教室灯光自动控制系统设计

摘要-I-教室灯光自动控制系统设计摘要针对学校教室用电浪费现象，本研究教室灯光的智能控制，分析了发展现状教室灯光智能控制的原理和方法，提出了基于单片机的教室灯光智能控制的设计。该系统以AT89S52单片机为控制装置的智能部件，采用热释电红外传感器检测到人类存在和采用光敏电阻构成的电路检测环境光强度。根据教室光线条件和人体的测量信号系统和环境光，系统可以做出合理、智能判断，然后控制教室照明电路的工作。首先通过传感器检测教室门口是否有人活动，若有人则开启教室门口的灯，然后通过光照强度检测电路检测光照强度，其检测信号经过ADC0804转换为可提供单片机直接处理的数字信号，每个座位上安置机械压力开关，根据数字信号及压力开关的变化自动执行对LED的恒光控制，以实现照明的节能控制。教室门口安装内外两个光藕，用于检测人员进入情况，统计教室人数。这是一个有效的方法来避免浪费电的教室。体积小，控制方便，可靠性高，特异性高、价格合理的优势使该系统满足大，中等技术学校教室灯光控制的要求，极大地达到节能的目的。关键词教室灯光控制；热释红外传感器；光敏电阻；AT89S52Abstract-II-AbstractThisstudyofintelligentcontrolclassroomlamplight,analyzesthecurrentsituationofthedevelopmentoftheclassroomlightofintelligentcontrolprincipleandmethod,isproposedbasedonsingle-chipmicrocomputerintelligentcontroloftheclassroomlamplightdesign.ThissystemtoAT89S52singlechipcomputerascontroldeviceofintelligentparts,adoptsheatreleaseinfraredsensordetectsthereleaseofhumanexistenceandadoptsphotoconductiveresistanceconstitutescircuittestingenvironmentlightintensity.Accordingtotheclassroomlightconditionsandthemeasuredthesignalofhumanbodysystemandambientlight,thesystemcanmakereasonableandintelligentjudgmentandthencontrolstheworkofclassroomlightingcircuit.Firstbysensordetectswhetherthedooroftheclassroomactivities,ifsomeoneopensthedooroftheclassroomlights,andthenthroughthelightintensitydetectingcircuitinlightintensity,thetestsignalafterconvertingADC0804canprovidesingle-chipcomputerprocessingofdigitalsignalsdirectly,eachseatonmechanicalpressureswitch,accordingtothedigitalsignalandthechangeofthepressureswitchautomaticallyperformtheLEDconstantlightcontrol,torealizetheenergysavingoflightingcontrol.Insideandoutsidethedooroftheclassroomtoinstalltwolightlotusroot,usedtodetectpersonneltoenter,statisticsthenumberoftheclassroom.Itisaeffectivewaytoavoidtheclassroomofwasteelectricity.Smallvolume,convenientcontrol,highreliability,highspecificityandpricereasonablemakethissystemsatisfytheadvantagesoflarge,secondarytechnicalschoolsclassroomlightcontrolrequirementsandgreatlyreachenergy-savingpurpose.Keywordstheclassroomlightcontrol;heatreleaseinfraredsensor;photoconductiveresistance;AT89S52;目录-III-目录摘要.............................................................................................................................IABSTRACT..................................................................................................................II第1章绪论..................................................................................................................11.1教室灯光自动控制系统的发展现状..................................................................11.1.1国外灯光自动控制的发展状况...................................................................11.1.2国内灯光自动控制的发展状况...................................................................11.1.3教室灯光自动控制的发展现状...................................................................21.2当前常用灯光自动控制系统简介.....................................................................21.3.本设计的题目来源..............................................................................................31.4本设计的主要内容与目标..................................................................................31.5本章小结.............................................................................................................4第2章教室灯光控制器简介及控制方案的分析......................................................52.1教室灯光控制器简介.........................................................................................52.2教室灯光系统控制方案的分析.........................................................................52.3本章小结.............................................................................................................5第3章教室灯光系统控制模块的硬件设计..............................................................63.1本系统需要抗干扰的原因分析..........................................................................63.2本系统控制模块的硬件构成分析.....................................................................63.3本控制系统的主要硬件电路设计.....................................................................63.3.1系统主控电路...............................................................................................63.3.2系统供电路...................................................................................................73.3.3数据采集电路...............................................................................................83.3.4数码管驱动显示电路.................................................................................113.3.5数模转换电路.............................................................................................133.3.6人数流量计数器.........................................................................................153.3.6.1设计框图..............................................................................................153.3.6.2光控脉冲整形部分..............................................................................153.3.6.3逻辑控制部分以及附加功能部分......................................................163.3.6.4两光藕距离及其产生的脉冲..............................................................183.3.6.5逻辑电路部分及计数器的选用.........................................