英语句子成分(公开课30分钟左右)

读一读英语重结构，汉语重语义。“就句子的结构而论，西洋语言是法治的，中国语言是人治的。”--王力文章段落句子词组单词句子句子成分句子结构句子种类Welcometomyclass!ByTiffanyLiu树根?单词树枝?句子句子成分树叶?句子的成分表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”主语GinaisfromAustralia.Sheoftengoestothemovies.Threeisenough.Doingtheworkishardforhim.Toseeistobelieve.Whatheneedsisabook.-名词-代词-数词-动名词-不定式-主语从句主语在哪里Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.Whathehassaidistrue.Seeingisbelieving.说明主语“做什么”或“怎么样”,谓语通常是动词。主谓要一致谓语WeloveChina.Hehasabadcold.Wehavefinishedreadingthisbook.谓语在哪里TheycanspeakEnglishwell.Helookedaftertwoboys.Theyenjoyedplayingcomputergames.表示动作,行为的对象说明主语“做什么”宾语CanIasksomequestions?Heislookingatthedog.宾语Hegavemetwobooks.TomteachesusEnglish.双宾语人是间接宾语，物是直接宾语Mybrotherhasn’tdonehishomework.ABCD宾语在哪里Iboughtacomputerlastweek.ABCD说明主语“是什么”,“怎么样”位于系动词之后表语Hermotherisateacher.Thefoodtastesdelicious.Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.系动词状态系动词表示主语状态、身份等，主要有be。Iamhungry.持续系动词表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep,remain,stay等。Hebecamemadafterthat.系动词感官系动词主要有feel,smell,sound,taste,look等。Thisflowersmellsverysweet.变化系动词表示主语变化，主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come等。找出表语Everythinglooksnice.Hisfaceturnedred.Heishappy.修饰名词或代词定语She’sagoodbasketballplayer.What’syourname?Thegirlwithlonghairismysister.找出定语Somepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.ABCDThemandownstairswastryingtosleep.ABCD修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句,说明时间、地点、方式、原因、结果、条件、让步、程度、频率、伴随、目的等。状语ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachines.Hesattherequietly.找出状语Hebeganwritingwhenhewaseleven.ABCDTherewasabigsmileonherface.ABCD用来补充说明宾语的情况宾语补足语Weelectedhimourmonitor.Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.ABCDTheycallmeLilysometimes.ABCD找出宾补单项选择1.（2012·六盘水中考）Tellthechildren_______unhealthyfood.It’sbadfortheirhealth.A.nottoeatB.noteatingC.toeatD.eating【解析】选A。tellsb.nottodosth.“告诉某人不要做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语，故选A。2.（2012·安顺中考）WhenIwentintotheroom,Ifound_______inbed.A.himlyingB.helyingC.heliesD.himwaslying【解析】选A。findsb.doingsth.“发现某人正在做某事”，现在分词作宾语补足语。3.(2011·凉山中考)Ihave_______totellyou.Maybeyouwillbe_______init.A.interestingsomething;interestedB.somethinginteresting;interestingC.somethinginteresting;interested【解析】选C。形容词修饰不定代词时，应该放在其后面。beinterestedin是固定搭配，意思是“对……感兴趣”。故选C。4.(2011·贵港中考)—Whatdoyouthinkofthetwobackpacks?—_______ofthemareverynice.A.EitherB.BothC.EachD.All【解析】选B。either“(两者中)任意一个”；both“(两者)都”；each“(三者或者三者以上中)任意一个”；all“(三者或者三者以上)都”，根据答句中be动词are，故作主语的是复数，问句指的是thetwobackpacks。故选B。5.(2011·杭州中考)Nick,wouldyoumind_______thoseoldjeans?Theylookterrible.A.nottowearB.notwearC.wearingnotD.notwearing【解析】选D。考查mind的用法。mind后面跟动词-ing，否定形式为mindnotdoing。故选D。6.(2011·丽水中考)KateandIaregoingtotheconcertthisweekend.Dadwilltake_______there.A.itB.youC.usD.them【解析】选C。前面提到“凯特和我”，所以后面“爸爸”应该是带着“我们”去那里，故选C。7.(2011·岳阳中考)_______ofthelandiscoveredwithtreesandgrassinPingjiang,Yueyang.A.ThreefivesB.ThreefifthsC.Threefifth【解析】选B。分子用基数词表示；分母用序数词表示，当分子大于1时，分母加-s，故选B。Summary2谓语“做什么”或“怎么样”3宾语动作行为的对象主语“什么人”或“什么事”1表语“是什么”,”怎么样”42定语用来修饰名词或代词3状语修饰动词，形容词或副词4宾补用来补充说明宾语的情况