2018年计算机考研真题及参考答案

20181402801S1S2F()1S1ab2S2op3bopa4S1S15,8,3,22S2*,-,++3F()S1A.-15B.15C.-20D.202.QSQ1,2,3,4,5,61S3A.1,2,5,6,4,3B.2,3,4,5,6,1C.3,4,5,6,1,2D.6,5,4,3,2,13.1212Mmi,j1ij12CNm6,6NA.50B.51C.55D.664.T2TkTA.2k-1B.2kC.k2D.2k-15.{a,b,c,d,e,f}6,3,8,2,10,4A.00,1011,01,1010,11,100B.00,100,110,000,0010,01C.10,1011,11,0011,00,010D.0011,10,11,0010,01,0006.A.x1x2x5B.x1x4x5C.x3x5x4D.x4x3x57.A.1,5,2,3,6,4B.5,1,2,6,3,4C.5,1,2,3,6,4D.5,2,1,6,3,48.53BA.15B.31C.62D.2429.7HTH(k)=k%722,43,15HTA.1.5B.1.6C.2D.310.8,3,9,11,2,1,4,7,5,10,61,3,7,5,2,6,4,9,11,10,81,2,6,4,3,7,5,8,11,10,9A.3,1B.3,2C.5,2D.5,311.6,1,5,9,8,4,7)A.6,1,7,9,8,4,56,9,7,1,8,4,59,6,7,1,8,4,59,8,7,1,6,4,5B.6,9,5,1,8,4,76,9,7,1,8,4,59,6,7,1,8,4,59,8,7,1,6,4,5C.6,9,5,1,8,4,79,6,5,1,8,4,79,6,7,1,8,4,59,8,7,1,6,4,5D.6,1,7,9,8,4,57,1,6,9,8,4,57,9,6,1,8,4,59,7,6,1,8,4,59,8,6,1,7,4,512.?...A.B.C.D.13.intxyFFFFFFDFH00000041Hxyx-yA.x=-65,y=41,x-yB.x=-33,y=65,x-yFFFFFF9DHC.x=-33,y=65,x-yFFFFFF9EHD.x=-65,y=41,x-yFFFFFF96H14.IEEE754A.1.02-126B.1.02-127C.1.02-128D.1.02-14915.32(LittleEndian)inti=0;C745FC00000000inti=-64;A.C745FCC0FFFFFFB.C745FC0CFFFFFFC.C745FCFFFFFFC0D.C745FCFFFFFF0C16.x11011000x11A.1110110011101100B.0110110011101100C.1110110001101100D.011011000110110017.DRAMrc2K1DRAMrcA.20481B.6432C.3264D.1204818.doubleA2000HA0sizeof(double)12100HA.25B.32C.64D.10019.subR1,R2,R3R1-R2R3/CFOFR1=FFFFFFFFHR2=FFFFFFF0HCFOFA.CF=0,OF=0B.CF=1,OF=0C.CF=0,0F=1D.CF=1,OF=120.5A~E80ps50ps50ps70ps50ps20psCPUA.60psB.70psC.80psD.100ps21...../A.B.C.D.22.I/OA.B.CPUC.CPUD.CPU23....CPUA.B.C.D.24.1sT3P1P2P3CPUCPUP130s12s10P215s24s30P318s36s20CPUTA.54sB.73sC.74sD.75s25.thread1thread20xthread1thread2x1thread1thread2movR1,x//xR1incR1//R1+1R1movx,R1//R1xmovR2,x//xR2incR2//R2+1R2movx,R2//R2xx2A.1B.2C.3D.426.4P1P2P3431P1P2P3210A.B.C.P3P1P2D.P3P2P127.P.P.P.CPUA.B.C.D.28.xx.wait()A.xB.xC.xD.x29...CPU.A.B.C.D.30.A.FCFSB.SSTFC.SCAND.CSCAN31.....A.B.C.D.32.A.PetersonB.swapC.D.TestAndSet33.TCP/IPA.FTPB.DNSC.SMTPD.HTTP34.A.B.C.D.35.IEEE802.11MACCSMA/CAA.B.C.MACD.RTSCTS36.-3kbps200ms40%A.240B.400C.480D.80037.RS1S2RH1H2IPMACH1H21IPPH1PMACH2PMACA.00-a1-b2-c3-d4-6200-1a-2b-3c-4d-52B.00-a1-b2-c3-d4-6200-a1-b2-c3-d4-61C.00-1a-2b-3c-4d-5100-1a-2b-3c-4d-52D.00-1a-2b-3c-4d-5100-a1-b2-c3-d4-6138.435.230.32.0/2135.230.40.0/2135.230.48.0/2135.230.56.0/214A.35.230.0.0/19B.35.230.0.0/20C.35.230.32.0/19D.35.230.32.0/2039.UDP(demultiplexing)A.B.C.D.40.SMTPA.JPEGB.MPEGC.EXED.ASCII41477041.(13)n(n1),{-5,3,2,3}1{1,2,3}412CC++342.(12)BJCSXAQDJNNJTLWH8421242131H1TLH2BJH1H2TTL=5IPH2IP43.(8)500MHzCPI4AB2MB/s40MB/sI/O321AI/O/10ACPUA/CPU2I/O400BI/O3BDMADMA1000BCPUDMA500CPUB/CPU44.(15)CPU4444441?2TLBTLBSRAMDRAM3CacheCacheLRUWriteBackCacheDataTagCacheCache4CPU0008C040HCacheCPU0007C260HCache45.(8)4416682PDBRPDBRPDBR3CLOCK46.(7)4KB64B11814B121M1M=220512M5600B3F16KBF240KBF1F247.(7)47IP192.168.1.0/24IPMTU=1500BMTU=800B1IP2192.168.1.1192.168.1.2081500BIPIP20BF1IPIP20181B2C3A4A5A6C7D8B9C10D11A12D13C14A15A16B17C18B19A20D21B22C23C24D25B26A27C28D29D30A31D32C33B34C35D36D37D38C39B40D411B[n]A1~nB[0]1B[n-1]nB0An1~n+1An1~nn+1A0n1~n1~nA0nA[0]A0A[i]=nB[A[i]-1]=1ABB[i]==0ii+1A1~nB[i]0i+1i=ni+1n+1An+1intfindMissMin(intA[],intn){inti,*B;//B=(int*)malloc(sizeof(int)*n);//memset(B,0,sizeof(int)*n);//0for(i=0;in;i++)if(A[i]0&&A[i]=n)//A[i]1~nBB[A[i]-1]=1;for(i=0;in;i++)//Bif(B[i]==0)break;returni+1;//}3ABO(1)O(n)B[n]O(n)421primkruskal162Primkruskal3TTL=5IP51TLBJTTL=5IPH1H2H2IP2TLBJH2IP431A324B/2MB=2us2us1s/2us=5105CPUA/5105104=2107CPU2107/500M=4%24001/500M=0.8usB32B324B/40MB=0.1usBI/O3DMACPUDMABDMA40MB/1000B=40000CPUB/40000500=2107CPU2107/500M=4%44116+12=2820+3+5=282TLBTLBTLBTLBSRAM3Cache22LRU1LRU1128Tag2035Cache23=8225=32BCache8220+1+1+1+328=4464=558CacheCache4TLB008CHTLB0040H13040H0040040H0040040H2000400H500000B3010B200400HCache2Cache00400H0Cache00400HCache1212001001100000B01100000B011BCache3451322012101001806008H2PDBRPage-DirectoryBaseRegisterPDBRPDBRPDBRPDBRPDBR3CLOCK4614KB4B4KB/4B=10248+11024+110242+1102434KB(8+11024+110242+110243)4KB=32KB+4MB+4GB+4TB21M4KB/64B=64M5600B2512M512M/2=256M64M5600B3F16KB4KB8=32KBF1F240KB4KB840KB4KB8+4KB1024F247110192.168.1.0/24IPIP248101192.168.1.1281192.168.1.127IP27-2=12601208-129+1=801IP(192.168.1.254)126-80-1=452MTU8BMTU=800BIP20BIP(800-20)/88=776(1500-20)/776=2102776/8=97