Ernest-Hemingway

ErnestHemingway(1899-1961)ErnestHemingway•ErnestMillerHemingway(July21,1899—July2,1961)•Americannovelist,short-storywriter,andjournalist.•KnownastheLostGeneration,•PulitzerPrizein1953forTheOldManandtheSea,andtheNobelPrizeinLiteraturein1954.1.HewasborninOakPark,Illinois,nearthemiddlewesternCityofChicago.thesecondchildinafamilyofsix.Hisfatherwasadoctor.Hismotherlikedtopaintandplaythepiano.YoungErnestHemingwayfishinginMichiganin1904Life2.Hehadahappychildhood;3.Thoughhisfatherhopedhimtobeaphysician,Hemingwayrefusedtoenteruniversity.Hechosetobeareporter.4.DuringtheWWI,hewantedtojointhearmybutwasrefusedbecauseofhispooreyesight.5.ThenHemingwaycametoItalytoworkasanambulancedriver.Hewasseriouslywoundedinthebattlefield.Thenightmarishwarexperiencechangedhislife.ErnestHemingwayasanAmericanRedCrossvolunteerinMilan,Italy,1918LifeLife•6.Afterthewar,hestillworkedasareporter.HewassenttoParisandknewPound,GertrudeStein,SherwoodAndersonandsomeotherfamouswriterswhoencouragedhimtowrite.•7.HealsoworkedasawarreporterintheSpanishCivilWarandtheWWII.•8.Heisatoughguywithrathermasculinemanner.Inallhislife,helovedtoughgames,suchasboxing,hunting,deep-seafishing,bullfightandsoon.Hewasinjuredmanytimes.Inalltheoperations,237steelfragmentsweretakenoutfromHemingway’sbody.Healsosuffered3caraccidentsand2aircrushes.Hewasadmiredasaherobylotsofpeopleandhislifestylewasimitated.•9.In1961,Hemingwayshothimselfwithguninhishome.LifeMajorworks•短篇小说集•（InOurTime,1924）《在我们的时代里》•（WinnerTakesNothing,1933）《胜者无所得》•中篇小说•（TheTorrentofSpring,1926）《春潮》•短篇小说•（MenWithoutWomen,1927）《没有女人的男人》•中长篇小说•（TheOldManandtheSea,1952）《老人与海》•长篇小说•（TheSunalsoRises,1926）《太阳照常升起》•（AFarewelltoArms,1929）《永别了，武器》•（ForWhomtheBellTolls,1940）《丧钟为谁而鸣》•（ToHaveandHaveNot,1937）《有的和没有的》MasterpiecesTheSunAlsoRises《太阳照样升起》•海明威参加一战归来后发表的第一篇长篇小说，也是他的成名作•在小说的扉页，海明威引用美国“意象派”作家格特鲁德·斯坦因对他说的一句话作为题词：“你们都是迷惘的一代。”•小说因此被视为“迷惘的一代”——无论是作为文学流派的，还是作为一代战争受害者的宣言书，海明威也因此成为“迷惘的一代”的代言人。•战后一群青年流落在巴黎的生活情景。他们参加过大战，大战中有的失去亲人，有的负了重伤。这些青年没有生活的理想，没有精神支柱，没有奋斗目标。他们表面上欢乐，内心却隐藏着深刻的悲哀•这种悲观失望的情绪正是当时的海明威在思想上的经历。小说中的主人公具有海明威的面影,他正是以自己的亲身经历为模版创作了这部小说。•表达了当时的青年一代的幻灭感以及对传统道德观念的反叛精神和强烈的反战情绪。ThemesthemesTheLostGeneration迷惘的一代TheFailureofCommunication人与人之间的隔阂MaleInsecurity男性焦虑症Anti-Semitism反犹太主义FalseFriendships虚伪的友谊。。。。。。AFarewelltoArms《永别了,武器》•直接描写战争，贯穿反战的主题•亨利与凯瑟琳的悲剧是战争造成的，战争摧毁个人的幸福•ThroughthestoryofFredericHenry,ErnestHemingwayexpressedhisanti-warthemeinthenovel.Underhispen,thewarisdescribedasthecauseofalldisasterandhumanmisfortune.Peoplecan'tescapebutsufferthedisastersproducedbywar.•Hemingwayshowsthewarinitstruecolorandachievestheaimofexpressinghisanti-warthemethroughhisportrayalofbureaucracy,disaster,sufferinganddeath.Theme&Symbol•Theme-TheGrimRealityofWar-TheRelationshipBetweenLoveandPain•Symbol-Rain-Catherine’sHairForWhomtheBellTolls《丧钟为谁而鸣》byErnestHemingway具有明确的反法西斯的倾向欧美现代文学描写西班牙内战的优秀作品之一ForWhomtheBellTollstellsthestoryofRobertJordan,ayoungAmericanintheInternationalBrigadesattachedtoarepublicanguerillaunitduringtheSpanishCivilWar.Asanexpertintheuseofexplosives,heisassignedtoblowupabridgeduringanattackonthecityofSegovia.majorthemesDeathisaprimarypreoccupationofthenovel.WhenRobertJordanisassignedtoblowupthebridge,heknowsthathewillnotsurviveit.PabloandElSordo,leadersoftheRepublicanguerrillabands,seethatinevitabilityalso.Almostallofthemaincharactersinthebookcontemplatetheirowndeaths.NovellalongerandmorecomplexthanashortstorybutshorterandmorecompactthananovelTheOldMenandtheSeacanbeclassifiedasanovella,aworkoffictiontypically50to100pageslong.CONTENT&PLOTThoughpossiblyErnestheminway'smosteduringworkoffiction,itisaverysimplebriefstoryofanoldman,acubanfishermannamedSantiagoFromthemomentSantiagodepartsfromland,theeventsofTheOldManandtheSeacanbedividedintotheoldman'sthreedaysandnightsattheseaandthemorningofhisreturntoshore.POOR,SOLITARY,OLDmanEighty-fourdayswithoutafisheighty-fiveisaluckynumberOneighty-fifthdays,setoutagain,alonecomeon,justsmellthem,thereisthetuna,arn'tthemlovely?Hewilltakeit,Godhelphimtotakeit.heistwofeetlongerthantheskiff.Heisagreatfish,andimustconvicehimbutremebertosleep,makeyourselfdoitanddevisesomesimpleandsurewayaboutthelinesIwillshowhimwhatamancandoishebringingmeinoramibringinghein?AmancancanbedestroyedbutNOTdefeated!!!!!ThemesNogoodbookhaseverbeenwrittenthathasinitsymbolsarrivedatbeforehandandstuckin....Itriedtomakearealoldman,arealboy,arealseaandarealfishandrealsharks.ButifImadethemgoodandtrueenoughtheywouldmeanmanythings.”—ErnestHemingwayin1954Asongofpraiseforheroes英雄主义赞歌ThemagnitudeofSantiago'seffortissuchthat,formanyreaders,itrepresentstheepitomeofthehumanspiritWithoutadoubt,SantiagodemostratestheGraceunderpressurehemiwaycodehero,amanwhoadherestotherulersofwhatevergamehemaybeplaying,notwithstandinghisapparentdefeat.GrecianClassicaltragedy希腊古典悲剧作品ThisinterpretationsuggestsareadingofTheOldManandtheSeaasaclassicaltragedyinwhichthehero'sdownfallisconsequenceofhischaracterflaw.Perhaps,Santiago'sconfidenceinhisowncapacityisaformofpridethatactuallycausesthelostofhislivelihoodandthepointlessdestructi