelikewiseteachersaswellasgoodfriends(像良师益友)inmylife.Asweknow,booksarethesourceofknowledge(知识的源泉).Ibenefitagreatdealfrom(受益匪浅)reading.Thereareavarietyof(各种各样)booksforustochoosefrom,likehistorybooks,sciencebooks,literarybooksandsoon.Butwhatinterestsmemostisliterarybooks,especiallythosebyfamouswriters.Foronething,theyhelptoimprovemywritingskillsandbroadenmyhorizons(拓宽我的视野).Foranother,theycanenrichmylife(丰富我的生活)andprovidemewithgreatfun.Isn’titapleasuretohavegreatcalminmind(内心巨大平静)whileyouarereading?点拨:1.巧用词汇:myfavoritehobby,source,benefitagreatdeal,broadenmyhorizons,enrichmylife2.妙用短语:aswellas,avarietyof,foronething,foranother,havegreatcalminmind3.复杂句式:because原因状语从句,forustochoosefrom不定式复合结构,what名词性从句,while时间状语从句。【核心点拨】高考书面表达最高档次的评分标准中,要求“词汇丰富,有修辞意识,显示出较强的语言运用能力”。因此要想在高考英语写作中取得高分,就必须使用一定的高级词汇及复杂句式,为文章增加闪光点,从而提高文章的档次。1.遣词方面:(1)措辞要贴切具体试比较下面句子:一个人正在街上闲逛。Amaniswalkingdownthestreet.Amaniswanderingdownthestreet.通过比较可以看出,前一句不如后一句表达得具体、生动。一个词如果内涵越具体,那么在特定的场景中恰当地使用它,就会收到意想不到的效果。(2)要善于运用短语短语用得好,会给评卷老师留下深刻印象。例如:Whenhewasachild,hewantedtolearneverything.(普通)Whenhewasachild,hehadastrongappetite(胃口)forknowledge.(高级)2.造句方面:(1)巧用非谓语动词运用非谓语动词,可使文句看起来更简洁,使语言更加丰富多彩,重点更加突出,增加文采。Icoveredmyears,tryingtokeepthenoiseout,butfailed.(2)巧用with复合结构“with+名词/代词+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/介词”结构,常作伴随状语以增加被描绘内容的生动性和情感性,使文章读起来更简洁明了。试比较:Hesleptallthenightandthewindowwasopen.(一般)Hesleptallthenightwiththewindowopen.(高级)(3)巧用复合句评分标准中强调使用语法结构的数量和复杂性,鼓励考生尽量使用较复杂的结构,并且对由此产生的错误采取了宽容的态度。如果恰当运用各类从句,就会增加文章的亮点。SoonIbecameoneofthetopstudentsinmyclass,whichgreatlyincreasedmyconfidenceandgotmemotivated.(定语从句)(4)巧用倒装句、感叹句、强调句、虚拟语气句等使用这些句式可使文章化平淡为生动,加强语气,使评卷老师感受作者的强烈情感,起到升级文章的作用。DisappointedasIfeltattheshabbycampusandthepoorly-equippedclassroom,Ifoundtheteacherspatientandconsiderate.(倒装句)(5)巧用排比等句式如能运用一个个排比句、对偶句、不定式或短语,可使文章增色不少,会给评卷老师眼前一亮的感觉。Thepurposeoftheprogramistomakeourschoolmorebeautiful,tomaketheaircleanerandfresher,andtoturnourschoolintoabetterplaceforustostudyandlivein.【写作指导】1.巧妙遣词中的忌讳(1)避免使用自己没有把握的词汇、句式等,导致弄巧成拙;(2)避免受汉语思维的影响,用词要符合英语表达习惯,语言要地道,如某些名词和动词搭配已约定俗成,不能随意打乱其搭配习惯,否则会显得生硬和词不达意。如汉语中的“学到知识”,英语中就不能说learnknowledge,而要说acquireknowledge(获得知识)。类似的动宾结构还有achievesuccess获得成功,gainreputation获得声誉,attainone’send达到目的等。2.遣词造句的关键遣词造句是为优质语篇打基础,其关键就是:(1)用词要准确,词义要得当;(2)采用“曲线救国”克服生僻要点表达;(3)防止拼写错误,用自己最有把握、最贴切的词汇、句式来表达要点;(4)避免受汉语干扰,尽量用较为复杂的句式来增加文章的亮点,从而实现高分目标;(5)在表达时可以采取多种手法,只要词能达意,没有语法问题即为好的表达;(6)熟练运用基本句型,适当运用复合句式,注重语言表达的灵活性就能造句生动。【对点训练】Ⅰ.请标出下面作文的亮点句式HowwecanbuildupaharmoniousfamilyAharmoniousfamilyisessentialtoourpersonaldevelopmentandourphysicalandmentalhealth.Aharmoniousfamilyisalwaysfullofwarmth,loveandlaughter.Parentsandchildrenloveandshowconcernforeachother.Theyalsorespectandunderstandeachother.Ifachildgrowsupinaharmoniousfamily,heismorelikelytobecheerfulandoptimistic.Otherwise,hemaybemiserableandpessimistic.Meanwhile,parentsinaharmoniousfamilyaresuretolivemorehappilyandhealthily.Sinceaharmoniousfamilyplaysaveryimportantroleinourlife,itisuptoeveryfamilymembertocontributetothebuildingofsuchafamily.Firstofall,parentsshouldbearolemodelfortheirchildrenandpaymoreattentiontotheirownwordsandbehavior.Besides,theymusttrusttheirchildrenandoftencommunicatewiththem.Aschildrenofthefamily,weshouldalsorespectandunderstandourparents,andtrytosharetheirburdens.Ifwedoso,ourfamilywillalwaysbeharmonious.Ⅱ.巧用遣词造句,升级下面文章留意一下我们的周边,可以发现陪读现象很普遍。请你根据以下要点写一篇短文,内容应包括:1.简要描述陪读现象;2.分析父母陪读的原因(2至3个);3.发表你对此的看法。注意:1.词数120～150个。2.标题已给出,不计入总词数。ShouldOurParentsAccompanyUsinStudyingatSchool____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】ShouldOurParentsAccompanyUsinStudyingatSchoolInrecentyears,manyparentschoosetoaccompanytheirchildreninstudying,whichhasarousedawideconcern.Theseparentsarewillingtoleavetheirhometown,evenquittheirjobstofollowtheirchildrenintothecampus.Mostofthemrentanapartmentnearbysoastotakegoodcareoftheirchildren.Parentsconsideritnecessarytoofferabetterlivingconditiontotheirchildren.Meanwhile,itenablesthemtokeeptrackoftheirchildren’sacademicperformance.Nevertheless,whattheyhaveignoredisthatitwillgettheirkidsintothehabitofbeingdependent.Thus,theywillneverdeveloptheabilityofself-controlinthefuture.Trustleadstoindependence.Soitseemstomeparentsshouldcreateroomforchildren’sgrowthandstudyinordertoensuretheiroveralldevelopment.