summary英语PPT

summarywritingWhatisasummaryFeaturesofsummaryUsesofsummarywriting01020304Proceduresofwritingasummary05warningWhatisasummaryAsummsryisabriefrestatementoftheessentialthoughtofalongercomposition.Itreproducesthethemeoftheoriginalwithasfewwordsaspossible.总结是对一篇文章的主题思想的简单概述。它用最简洁的语言概括了原文的主题。summary是一种对原始文献（或文章）的基本内容进行浓缩的语义连贯的短文，它以迅速掌握原文内容梗概为目的，不加主观评论和解释，但必须简明、确切地表述原文的重要内容。论文里的summary是指对该论文的概括，可以先提出你在这篇论文中要表达的观点。然后可以写你在文章各个部分要表达的分论点。最后总结一、两句话。FeaturesofsummaryBrevity:omitunnessarydetailslikeexamples,explanationsandotherunimportantinformation.(Length:1/4——1/3oftheoriginaltext.)Objectivity:tocontainonlytheideasorinformationoftheoriginal.Donotincludeyourownideasoremotionsonthetopic.Completeness:toincludeallthemainandsupportingpointsdeliveredinyourownwordsinacondensedmanner.Usesofsummarywriting1.Summarywritingisaverygoodexerciseforimprovingreadingcomprehension.2.Summarywritingisalsohelpfultocompositionwriting.3.Summarywritinghaspracticaluses.Summarywritingexample1.Thekeyidea:Gettingupearly/agoodhabit/ofgreatimportance2.Supportingsentences:agoodmemoryahealthierbodyabetterpreparationfortheday3.Conclusion/suggestions:agoodhabit/benefitalotThepassagesaysgettingupearlyinthemorningisagoodhabit.Itenablesustohaveabettermemory,healthierbodyandbetterpreparationfortheday.ReadingRevisionWritingProceduresofwritingasummaryPart1readingSkimandscanthetexttoidentifythetopicandtounderstandhowtheinformationhasbeenorganized.Readcarefully,sentencebysentence.Asyouread,takebriefnotesinyourownwordsaboutthemainideas.Part2WritingSummarywritingisanexerciseincompression.Inwritingasummary,youmay:总结时可以采用下列几种小技巧：1、Omitthedetails.Onlytheimportantpointsshoudbeincludedinthesummary;allthedetailsthatexplainthemainpointscanbeleftout.删除细节。只保留主要观点。2、Reducetheexamples.Outoffiveorsixexamplesgivenintheoriginalpassageoneortwomaybechosenforthesummary；therestaretobeomitted.选择一至两个例子。原文中可能包括5个或更多的例子，你只需从中筛选一至二个例子。3、Eliminateallrepetitions.Sometimesastatementisrepeatedforemphasis.Thisisnotnecessaryinasummary.Sometimesanideaisrepeatedindifferentwords.Suchaveiledrepetitionshouldalsobeavoided.避免重复。在原文中，为了强调某个主题，可能会重复论证说明。但是这在总结中是不能使用的。应该删除那些突出强调的重述句。4、Compresswordysentencesandchangephrasestowords.压缩长的句子Forexample“Hiscourageinbattlemightwithoutexaggerationbecalledlion-like.”可以概括为：“Hewasverybraveinbattle.”5、Youmayalsomakephrasesdotheworkofclausesorsentences.使用词组代替整句或者从句ForexampleBeautifulmountainslikeMountTai,LushanMoutain,andYellowMountain,werevisitedbyonlyafewpeopleinthepast.Today,betterwages,holidayswithpay,newhotelsonthosemountains,andbettertrainsandbusservices,havebroughtthemwithinreachofmanywhoneverthoughtofvisitingthemtenyearsago.BeautifulmountainslikeMountTaiOncevisitedbyonlyafewpeopleBetterwages,paidholidays,newhotelsandbettercommunicationTodayaccessibletomanypeople•BeautifulmountainslikeMountTai•Oncevisitedbyonlyafewpeople•Todayaccessibletomanypeople•Betterwages,paidholidays,newhotelsandbettercommunication•BeautifulmountainslikeMountTai,oncevisitedbyonlyafewpeople,aretodayaccessibletomanypeople,thankstobetterwages,paidholidays,newhotelsandbettercommunication.6、Usegeneralwordsinsteadofspecificwords.使用概括性的名词代替具体的词“ShebroughthomeseveralChineseandEnglishnovels,afewcopiesofTimeandNewsweekandsometextbooks.Sheintendedtoreadallofthemduringthewintervocation.”可以概括为:“Shebroughthomealotofbookstoreadduringthevocation.”7、Usetheshortestposssibletransitions.使用最短的连接词8、Writeinthethirdperson.文章中第一人称说的话通常转化为第三人称Part3Reviseyourdraft1.Compareitcarefullywiththeoriginaltoseethatyouhaveincludedalltheimportantpoints.与原文比较看是否把所有重要的观点都概括了，观点是否与原文一致2.Ifitistoolong,furthercompressitbyomittingunnecessarywordsandphrasesorbyremodelingsentences.出现不必要的词汇、短语或者长句子，删除它们3.Correctallmistakesinspelling,grammarandidiom,andseethatitisproperlypunctuated.检查拼写、语法和标点符号的错误Warnings:1.Thesummaryshouldbeinyourownwords.总结应用自己的话完成。2.Thesummaryshouldfollowthelogicalorderoftheoriginalpassage.总结应遵循原文的逻辑顺序。3.Thesummaryshouldconveythemessageoftheoriginalpassagefullyandclearly.总结应全面、清晰地表明原文所载的信息。4.Donotaddanyopinionsorideasofyourown.不要添加任何自己的观点。5.Donotmakeyoursummarytoolong.不要让你的总结过长。